Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (6): 1786-1794.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180403

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Simulation and control of pollution on automobile body surface during wading

Li XIN1(),Wei LAN2,Jiang LIU1,Qin-lin WAN1,Peng GUO1,Xing-jun HU2(),Yang XIAO2   

  1. 1. College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    2. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
  • Received:2018-04-26 Online:2019-11-01 Published:2019-11-08
  • Contact: Xing-jun HU E-mail:xinli1126@163.com;hxj@jlu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

This research aims to solve the problems of vehicle soiling during wading and a modified square-back MIRA model is selected as the research object. The discrete phase model and Eulerian wall film are used to obtain the droplet trajectory and vehicle surface pollution distribution and to analyze the mechanism of surface contamination. Based on the original model, three improvements were proposed, the bottom spoiler, top tail deflector and wheel house shield, to change the structure of the flow field so as to change the droplet trajectory and reduce the surface contamination of the vehicle body. Simulation results show that the top tail deflector can better control the flow direction, thereby reducing the degree of contamination in a specific area. The bottom spoiler changes the shape of the wake and reduces the contamination of the back surface. The wheel house shield reduces the number of droplets flying out of the wheel cavity, effectively reducing body side wall contamination.

Key words: automotive aerodynamics, wheel splash and spray, discrete phase model, eulerian wall film, vehicle soiling

CLC Number: 

  • U461.1

Fig.1

MIRA model"

Fig.2

Standard square back MIRA model and modified square back MIRA model"

Fig.3

Polyhedral mesh around the body and wheel cavity"

Fig.4

Body area division"

Fig.5

Body surface pollution of modified squareback MIRA model"

Table 1

R p value of the back region of modifiedsquare back MIRA model"

区域 污染像素数 总像素数 R p
Z 1 1 092 103 504 0.011
Z 2 45 316 169 803 0.267
Z 46 408 273 307 0.170
Y 1 1 138 103 503 0.011
Y 2 42 252 169 807 0.249
Y 43 390 273 310 0.159
H 1 16 399 131 438 0.125
H 2 12 547 46 734 0.268
H 3 3 425 25 953 0.132
H 44 455 305 036 0.146

Fig.6

Holistic view of droplet trajectory"

Fig.7

Rewinding of droplet track in the wake area"

Fig.8

Droplet trajectories near the right rear wheel"

Fig.9

Streamline graph in longitudinalsymmetric plane"

Fig.10

Velocity vector graph and scalar graphin z=0 section"

Fig.11

Velocity vector graph and scalar graphin z=330 mm section"

Fig.12

Control measures"

Fig.13

Body pollution pattern after addingbottom spoiler"

Table 2

R p value of body area after addingbottom spoiler"

区域

污染

像素

总像

素数

 改型R p 基础R p ΔR p ΔR p/%
Z 1 1 082 103 504 0.010 0.011 -0.000 -0.92
Z 2 35 877 169 803 0.211 0.267 -0.056 -20.83
Z 36 959 273 307 0.135 0.170 -0.035 -20.36
Y 1 1 147 103 503 0.011 0.011 0.000 0.79
Y 2 35 699 169 807 0.210 0.249 -0.039 -15.51
Y 36 846 273 310 0.135 0.159 -0.024 -15.09
H 1 6 038 131 438 0.046 0.125 -0.079 -63.18
H 2 11 092 46 734 0.237 0.268 -0.031 -11.60
H 3 1 021 25 953 0.039 0.132 -0.093 -70.19
H 26 881 305 036 0.088 0.146 -0.058 -39.53

Fig.14

Tail velocity distribution of basic typeand modified type"

Fig.15

Body pollution pattern after addingthe top tail deflector"

Table 3

R p value of the body area after addingtop tail deflector"

区域

污染

像素

总像

素数

 改型R p 基础R p ΔR p ΔR p/%
Z 1 1 423 103 504 0.014 0.011 0.003 30.31
Z 2 46 784 169 803 0.276 0.267 0.009 3.24
Z 48 207 273 307 0.176 0.170 0.006 3.88
Y 1 1 255 103 503 0.012 0.011 0.001 10.28
Y 2 45 434 169 807 0.268 0.249 0.019 7.53
Y 46 689 273 310 0.171 0.159 0.012 7.60
H 1 12 052 131 438 0.092 0.125 -0.033 -26.51
H 2 12 996 46 734 0.278 0.268 0.010 3.58
H 3 4 939 25 953 0.190 0.132 0.058 44.20
H 53 592 305 036 0.176 0.146 0.030 20.55

Fig.16

Tail velocity distribution of the basic type and modified type"

Table 4

R p value of the body area afteradding the wheel house shield"

区域

污染

像素

总像

素数

 改型R p 基础R p ΔR p ΔR p/%
Z 1 1 580 103 504 0.015 0.011 0.005 44.69
Z 2 22 244 169 803 0.131 0.267 -0.136 -50.91
Z 23 824 273 307 0.087 0.170 -0.083 -48.66
Y 1 1 597 103 503 0.015 0.011 0.004 40.33
Y 2 21 917 169 807 0.129 0.249 -0.120 -48.13
Y 23 514 273 310 0.086 0.159 -0.073 -45.81
H 1 25 327 131 438 0.193 0.125 0.068 54.44
H 2 16 977 46 734 0.363 0.268 0.095 35.31
H 3 4 750 25 953 0.183 0.132 0.051 38.69
H 67 975 305 036 0.223 0.146 0.077 52.91

Fig.17

Body pollution pattern after addingwheel house shields"

Fig.18

Droplet trajectory near the right front wheel of the basic type and modified type"

Table 5

Comparison of different programs"

模型 正投影/m2 阻力值/N 阻力系数
基础型 1.848 168.93 0.302
底部扰流板 1.848 178.04 0.319
顶部导流片 1.884 206.62 0.362
轮罩护板 1.858 170.02 0.302
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