湖相致密油资源地球化学评价技术和应用

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201602108

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

湖相致密油或页岩油资源量和可采性评价关键问题:一是在什么地方;二是有多少;三是有多少可采出。本文讨论了解决这3个问题的关键性地质技术和理论。湖相致密油勘探层空间分布识别的关键是高有机丰度源岩层段和含油夹层精细识别。利用源岩测井地球化学评价技术可识别出湖相地层中不同w(TOC)区间的源岩层段,利用氢指数(I_H)与w(TOC)的相关性,可实现湖相源岩层非均质性精细表征。湖相致密油勘探层油的赋存形式分为两类:一是致密油勘探层中砂岩、粉砂岩和碳酸盐岩夹层中的油,呈游离态;二是富有机质源岩中的油,包括了吸附态和游离态。吸附油在目前的技术条件下难以开采,现阶段真正有工业价值的是游离油。根据实际地球化学数据可标定出源岩中游离油量和吸附油量模型,从而可计算出游离油量、吸附油量和总原地油量。致密油流动性控制了其可采性,而源岩成熟度和生烃转化率是控制烃类流动性的关键。利用湖相高丰度源岩(w(TOC)>2%)I_H演化可较高精度地标定源岩的成熟度和转化率。以泌阳盆地为例展示了如何从源岩生烃模型和实际岩石热解数据预测页岩油的流动性。

关键词: 致密油, 页岩油, 游离油, 吸附油, 流动性, 泌阳盆地, 地球化学

Abstract:

The three key isssues of the assessment of lacustrine tight oil or shale oil plays are:firstly, where it is (spatial distribution)? secondly, how much original oil existed in-place? and thirdly, how much oil can be produced (mobility of residual hydrocarbon). This paper discusses the geological theory and key technology to solve the forementioned three questions. The key to delineate lacustine tight oil or shale oil plays is refined as the characterization of organic-rich source rock intervals and oil sandwiche. Various source rock intervals can be identified by integrated well logging and geochemical assessment technology with SR-logR, an improved ΔlogR algorithm, and to represent the heterogeneity of lacustrine source rocks by using the positive correlation between hydrogen index I_H and w(TOC). Hydrocarbon in lacustrine tight oil or shale oil plays can be splitted into two parts:free oil and adsorbed oil. The former mainly occurs in the various scale interbedded tight reservoir layers within the shale plays, and minor exists in the organic matters enriched intervals; the latter is mainly located in the organic matters enriched intervals in the shale plays. Only free oil has an economical value because the adsorbed oil cannot be produced according to the present exploitation technology. The quantitative model of free oil and adsorbed oil in source rock can be calibrated with practical geochemical data to calulate the amount of free oil, adsorbed oil, and original oil in-place. The recovery ratio of tight oil or shale oil depends on the hydrocarbon mobility, which is controlled by maturity or hydrocarbon conversion rates. Hydrogen index of organic-rich source rocks (w(TOC) more than 2%) and the modified models are recommended to refine maturity or conversion rate. A case study from Biyang basin has been provided to show how to predict hydrocarbon mobility trend from hydrocarbon generation model and practical Rock-Eval data.

Key words: tight oil, shale oil, free oil, adsorbed oil, mobility, Biyang basin, geochemical

中图分类号:

P618.13

王飞宇, 冯伟平, 关晶, 贺志勇. 湖相致密油资源地球化学评价技术和应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2016, 46(2): 388-397.

Wang Feiyu, Feng Weiping, Guan Jing, He Zhiyong. Geochemical Assessment of Lacustrine Tight Oil and Application[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2016, 46(2): 388-397.

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