沉积物粒度特征及其对环境的指示意义——以濠河为例

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201503207

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究河流沉积物粒度对区域气候变化的指示作用,对濠河中游、下游、濠河入淮河口3个典型河床沉积物剖面及石英尾砂的粒度进行了测量。结果显示:3个沉积物剖面按粒度的变化特征均可分成四层,第一层沉积物以细粉砂为主,第二、三、四层以粗粉砂为主,其中第二、三、四层沉积物的粒度频率分布曲线与石英尾砂非常相似,说明大量石英尾砂排入濠河后,沉积物粒度特征由石英尾砂控制。在近30年中,濠河沉积物的粒度随河水动力的变化而出现波动,这种波动与降雨量的年际变化、洪水的发生等自然因素有关,沉积物平均粒径的峰值与降雨量大或洪水发生的年份存在对应关系。濠河沉积物的粒度特征具有濠河流域气候干湿变化的指示意义:粒径粗指示降雨量较多的湿润气候,粒径细指示降雨量较少的干旱气候。

关键词: 石英尾砂, 沉积物, 粒度, 环境变化, 濠河

Abstract:

In order to study the indicating effect of the particle size of river sediments to the regional climate change, three representative sedimental sections were collected in the middle and lower reaches of the Haohe River bed. The grain size of the sediments and quartz tail-sands were measured. The results showed that the three representative sedimental sections can be divided into four sub-layers. The first sub-layer sediments is mainly fine silty sand, the second, the third and the fourth sub-layer sediments are mainly coarse silty sand. Grain size frequency distribution curves of the second, the third, and the fourth sub-layer are very similar to quartz tail-sands. This showed that the grain size characteristics of sediments was controlled by quartz tail-sands when a great deal of quartz tail-sands was discharged into Haohe River. The results also showed that grain size of Haohe River sediments changed with the river power in the past 30 years, which was connected with the natural variations such as rainfall, flood, and so on. The peaks of the sedimental average particle diameter had corresponding relation with the years when heavy rain or flood occurred. The grain size characteristics of Haohe River sediments could indicate the climate change of Haohe River basin: when the grain size of sediment was big, it indicated more rainfall humid climate; when the grain size of sediment was small, it indicated less rainfall arid climate.

Key words: quartz tail-sands, sediments, grain size, environmental change, Haohe River

中图分类号:

P512.31

李勇, 李海燕, 赵应权. 沉积物粒度特征及其对环境的指示意义——以濠河为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(3): 918-925.

Li Yong, Li Haiyan, Zhao Yingquan. Grain Size Characteristics of Haohe River Sediments and Its Environmental Implications[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(3): 918-925.

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