基于虚拟现实的拖拉机变速箱装配系统设计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211359

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对拖拉机变速箱装配工艺复杂、成本高、产品开发周期长等问题，研究了基于虚拟现实的拖拉机变速箱虚拟装配技术，开发了具有沉浸感、想象性、交互性等特点的拖拉机变速箱虚拟装配系统。首先，通过研究变速箱虚拟现实模型构建方法，采用模型数据转换的方式从CAD系统提取拖拉机变速箱装配信息，在虚拟装配环境中建立拖拉机变速箱装配信息层次模型，运用Mesh合并、几何元素删减等模型预处理技术获取轻量化虚拟现实模型。其次，基于C#语言在Unity3D环境中开发虚拟装配软件，实现变速箱零部件在虚拟装配环境中的移动、旋转、定位装配、场景漫游、音效播放、零部件名称显示、装配路径规划等功能。最后，以Oculus Quest2头戴显示器为交互设备开展拖拉机变速箱装配试验。试验结果表明：本文开发的变速箱虚拟装备系统运行流畅、模型交互准确、用户操作体验良好，可缩短变速箱虚拟装配周期、降低开发成本。

关键词: 车辆工程, 虚拟现实, 变速箱装配, 模型简化, 装配路径规划

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of complex assembly process， high cost and long product development cycle of tractor gearbox， this paper studies the assembly technology of tractor gearbox based on virtual reality， and develops a virtual assembly system of tractor gearbox with characteristics of immersion， imagination and interaction. Firstly， the construction method of gearbox virtual reality model was studied， and the assembly information of tractor gearbox was extracted from CAD system by means of model data conversion， and the assembly information hierarchical model of tractor gearbox was established in the virtual assembly environment. The lightweight virtual reality model was obtained by using Mesh merging and geometric element deletion. Secondly， virtual assembly software is developed in Unity3D environment based on C# language to realize the functions of transmission parts in virtual assembly environment， such as movement， rotation， positioning assembly， scene roaming， sound playback， parts name display， assembly path planning， etc. Finally， Oculus Quest2 head-mounted display was used as interactive equipment to carry out tractor gearbox assembly test. The experimental results show that the developed gearbox virtual equipment system runs smoothly， the model interaction is accurate and the user operation experience is good， which helps to shorten the gearbox virtual assembly cycle and reduce the development cost.

Key words: vehicle engineering, virtual reality, gearbox assembly, mesh simplification, assembly path planning

中图分类号:

TP391.4

杨帆,翟志强,汪圆圆,朱忠祥,杜岳峰,毛恩荣. 基于虚拟现实的拖拉机变速箱装配系统设计[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(10): 3038-3044.

Fan YANG,Zhi-qiang ZHAI,Yuan-yuan WANG,Zhong-xiang ZHU,Yue-feng DU,En-rong MAO. Design of assembly system for tractor transmission based on virtual reality[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(10): 3038-3044.

图/表 16

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

参考文献 18

1	乔玉良. 机械装配工艺的质量问题探讨[J]. 黑龙江科学, 2014, 5(9): 235.
	Qiao Yu-liang. Discussion on quality problem of mechanical assembly process[J]. Heilongjiang Science, 2014, 5(9): 235.
2	李敏, 韩丰. 虚拟现实技术综述[J]. 软件导刊, 2010, 9(6): 142-144.
	Li Min, Han Feng. Overview of virtual reality technology[J]. Software Guide, 2010, 9(6): 142-144.
3	赵沁平. 虚拟现实综述[J]. 中国科学, 2009, 39(1): 2-46.
	Zhao Qin-ping. Overview of virtual reality[J]. Science in China, 2009, 39(1): 2-46.
4	张凤军, 戴国忠, 彭晓兰. 虚拟现实的人机交互综述[J]. 中国科学: 信息科学, 2016, 46(12): 1711-1736.
	Zhang Feng-jun, Dai Guo-zhong, Peng Xiao-lan. An overview of human-computer interaction in virtual reality[J]. Science China: Information Science, 2016, 46(12): 1711-1736.
5	宁汝新, 郑轶. 虚拟装配技术的研究进展及发展趋势分析[J].中国机械工程, 2005(15): 1398-1404.
	Ning Ru-xin, Zheng Yi. Research progress and development trend analysis of virtual assembly technology[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2005(15): 1398-1404.
6	李建广, 夏平均. 虚拟装配技术研究现状及其发展[J]. 航空制造技术, 2010(3): 34-38.
	Li Jian-guang, Xia Ping-jun. Research status and development of virtual assembly technology[J]. Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology, 2010(3): 34-38.
7	陈雁飞, 马建民, 高丽. 虚拟现实技术综述[J]. 机械制造与自动化, 2004(5): 5-7.
	Chen Yan-fei, Ma Jian-min, Gao Li. Review of virtual reality technology[J]. Machine Building & Automation, 2004(5): 5-7.
8	Mustufa H, Abidi A, Saber D, et al. Haptics assisted virtual assembly[J]. IFAC PapersOnLine, 2015, 48(3): 100-105.
9	Gonzalez-Badillo G, Medellin-Castillo H I, Lim T. Development of a haptic virtual reality system for assembly planning and evaluation[J]. Procedia Technology, 2013, 7: 265-272.
10	甘豪. 四挡变速器虚拟装配平台的构建[J]. 装备机械, 2019(4): 35-38.
	Gan Hao. Construction of virtual assembly platform for four-speed transmission[J]. Equipment Machinery, 2019(4): 35-38.
11	杨锟, 刘继红. 面向虚拟装配的装配建模技术[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2001(2): 305-308.
	Yang Kun, Liu Ji-hong. Assembly modeling technology for virtual assembly[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2001(2): 305-308.
12	刘文剑, 金天国. 产品自顶向下设计的研究现状及发展方向[J]. 计算机集成制造系统, 2002(1): 1-7.
	Liu Wen-jian, Jin Tian-guo. Research status and development direction of top-down product design[J]. Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems, 2002 (1): 1-7.
13	刘振宇, 谭建荣, 张树有. 面向虚拟装配的产品层次信息表达研究[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2001, (3): 223-228.
	Liu Zhen-yu, Tan Jian-rong, Zhang Shu-you. The multi level representation of production information for virtual assembly[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2001(3): 223-228.
14	冯文雯, 陈珝玥, 余虹亮, 等. 基于约束Delaunay三角形多视3D重建[J]. 计算机应用与软件, 2017, 34(7): 120-124.
	Feng Wen-wen, Chen Yu-yue, Yu Hong-liang, et al. Multi-view 3D reconstruction of delaunay triangle based on constraint[J]. Computer Applications and Software,2017, 34(7): 120-124.
15	胡海鹤. 三维网格模型简化技术研究[D]. 洛阳: 河南科技大学, 2007.
	Hu Hai-he. Research on simplification technology of 3D model grid[D]. Luoyang: Henan University of Science and Technology, 2007.
16	干智峰. 基于AABB包围盒的双机械臂避碰技术的研究[J]. 科技视界, 2020(17): 95-98.
	Gan Zhi-feng. Research on collision avoidance technology of double manipulator based on AABB bounding box[J]. Science and Technology Vision, 2020(17): 95-98.
17	马登武, 叶文,李瑛. 基于包围盒的碰撞检测算法综述[J]. 系统仿真学报, 2006(4): 1058-1061, 1064.
	Ma Deng-wu, Ye Wen, Li Ying. Survey of Box-based algorithms for collision detection[J]. Journal of System Simulation, 2006(4): 1058-1061, 1064.
18	郑轶, 宁汝新, 刘检华, 等. 交互式虚拟装配路径规划及优选方法研究[J]. 中国机械工程, 2006(11): 1153-1156.
	Zheng Yi, Ning Ru-xin, Liu Jian-hua, et al. Researchon interactive virtual assembly path planning and optimization method[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2006(11): 1153-1156.

相关文章 15

[1]	陈兆玮,蒲前华. 弹性车轮对大跨斜拉桥车桥耦合振动的抑制特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(9): 2519-2532.
[2]	刘平义,李晓婷,高偌霖,李海涛,魏文军,王亚. 车辆侧倾驱动机构设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(8): 2185-2192.
[3]	黄学劲,钟锦星,路京雨,赵霁,肖伟,袁新枚. 基于用户画像的电动汽车充电负荷预测方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(8): 2193-2200.
[4]	张树培,夏明悦,张玮,陈钊,陈义祥. 考虑非线性刚度的间隙球铰碰撞动力学建模与仿真[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(8): 2227-2235.
[5]	陈辉,邵亚军. 基于惯性基准多传感器耦合的路面谱测量方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(8): 2254-2262.
[6]	陈磊,王杨,董志圣,宋亚奇. 一种基于转向意图的车辆敏捷性控制策略[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1257-1263.
[7]	陈鑫,张冠宸,赵康明,王佳宁,杨立飞,司徒德蓉. 搭接焊缝对铝合金焊接结构轻量化设计的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1282-1288.
[8]	张勇,毛凤朝,刘水长,王青妤,潘神功,曾广胜. 基于Laplacian算法的汽车外流场畸变网格优化[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1289-1296.
[9]	汪少华,储堃,施德华,殷春芳,李春. 基于有限时间扩张状态观测的HEV鲁棒复合协调控制[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1272-1281.
[10]	尹燕莉,黄学江,潘小亮,王利团,詹森,张鑫新. 基于PID与Q⁃Learning的混合动力汽车队列分层控制[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1481-1489.
[11]	于贵申,陈鑫,武子涛,陈轶雄,张冠宸. AA6061⁃T6铝薄板无针搅拌摩擦点焊接头结构及性能分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1338-1344.
[12]	田彦涛,黄兴,卢辉遒,王凯歌,许富强. 基于注意力与深度交互的周车多模态行为轨迹预测[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(5): 1474-1480.
[13]	杨红波,史文库,陈志勇,郭年程,赵燕燕. 基于NSGA⁃II的斜齿轮宏观参数多目标优化[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(4): 1007-1018.
[14]	赵睿,李云,胡宏宇,高镇海. 基于V2I通信的交叉口车辆碰撞预警方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(4): 1019-1029.
[15]	陈小波,陈玲. 定位噪声统计特性未知的变分贝叶斯协同目标跟踪[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(4): 1030-1039.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed