基于大涡模拟的离散格式改进方法及应用

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180861

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

应用大涡模拟（LES）进行计算流体力学（CFD）数值仿真时，高阶离散格式虽然能够提高数值精度，但更高网格分辨率的要求会大大提高计算量。对现有离散格式进行合理改进，建立更高效率和精度的离散格式，能够在降低网格要求的同时保证数值精度。本文基于Gauss linear和Upwind两种常用离散格式，混合建立一种改进离散格式。基于类车体Dshap算例试验结果，对比分析3种离散格式下大涡模拟的仿真结果表明，经过改进的离散格式具有更高的求解精度和收敛性。进一步应用经过改进的离散格式，采用大涡模拟分析不同离地间隙下类车体Dshap的外流场特性，结果表明：地面的存在能够提高模型的气动稳定性；合适的离地间隙能够使模型在保持较低气动阻力的同时降低气动升力。本文方法可以为大涡模拟车外流场提供重要参考，具有较强的工程实际意义。

关键词: 车辆工程, 离散格式, 大涡模拟, 地面效应, 计算流体力学

Abstract:

In the application of large eddy simulation in CFD numerical simulation, higher-order discrete schemes can improve the numerical accuracy, but higher mesh resolution need will greatly increase the computational complexity. By improving the existing discrete schemes reasonably to establish more efficient and accurate discrete schemes, the numerical accuracy can be guaranteed with lower requirements of mesh resolution. In this paper, based on two commonly used discrete schemes of Gauss linear and upwind, an improved discrete scheme is established. Based on the experimental results of Dshap, the simulation results of large eddy simulation under the three discrete schemes are compared and analyzed. The comparison results show that the improved discrete scheme is more efficient and accurate. Further, the improved discrete scheme is applied to analyze the outflow field of Dshap under different ground clearance. The analysis shows that the ground can improve aerodynamic performance of the model, and appropriate ground clearance can provide the model a lower aerodynamic drag while reducing the aerodynamic lift. The research of the improved discrete scheme in this paper may provide an reference for the application of large eddy simulation in vehicle external flow field simulation.

Key words: vehicle engineering, discrete schemes, large eddy simulation（LES）, ground effect, computational fluid dynamics（CFD）

中图分类号:

U461.1

陈鑫,阮新建,李铭,王宁,王佳宁,潘凯旋. 基于大涡模拟的离散格式改进方法及应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(6): 1756-1763.

Xin CHEN,Xin-jian RUAN,Ming LI,Ning WANG,Jia-ning WANG,Kai-xuan PAN. Application of modified discrete scheme based onlarge eddy simulation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1756-1763.

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离散格式	C _d	S _t
Gauss linear	0.78	0.225
Upwind	0.81	0.229
Lust	0.75	0.227
试验^[13]	0.73	0.221

	C _p	C _v	C _l	S _t
L/D=0.4	1.680	0.137	0.162	0.273
L/D=0.8	1.690	0.128	0.146	0.264
L/D=1.2	1.620	0.119	0.156	0.276
L/D=1.6	0.871	0.096	0.136	0.271