吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (3): 792-803.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20200318
陈剑平, 刘经, 王清, 韩岩, 王加奇, 李兴华
Chen Jianping, Liu Jing, Wang Qing, Han Yan, Wang Jiaqi, Li Xinghua
摘要: 分散性土作为一种水敏性特殊土,具有遇水失稳解体的特性,该特性对水利和岩土工程极为不利。为了加强分散性土力学强度及力学强度影响机理方面的研究,以吉林西部乾安地区分散性土为研究对象,通过直接剪切试验和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分别对不同含水率(5.0%~24.0%)的重塑试样的抗剪强度(垂直压力50、100、200和300 kPa)和微观结构进行测试与观察。结果表明:1)含水率的增加会导致剪应力-剪切位移曲线从应变软化向应变硬化转变,过渡区间为8.0%~11.0%,转变优先出现在高垂直压力下。2)随含水率的增加,内聚力总体呈下降趋势,拐点含水率分别为17.0%和23.0%,内摩擦角则表现出减小—增大—减小的规律,拐点含水率分别为11.0%和17.0%;内聚力的变化受盐分赋存状态和含水率共同作用,内摩擦角的变化受内聚力和黏滞阻力共同影响。3)在Na+作用下,随含水率的升高,黏粒结合水膜迅速增厚,结构单元体逐渐解体,颗粒的胶结作用逐渐减弱;结构单元体由大颗粒向小颗粒转变,土体孔隙由大孔隙向小孔隙发展。4) SEM图像定量分析提取到的土颗粒结构单元体形态参数与抗剪强度表现出良好的相关性(显著性水平p<0.05),表明抗剪强度的降低是含水率引起分散性土微观结构单元体变化的宏观表现。
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