基于纳米压痕试验的沥青油膜微观力学特征

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20250203

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

选取4种不同类型的沥青混合料（AC?25、AC?13、AM?13、OGFC?13）进行纳米压痕试验，探究沥青油膜在沥青混合料中的分布特征。试验结果表明，沥青油膜是普遍存在于沥青混合料内（杨氏模量为13~17 GPa，厚度在2~7 μm范围内）紧附于集料颗粒表面的结构层。沥青油膜的承载能力介于集料颗粒和沥青之间，抗变形能力较差，易发生塑性变形，且在卸载后无法完全恢复。虽然沥青油膜中普遍存在纳米级孔隙，但其力学性能主要由其他因素决定。本文提出了沥青油膜的脱层模型，脱层模型揭示了在加载-卸载循环下，沥青油膜与集料颗粒及沥青之间力学响应不同步导致沥青油膜从集料颗粒表面脱落的破坏机理。

关键词: 道路工程, 沥青油膜, 纳米压痕试验, 杨氏模量, 微观力学特征, 脱层模型

Abstract:

This study selected four different types of asphalt mixtures（AC-25， AC-13， AM-13， OGFC-13） and conducted nanoindentation testing to investigate the distribution characteristics of asphalt binder films within the mixtures. The test results indicated that asphalt binder films are widely present in asphalt mixtures， with an elastic modulus ranging from 13 to 17 GPa and a thickness between 2-7 μm. These films form a structural layer that closely adheres to the surface of aggregate particles. The asphalt binder film exhibits a load-bearing capacity intermediate between that of aggregate particles and asphalt， but with poor resistance to deformation. It tends to undergo plastic deformation and cannot fully recover after unloading. Although nanoscale pores are commonly present within the binder film， its micromechanical properties are primarily determined by other factors. This paper proposes a Delamination Model for the asphalt binder film， which reveals the failure mechanism whereby， under loading-unloading cycles， the mechanical responses of the binder film， aggregates， and asphalt are not synchronized， leading to the detachment of the binder film from the aggregate surface.

Key words: road engineering, asphalt binder films, nanoindentation testing, Young's modulus, micromechanical properties, delamination model

中图分类号:

U414

王莹,李淑明,蔡易辰,袁玉卿. 基于纳米压痕试验的沥青油膜微观力学特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2026, 56(9): 2373-2381.

Ying WANG,Shu-ming LI,Yi-chen CAI,Yu-qing YUAN. Micromechanical characterization of asphalt films based on nanoindentation testing[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2026, 56(9): 2373-2381.

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级配类型	筛孔孔径/mm			油石比/%
级配类型	4.75	2.36	0.075	油石比/%
AC?25	41.3	30.5	5.6	3.5
AC?13	54.7	38.8	5.9	4.0
AM?13	24.2	15.6	4.1	4.0
OGFC?13	24.3	14.9	4.3	4.0

试验项目	石灰岩
压碎值/%	11.8
洛杉矶磨耗损失/%	17.8
表观相对密度/（t·m^-3）	2.791
坚固性/%	8.2
吸水率/%	0.31
针片状质量分数/%	10.1
矿粉质量分数（水洗法）/%	0.65
软石质量分数/%	1.56

基性性能		数值
针入度（25 ℃，100 g，5 s），0.1 mm		68.7
软化点（环球法）/℃		52.3
粘度（135 ℃）/（Pa·s）		0.425
溶解度/%		99.7
闪点（COC）/℃		277
密度/（g·cm^-3）		1.022
延度（5 cm/min，15℃）/cm		>150
薄膜加热试验（163 ℃，5 h）	质量变化/%	0.2
	残余针入度比/%	77
	延度（15 ℃）/cm	59

AC25		AC13		OGFC13		AM13
Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅰ	Ⅱ
1	9	2	9	2	7	3	14