珠江口西部海域表层沉积物重金属元素多尺度空间变化特征

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201506117

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

笔者应用因子克里格分析方法,研究了珠江口西部海域388个表层沉积物中7种重金属元素Cd, Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr和As的空间结构特征,识别并分离了重金属元素不同尺度的空间主成分及其分布特征,探讨了不同空间尺度重金属的物源及控制因素。结果显示,研究区7种重金属元素在空间上存在块金尺度、局部尺度(变程为60 km的球状结构)和区域尺度(变程为160 km的球状结构)3种尺度的空间变化。以迭代算法模拟了研究区重金属元素线性协同区域化模型。根据不同尺度上区域化因子的主成分得分分布特征可知:局部尺度上,F₁因子(Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu)和F₂因子(As)的高值区表现为"牛眼"状局部特征,并分布在陆地沿海的河口或者港湾区,指示了可能受人为污染成分影响的重金属区域。其中,雷州半岛东部沿海是最可能的重金属污染区,其空间分布主要受控于局部的地形、海流等因素。F₂因子不同于F₁的空间分布,主要在于As不同于Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu等的地球化学行为。区域尺度上,F₁(Zn,Cr,Ni)和F₂(As)因子主要反映了不同陆源母岩物质的影响。Zn,Cr,Ni等主要源于华南大陆陆源母岩物质,而As主要受到海南岛陆源母岩物质的控制。F₁和F₂因子得分高值区整体上表现为NNE向自陆地向较深海域延伸的"片状"分布特征,推测其主要受到海平面变化及NNE向区域性海洋环流的控制。

关键词: 多尺度空间变化, 重金属, 因子克里格分析, 珠江口西部海域

Abstract:

A factorial kriging analysis was conducted on seven heavy metal elements, Cd, Ni,Cu,Zn,Pb,Cr,As, of 388 surface samples collected from western Pearl River Estuary to study the spatial structure characteristics of the heavy metal elements, identify and separate spatial principal components at different spatial scales, and discuss the provenance of heavy metal elements and the influencing factors.The results show that the heavy metals exist spatially in three scales: nugget scale, spherical structure with a range of 60 km (local scale), and spherical structure with a range of 160 km (regional scale).According to the distribution of the regional factor(F₁ and F₂) score, high-value areas of F₁(Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu)and F₂(As)at local scale reflect "bull-eye like" distribution in estuary and harbor of coastal land. This suggests the potential anthropogenic pollution area of Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu and As. The eastern coast of Leizhou Peninsula is most likely the area of heavy metal pollution. The spatial distribution of the heavy metal elements at local scale is dominated by the local terrain or current; and their different spatial distribution between As and Zn,Cr,Ni,Cu is due to their different element geochemical behavior. The regional factors F₁(Zn, Cr, Ni)and F₂(As)at regional scale indicate the influence of terrigenous parent rock,in which Zn,Cr,Ni are derived primarily from the parent rock from the mainland of South China;while As is derived primarily from the parent rock of Hainan Island.The high-value areas of F₁ and F₂ at regional scale show "slice-like" distribution extending from coast towards deeper sea overall in NNE direction; which is due to sea-level changes and the regional ocean circulation in NNE direction.

Key words: spatial multi-scale variability, heavy metals, factorial kriging analysis, western Pearl River Estuary

中图分类号:

P595

赵建如, 初凤友, 金路, 杨克红, 葛倩. 珠江口西部海域表层沉积物重金属元素多尺度空间变化特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(6): 1772-1780.

Zhao Jianru, Chu Fengyou, Jin Lu, Yang Kehong, Ge Qian. Spatial Multi-Scale Variability of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Western Pearl River Estuary[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(6): 1772-1780.

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