湘西-黔东地区铅锌矿床找矿模型与定量预测

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20180216

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 湘西-黔东地区位于扬子陆块东南缘，已发现铅锌矿床（点）200余处，是中国重要铅锌资源战略接续区之一。对该地区铅锌矿床控矿因素与找矿标志的研究结果表明：铅锌矿床受地层、岩相、构造三者的综合控制，即特定的地层岩性组合、台地边缘中缓坡相、区域性断裂和背斜及次生或派生裂隙构造为主要控矿因素；含菱锌矿或褐铁矿的氧化露头，方解石化、黄铁矿化、重晶石化或沥青化等围岩蚀变，Pb、Zn、Cd、CaO、Hg单元素化探异常及Pb-Zn-Cd元素组合化探异常为该地区铅锌矿床的主要找矿标志。综合控矿因素与找矿标志研究结果，构建了研究区铅锌矿床的地质-地球化学找矿模型，并以此模型为基础，在GIS平台上利用特征分析法进行了综合信息矿产定量预测。根据研究区铅锌矿床预测单元联系度等值线图，圈定出A级找矿远景区2个和B级找矿远景区2个，提出松桃、镇远—铜仁、都匀—凯里地区应作为后续铅锌找矿勘查工作重点区。

关键词: 控矿因素, 找矿标志, 找矿模型, 定量预测, 铅锌矿床, 湘西-黔东

Abstract: The western Hunan and eastern Guizhou are located in the southeast margin of the Yangtze craton,where more than 200 Pb-Zn deposits/occurrences are developed. It is one of the important successive strategic bases of Pb-Zn resources in China. In this district, a systematic study is conducted on ore controlling factors and prospecting indicators of Pb-Zn deposits. The Pb-Zn deposits are jointly controlled by stratum, lithofacies, and structures, specifically the lithology assemblages, middle shallow ramp facies, regional faults, anticline, secondary faults,and fractures. The important prospecting indicators of Pb-Zn deposits in this district mainly include oxidation outcrop containing limonite or smithsonite, hydrothermal alterations of calcilization, pyritization, baratization,and bituminization, Pb, Zn, Cd, CaO, Hg geochemical anomalies, and Pb-Zn-Cd combination geochemical anomaly. On the basis of the comprehensive analyses of controlling factors and prospecting indicators, the authors build a geological-geochemical regional prospecting model, which is helpful to conduct comprehensive quantitative prediction by using characteristic analysis method on the GIS platform. According to the prospecting probability contour map of Pb-Zn deposits, two first-class ore prospective areas and two second-class ore prospective areas are delineated. The authors suggest that Songtao, Zhenyuan-Tongren and Duyun-Kaili are the most potential areas for further exploration.

Key words: controlling factors, prospecting indicators, prospecting model, quantitative prediction, Pb-Zn deposits, western Hunan and eastern Guizhou

中图分类号:

P612

李堃, 刘飞, 刘凯, 赵少瑞, 汤朝阳, 段其发. 湘西-黔东地区铅锌矿床找矿模型与定量预测[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2020, 50(3): 825-841.

Li Kun, Liu Fei, Liu Kai, Zhao Shaorui, Tang Zhaoyang, Duan Qifa. Prospecting Model and Quantitative Prediction of Pb-Zn Deposits in Western Hunan and Eastern Guizhou[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2020, 50(3): 825-841.

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