吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 443-454.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240841

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇    

考虑等待时间的多层时变网络路径规划算法

于德新1(),王胪陈1,吴新程1,2,毛建宇3,石世龙1   

  1. 1.集美大学 航海学院,福建 厦门 361021
    2.厦门海洋职业技术学院 航海学院,福建 厦门 361012
    3.桂林电子科技大学 建筑与交通工程学院,广西 桂林 541214
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-25 出版日期:2026-02-01 发布日期:2026-03-17
  • 作者简介:于德新(1972-),男,教授,博士.研究方向:智能交通系统(ITS),交通系统分析,交通安全理论与技术.E-mail: yudx@jmu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家社科基金重大项目(23&ZD138)

Multi-layer time dependent network path planning algorithm considering waiting time

De-xin YU1(),Lu-chen WANG1,Xin-cheng WU1,2,Jian-yu MAO3,Shi-long SHI1   

  1. 1.Navigation College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China
    2.Navigation College,Xiamen Ocean Vocational College,Xiamen 361012,China
    3.School of Architecture and Transportation Engineering,Guilin University of Electronic Technology,Guilin 541004,China
  • Received:2024-07-25 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-17

摘要:

为解决经典路径规划算法的两个局限性,即较少考虑多交通方式组合换乘和缺少等待时间的建模方法,以厦门市交通网络为研究对象开展研究。构建了考虑等待时间的多层网络拓扑结构;基于FINLO的特性研究,提出了不同出行方式等待时间的时间依赖建模方法;最后,将等待时间依赖函数引入基于邻接字典的二叉堆Dijkstra算法,提出了一种考虑信号控制、车辆发车间隔的等待时间的多层网络路径规划算法。研究结果表明:本文方法能综合考虑多模式交通换乘、车辆班次和信号控制的等待时间依赖特性,弥补了现有时间依赖建模的不足,与不考虑等待时间依赖特性的路径规划算法相比,总行程时间缩短了8.4%。

关键词: 交通运输工程, 时变网络, 等待时间, 多模式交通, Dijkstra算法, 路径规划

Abstract:

To address the limitations of classical path planning algorithms, which often overlook multi-modal transportation combinations and lack modeling of waiting times, a study was conducted on the transportation network in Xiamen City. The research involved constructing a multi-layer network topology that considers waiting times. Based on the characteristics of FINLO, a time-dependent modeling method for waiting times associated with different travel modes was proposed. Finally, the time-dependent waiting functions were incorporated into a multi-layer network path planning algorithm based on an adjacency dictionary and binary heap Dijkstra's algorithm. The results showed that this approach effectively considers waiting time dependencies related to multi-modal transit, vehicle schedules, and signal control. Compared to path planning algorithms that do not account for waiting time dependencies, the proposed method reduced total travel time by 8.4%.

Key words: engineering of communication and transportation system, time dependent network, waiting time, multi-model traffic, dijkstra algorithm, path planning

中图分类号: 

  • U412

图1

多层网络示意图"

图2

信号控制路口拓扑结构构建"

图3

信号控制等待时间建模"

图4

轨道发车班次与等待时间建模"

图5

公交发车班次推导"

图6

路段行程时间及周期内任意时刻出发的平均路段行程时间"

图7

时变网络示例"

图8

回溯过程"

图9

时间依赖建模流程"

算法1

FINLO网络下时变最短路算法伪代码"

输入:vs,vt,ts,G

输出:在路网G中,ts时刻从vs出发到vt的耗时最短路径和耗时

1

def FINLO-TDSP(vs,vt,ts,G):

2

vovs

3

tts

4

OPENOpen() #创建实例

5

CLOSEClose(vs) #创建实例

6

while vovt

7

for keyf in G[vo].items()

8

if key not in CLOSE.dict

9

OPEN.add(key,?(t?+?f(t),?vo))

10

if OPEN.size=0

#判断队列中元素数量

11

t

12

break

13

vo,tCLOSE.add(*OPEN.pop())

#解包并传参,返回传递的参数

14

return CLOSE.path(vt)t-ts

算法2

允许节点等待的非FINLO网络时变最短路算法伪代码(片段)"

1

Flambda?x:x+f(x)

2

valueminimize_scalar(F,bounds=(t,F(t)),method='bounds').fun

#求解F在区间内的最小函数值

3

OPEN.add(key,(min(F(t),value,F(F(t))),vo))

图10

换乘细节"

图11

网络结构及路径规划结果对比"

表1

核心参数标定"

类 型来源/设定
网络道路网络OSM
轨道网络高德地图API/OSM
公交网络8684公交查询+高德地图API+地图匹配
网络衔接道路-轨道经近邻节点搜索后连接
道路-公交经地图匹配后同一站点连接
信号控制位置经3.1节交叉口节点合并后出度、入度同时为3或4的节点
类型单口放
绿灯时间36 s/单个相位
平均速度步行/换乘4 km/h
轨道60 km/h
公交25 km/h
发车轨道6:00~22:00,6 min/趟
公交6:30~21:12,18 min/趟

表2

不同算法计算结果及时间对比"

算法OPEN表数据结构权重时变网络考虑信号控制路径耗时/h路径长度/km计算时间/s
算法1二叉堆

时间依赖函数

(4.4节)

2.6244.581.07
算法23.0848.600.46
算法3

时间依赖函数

(4.5节)

2.6244.5812.02
算法43.0848.609.37
算法5

出发时刻

路段行程时间

2.8643.490.50
算法62.9643.450.29
算法7路段实际长度10.0441.450.37
算法810.0441.450.22
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