精神障碍住院患者的流行病学特征及相关危险因素分析

J4 ›› 2011, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (2): 375-378.

精神障碍住院患者的流行病学特征及相关危险因素分析

闫莉|谢冰|姚燕|马琳|王诗镔|李卓林|王崇|牛克珍|李涛|于雅琴

1.吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室,吉林长春 130021;2.山东省烟台市心理康复医院精神科|山东莱阳 265200

收稿日期:2010-10-09 出版日期:2011-03-28 发布日期:2011-03-28
通讯作者: 于雅琴(Tel:0431-85619437,E-mail:yuyaqin5540@163.com) E-mail:yuyaqin5540@163.com
作者简介:闫莉(1983-),女,吉林省长春市人,在读医学博士|主要从事精神卫生流行病学方面的研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助课题（30972536/H2610）

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of inpatients with mental disorders and |relevant risk factors

YAN Li¹,XIE Bing¹,YAO Yan¹,MA Lin¹,WANG Shi-bin¹,LI Zhuo-lin¹,WANG Chong¹,NIU Ke-zhen²|YU Ya-qin¹

1.Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China;2. Department of Psychology, Yantai Psychological Rehabilitation Hospital, Laiyang 265200,China

Received:2010-10-09 Online:2011-03-28 Published:2011-03-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

[摘要] 目的：探讨精神障碍住院患者病种构成及精神分裂症、心境障碍和癔症3种主要精神疾病的流行病学特征，并分析其相关危险因素。方法：采用自行设计的调查问卷以中国精神障碍分类诊断标准第2版修订本为标准，对2008-2010年烟台地区住院精神障碍患者的2 453份病历进行统计分析。结果：住院患者女性多于男性，男女比为0.74∶1，住院患者平均年龄（38.74±15.45）岁，平均发病年龄(35.98±16.08)岁，女性发病年龄高于男性（P＜0.001)。病种构成中居于前3位的依次是精神分裂症（45.1%）、心境障碍（26.3%）和癔症（7.8%）。三者比较，精神分裂症的发病年龄最早（P＜0.001）。与精神分裂症比较,癔症患者文化程度较低、多无吸烟及饮酒史，而常具有疾病既往史和因诱因起病（P＜0.05）；与精神分裂症比较，心境障碍患者以城市人群居多，由诱因引起，且有疾病既往史和饮酒史（P＜0.05）。结论：不同种类精神疾病患者具有不同的发病特征,应采取有针对性的预防和治疗措施来降低和减缓疾病的发生及发展。

关键词: 精神分裂症；心境障碍；癔症；住院患者；发病特征

Abstract:

Abstract:Objective To investigate the types of the mental disorders and the disease characteristics of schizophrenia,mood disorder,hysteria in inpatients and analyze their relevant risk factors. Methods A total of 2 453 clinical records of mental disorders inpatients according to CCMD-II-R were collected in Yantai from 2008 to 2010 by self-designed questionnaire. Results The number of female patients was more than male patients,and the male to female ratio was 0.74∶1 The average age of inpatients was （38.74±15.45） years,the average age of onset was (35.98±16.08) years.The male patients had earlier onset age than female (P<0. 001). The proportions of schizophrenia,mood disorder and hysteria were 45.1%,26.3%, and 7.8%. The schizophrenia inpatients had first onset among the three diseases. The hysteria inpatients had the lower education,and were more likely to have disease history and causes,and had less smoking and less drinking than the schizophrenia inpatients (P<0.05). The mooed disorder inpatients had more people who lived in city or town,they wer more likely to have disease history,drinking history and causes(P<0.05). Conclusion The different mental disorder inpatients have different disease characteristics. More specific easurements of prevention and treatment for decreasing occurrence of this disease are needed.

Key words: schizophrenia;mood disorder;hysteria;inpatients;disease charateristic

中图分类号:

R181.2

闫莉|谢冰|姚燕|马琳|王诗镔|李卓林|王崇|牛克珍|李涛|于雅琴. 精神障碍住院患者的流行病学特征及相关危险因素分析[J]. J4, 2011, 37(2): 375-378.

YAN Li,XIE Bing,YAO Yan,MA Lin,WANG Shi-bin,LI Zhuo-lin,WANG Chong,YU Ya-qin. Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of inpatients with mental disorders and |relevant risk factors[J]. J4, 2011, 37(2): 375-378.