Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (1): 185-193.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190049

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Influence of Initial Soil Moisture on Breaching Mechanism of Natural Dam

Jiang Xiangang1,2, Wu Lei1   

  1. 1. School of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610041, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes, Chinese Academy of Sciences(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences), Chengdu 610041, China
  • Received:2019-02-25 Published:2020-02-11
  • Supported by:
    Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41807289)and Project of Education Department of Sichuan Province(18ZA0374)

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Abstract: The breaching process of natural dams is influenced by many factors. However, it is still unclear about the effects of initial soil moisture on the discharge hydrograph and breach evolution. In this study, we conducted several laboratory tests to study how the initial soil moisture influences the breaching process of natural dams. The results show that there were three periods with different breaching characteristics in the breaching process with different initial soil moistures, namely the tractive erosion, the backward erosion, and the water and sand movement rebalance. The peak discharge increased with the increase of initial soil moisture. However, the breaching duration and dam height after dam failure decreased with the increase of initial soil moisture. The intensity of backward erosion decreased with the increase of initial soil moisture;in contrast, the tractive erosion enhanced with the increase of initial soil moisture. The greater the initial soil moisture was, the larger the incision rate was, and the incision rate increased slowly when the initial soil moisture was less than 7.8%, otherwise the incision rate increased quickly. In addition, the average incision rate at an initial water content of 10.3% was twice that of the initial water content of 7.8%. The ratio of breach width to depth decreased as the initial soil moisture increased before the last period. The ratio of breach width to depth after dam failure decreased with the increasing of initial soil moisture, which tended to be 1.00 and then less than 1.00 with increasing of the initial soil moisture.

Key words: initial soil moisture, natural dam, overtopping failure

CLC Number: 

  • P642.22
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