基于温度补偿气隙宽度的电磁制动器

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20161326

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出了一种能根据温升情况自动调整气隙宽度，进而保证电磁制动力稳定性的新型结构的电磁制动器。建立了电磁制动器导热模型、气隙宽度模型和电磁制动力矩模型。以电磁制动力矩为目标函数优化了电磁制动器的结构参数，包括气隙宽度、铁芯和热变形件尺寸。在ANSYS中建立了电磁制动器的有限元模型，以下长坡和紧急制动工况为例，研究了电磁制动器的温度变化情况。在Matlab中分析了电磁制动器气隙宽度的变化情况，比较了在完成同一个制动任务时，新、旧两种电磁制动器对通入电流大小的不同要求。分析结果表明：新型结构电磁制动器的气隙宽度设计值为0.4~1 mm，在长下坡持续制动和紧急制动工况中可以稳定工作，电磁制动力矩得到显著提高。

关键词: 车辆工程, 电磁制动, 气隙, 温度补偿, 结构参数优化

Abstract:

An electromagnetic brake with new structure was studied in this paper. The electromagnetic braking torque can be improved as the air gap width can self-regulate with the change of temperature. The heat conduction model, air gap width model and electromagnetic braking torque model were established. The structure parameters of the electromagnetic brake were optimized, including the air gap width, the size of the iron-core and the thermal-deformation component. The finite element model of the electromagnetic brake was established in ANSYS, which was used to research the temperature change of the brake. The long downhill condition and emergency braking condition were studied by simulation. The change of the air gap width was analyzed in Matlab. The current requirement of the new electromagnetic brake was compared with that of an old brake in the same brake task. The results show that increasing the air gap width of the self-regulation structure, the new electromagnetic brake can smoothly work in the long downhill braking condition and emergency braking condition, when the air gap width is 0.4 mm to 1 mm. The brake torque of the new electromagnetic brake is increased significantly.

Key words: vehicle engineering, electromagnetic brake, air gap, temperature compensation, structural parameters optimize

中图分类号:

U463.53

何仁,涂琨. 基于温度补偿气隙宽度的电磁制动器[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(6): 1777-1785.

Ren HE,Kun TU. Electromagnetic brake with changed⁃temperature air gap width[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1777-1785.

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参数	碳钢	铝合金
导热系数/[W·(m·℃)^-1]	52.3	162
比热容/[Cal·(kg·℃)^-1]	460	871
密度/(kg·m^-3)	7 850	2 660
线膨胀系数/(10^-4·℃^-1)	13	23.8
弹性模量/GPa	206	70
泊松比μ	0.28	0.36

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