钢铝异质自冲铆接头剥离失效仿真

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20181075

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究钢铝自冲铆接头剥离失效行为，对5754铝合金和Q235钢异质自冲铆接头进行了剥离试验及仿真研究。建立了基于MMC失效准则的T型自冲铆接头有限元模型，对两种接头在剥离工况下的拉伸失效过程进行仿真，对比试验结果验证了有限元模型的可靠性，并对接头的剥离失效行为进行了分析。研究结果表明：建立的有限元模型能表征接头在剥离工况下的失效形式及力学性能；铝-钢接头因上板与铆钉分离失效，剥离过程中加载侧钉脚和钉头区域易产生应力集中，上板加载侧铆孔区域最先发生失效；钢-铝接头失效形式为铆钉与下板分离，剥离过程中加载侧钉头边缘及钉脚内壁区域易出现应力集中，下板铆扣区域发生脱层损伤，脱层损伤区域向非加载侧铆扣区域扩展。

关键词: 车辆工程, 自冲铆, MMC失效模型, 剥离仿真, 失效行为

Abstract:

In order to study the peeling failure behavior of steel-aluminum self-piercing riveted (SPR) joints, peeling tests and simulation studies were carried out on two kinds of dissimilar SPR joints in 5754 aluminum alloy and Q235 steel sheets. The finite element model of T-type SPR joint was established based on the modified Mohr-Coulomb (MMC) failure criterion. The tensile failure process of the two joints under peeling condition was simulated. The reliability of the finite element model was verified by comparing test and simulation results, and the peeling failure behavior of the joint was analyzed. The results show that the joint has better mechanical properties when the steel sheet is used as the lower sheet, and the finite element model can better predict the failure mode and mechanical properties of the joint under peeling condition. The failure mode of the aluminum-steel joint is the separation of the rivet from the upper sheet, the stress concentration is located at the rivet tail and rivet head area of the loaded side during the peeling process, and the riveted area of the upper sheet at unloaded side first failed. The failure mode of the steel-aluminum joint is the separation of the rivet from the lower sheet, the stress concentration is located at the edge of rivet head and inside of rivet tail of the loaded side during the peeling process. Delamination damage occurred in the rivet area of the bottom sheet, and the delamination damage region extended to the rivet area of the unloaded side.

Key words: vehicle engineering, self-piercing riveting, MMC failure model, peeling simulation, failure behavior

中图分类号:

U270.4

庄蔚敏,刘洋,王鹏跃,施宏达,徐纪栓. 钢铝异质自冲铆接头剥离失效仿真[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(6): 1826-1835.

Wei-min ZHUANG,Yang LIU,Peng-yue WANG,Hong-da SHI,Ji-shuan XU. Simulation on peeling failure of self⁃piercing riveted joints insteel and aluminum alloy dissimilar sheets[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1826-1835.

图/表 24

表1

图1

图2

图3

表2

图4

图5

表3

图6

表4

表5

材料的MMC模型参数"

材料	$c 1$	$c 2$	$c 3$	LSE
5754铝合金	0.013	2.172	0.935	0.002 2
Q235钢	0.054	1.989	0.933	0.000 1

表5

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

图17

图18

图19

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接头	静失效载荷		最大位移
接头	均值/N	标准差	均值/mm	标准差
铝-钢	954	43.77	18.3	0.91
钢-铝	1142	57.67	22.9	1.26

参数	5754铝合金	Q235钢
A/MPa	242.9	605.3
n	0.19	0.271
C	86.1	206.6

材料	试件类型	应力三轴度	罗德角参数	断裂应变
5754铝合金	单向拉伸	0.394	0.835	0.535
	剪切试件	0.046	0.061	0.432
	缺口10 mm	0.539	0.305	0.421
	缺口6.67 mm	0.561	0.204	0.410
Q235钢	单向拉伸	0.396	0.852	0.771
	剪切试件	0.075	0.010	0.752
	缺口10 mm	0.517	0.404	0.663
	缺口6.67 mm	0.556	0.351	0.646