陆上与水下喷发火山岩的区别及其对储层的影响--以松辽盆地营城组为例

• 松辽盆地火山岩储层专刊 • 上一篇下一篇

陆上与水下喷发火山岩的区别及其对储层的影响--以松辽盆地营城组为例

张艳¹，舒萍²，王璞珺¹，郑常青¹，单玄龙¹

1.吉林大学　地球科学学院，长春 130061;2.大庆油田勘探开发研究院，黑龙江　大庆 163712

收稿日期:2007-07-10 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2007-11-26 发布日期:2007-11-26
通讯作者: 张艳

Comparison between Subaerial and Subaqueous Volcanic Rocks and the Reservoir Significance-Taking Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin as Example

ZHANG Yan^1,2，SHU Ping²，WANG Pu-jun¹，ZHENG Chang-qing¹，SHAN Xuan-long¹

1.College of Earth Sciences，Jilin University，Changchun 130061，China;2.Daqing Exploration & Development Institute，Daqing，Heilongjiang 163712，China

Received:2007-07-10 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2007-11-26 Published:2007-11-26
Contact: ZHANG Yan

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 陆上与水下喷发火山岩在岩性、结构构造、蚀变特征、产状、与下伏地层接触关系、孔隙和裂缝发育特点等6方面有显著区别。陆上喷发火山岩包括各种熔岩、碎屑熔岩、火山碎屑岩和沉火山碎屑岩；熔岩流纹构造发育，火山碎屑岩除发育常见层理外,还可见反丘构造；同生蚀变弱；与下伏地层多呈角度不整合接触，古风化壳常见，常含有陆相植物；主要储集空间为原生孔隙和冷凝收缩节理缝、次生溶蚀孔、矿物解理缝和构造裂缝。水下喷发火山岩多为具玻璃质结构的熔岩和含晶屑玻屑的层/沉凝灰岩、膨润土/伊利石岩/蒙脱石岩/沸石岩；常具枕状、球状构造，水平层理、粒序层理、变形层理；蚀变强烈；水下熔岩呈穹隆状、透镜状，凝灰岩为层状，近火山口的膨润土/伊利石岩/蒙脱石岩/沸石岩呈松散团窝状并夹有火山弹；与下伏地层呈整合、假整合或侵蚀接触；原生气孔、杏仁体内溶蚀孔和炸裂纹，岩球岩枕间孔和粒间孔，基质和斑晶蚀变孔缝，后期构造缝是主要储集空间。松辽盆地营城组陆上、水下喷发火山岩均有发育。其陆上喷发火山岩的典型标志为流纹构造、柱状节理，含炭化木/硅化木，与下伏地层呈角度不整合接触。水下喷发火山岩典型标志为珍珠岩、玻璃质结构、枕状构造、纹层状凝灰岩和膨润土。松辽盆地营城组的储层火山岩以陆上喷发火山岩为主；水下喷发火山岩中侵出相内带亚相珍珠岩为优质储层。

关键词: 松辽盆地, 营城组, 储集空间, 陆上喷发火山岩, 水下喷发火山岩

Abstract: The subaerial and subaqueous volcanic rocks have significant differences in lithology, texture and structure, alteration, occurence, contact with underlying strata, pore and fissure development. Subaerial volcanic rocks mainly comprise lavas, clastic lava, pyroclastic rocks and sedimentary pyroclastic rocks. Subaerial lava has rhyolitic structure. Bedding structure and few reverse hummocky structure formed in pyroclastic rocks. The subaerial volcanic rocks underwent weak alteration and unconformity with underling strata. Ancient weathering crusts and continental plant can be found. Main reservoir spaces in subaerial volcanic rocks are primary pore, condensing shrinkage joint, secondary dissolution pore, cleavage fissure in mineral and structural fracture. Subaqueous volcanic rocks mainly comprise glassy lava, crystal-vitric bedded/sedimentary tuff, bentonite/illite/montmorillonite/zeolite. Subaqueous volcanic rocks have pillow or orbicular structure, horizontal bedding, graded bedding, strong alteration. Subaqueous lava appears domed, lenticular shape, tuff appears stratiform shape, bentonite/illite/montmorillonite/zeolite near crater appears loose conglomeration with volcanic bombs. Contact relation of subaqueous volcanic rocks and underlying strata is conformity, disconformity or erosion. Main reservoir spaces of subaqueous volcanic rocks are primary pore, dissolution holes in amygdaloid body, explosive fracture, intergranular pores, erosion pore and fracture in matrix and phenocrysts and structural fracture. Both subaerial and subaqueous volcanic rocks can be found in Yingcheng Formation of Songliao Basin. Typical characteristics of subaerial volcanic rocks include rhyolitic structure, columnar joint, carbonized wood/silicified wood, angular unconformity contact with underlying strata. Typical features of subaqueous volcanic rocks include perlite with glassy structure and pillow structure, lamellar tuff, bentonite. Most of volcanic reservoirs in Yingcheng Formation of Songliao Basin are subaerial volcanic reservoirs. The inner subfacies of extrusive facies of subaqueous volcanic rocks are good reservoirs.

Key words: Songliao Basin, Yingcheng Formation, reservoirs, subaerial volcanic rocks, subaqueous volcanic rocks

中图分类号:

P588.14

张艳，舒萍，王璞珺，郑常青，单玄龙. 陆上与水下喷发火山岩的区别及其对储层的影响--以松辽盆地营城组为例[J]. J4, 2007, 37(6): 1259-1265.

ZHANG Yan，SHU Ping，WANG Pu-jun，ZHENG Chang-qing，SHAN Xuan-long. Comparison between Subaerial and Subaqueous Volcanic Rocks and the Reservoir Significance-Taking Yingcheng Formation in Songliao Basin as Example[J]. J4, 2007, 37(6): 1259-1265.

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