Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1358-1372.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190295

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Geological Characteristics, Ore-Controlling Factors and Metallogenic Model of Muhu Manganese Deposit in West Kunlun, China

Dong Zhiguo1,2,3, Zhang Lianchang1,2,3, Dong Feiyu1,2,3, Zhang Banglu1,2,3, Xie Yueqiao4, Zha Bin4, Peng Zidong1,2, Wang Changle1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academyof Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
    2. Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. No.2 Geological Party of the Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources and Development, Kashi 844000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2019-12-21 Online:2020-09-26 Published:2020-09-29
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1703242),National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC0604001) and Mineral Survey Project of China Geological Survey (DD20190166-19)

PDF (PC)

459

Abstract: Muhu manganese deposit is located in the eastern end of Malkansu manganese ore belt in the west Kunlun orogenic belt, and research for this deposit is relatively weak. The ore-bearing strata of Muhu manganese deposit is the Upper Carboniferous Kalaatehe Formation, which can be divided into three members from the bottom to the top: Breccia limestone, calcareous greywacke, and carbonaceous marlstone. This typical transgressive sequence reflects the basin evolution from gradual faulting to stable sedimentation. The manganese orebodies occur in carbonaceous marlstone in the upper part of Kalaatehe Formation, and are mainly composed of fine-grained pure rhodochrosite. Based on the detailed mineralogical observation and the previous research advance, we suggest that the rhodochrosite in Muhu formed as a result of manganese oxides reduction by organic matter during burial diagenetic reaction. Three basic conditions are needed for this metallogenic mechanism: Abundant manganese source, redox stratified basin, and large burial of organic matter. In Muhu area, the main favorable ore-controlling factors include extensional tectonic background, strong submarine hydrothermal activities, transgressive event, and warm-humid paleoclimate. Based on the w(Ba)-w(P2O5) diagram and regional comparative analysis, we consider that the oxygen minimum zone expansion model can explain the genesis of Muhu manganese deposit.

Key words: metallogenic model, ore-controlling factors, rhodochrosite, Muhu manganese deposit, Malkansu manganese ore belt, west Kunlun orogen

CLC Number: 

  • P618.32
[1] 付勇, 徐志刚, 裴浩翔, 等. 中国锰矿成矿规律初探[J]. 地质学报, 2014, 88(12):2192-2207. Fu Yong, Xu Zhigang, Pei Haoxiang, et al. Study on Metallogenic Regularity of Manganese Ore Deposits in China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2014, 88(12):2192-2207.
[2] 阴江宁, 肖克炎. 中国锰矿资源潜力分析及成矿预测[J]. 中国地质, 2014, 41(5):1424-1437. Yin Jiangning, Xiao Keyan. Resources Potential Analysis and Metallogenic Prospect of Mn Resources in China[J]. Geology in China, 2014, 41(5):1424-1437.
[3] 高永宝, 滕家欣, 陈登辉, 等. 新疆西昆仑玛尔坎苏锰矿带成矿地质特征及找矿方向[J]. 西北地质, 2017, 50(1):261-269. Gao Yongbao, Teng Jiaxin, Chen Denghui, et al. Metallogenic Geological Characteristics and Prospecting Direction of Malkansu Manganese Ore Belt in West Kunlun, Xinjiang[J]. Northwestern Geology, 2017, 50(1):261-269.
[4] 高永宝, 滕家欣, 李文渊, 等. 新疆西昆仑奥尔托喀讷什锰矿地质、地球化学及成因[J]. 岩石学报, 2018, 34(8):2341-2358. Gao Yongbao, Teng Jiaxin, Li Wenyuan,et al. Geology, Geochemistry and Ore Genesis of the Aoertuokanashi Manganese Deposit, West Kunlun, Xinjiang, Northwest China[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica, 2018, 34(8):2341-2358.
[5] 张帮禄, 张连昌, 冯京, 等. 西昆仑玛尔坎苏地区奥尔托喀讷什大型碳酸锰矿床地质特征及成因探讨[J]. 地质论评, 2018, 64(2):361-377. Zhang Banglu, Zhang Lianchang, Feng Jing, et al. Genesis of the Large-Scale Ortokarnash Manganese Carbonate Deposit in the Malkansu District, Western Kunlun:Evidence from Geological Features[J]. Geological Review, 2018, 64(2):361-377.
[6] Zhang B L, Wang C L, Robbins L J, et al. Petrography and Geochemistry of the Carboniferous Ortokarnash Manganese Deposit in the Western Kunlun Mountains, Xinjiang, China:Implications for the Depositional Environment and the Origin of Mineralization[J]. Economic Geology, 2020. doi:10.5382/econgeo.4729.
[7] 查斌, 张连昌, 张帮禄, 等. 新疆阿克陶玛尔坎苏锰成矿带地质特征及成矿条件分析[J]. 新疆地质, 2019, 37(1):75-84. Zha Bin, Zhang Lianchang, Zhang Banglu, et al. Geology Characteristic and Metallogenic Conditions of the Manganese Ore Belt in Malkansu, Aketao, Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Geology, 2019, 37(1):75-84.
[8] Johnson J E, Webb S M, Ma C, et al. Manganese Mineralogy and Diagenesis in the Sedimentary Rock Record[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2016, 173:210-231.
[9] Hem J D. Chemical Factors that Influence the Availability of Iron and Manganese in Aqueous Systems[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1972, 83(2):443-450.
[10] Krauskopf K B. Separation of Manganese from Iron in Sedimentary Processes[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1957, 12(1):61-84.
[11] Herndon E M, Havig J R, Singer D M, et al. Manganese and Iron Geochemistry in Sediments Underlying the Redox-Stratified Fayetteville Green Lake[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 2018, 231:50-63.
[12] Franklin M L, Morse J W. The Interaction of Manganese(II) with the Surface of Calcite in Dilute Solutions and Seawater[J]. Marine Chemistry, 1983, 12(4):241-254.
[13] Glasby G P, Schulz H D. Eh-pH Diagrams for Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and As Under Seawater Conditions:Application of Two New Types of Eh-pH Diagrams to the Study of Specific Problems in Marine Geochemistry[J]. Aquatic Geochemistry, 1999, 5(3):227-248.
[14] Mucci A. The Behavior of Mixed Ca-Mn Carbonates in Water and Seawater:Controls of Manganese Concentrations in Marine Porewaters[J]. Aquatic Geochemistry, 2004, 10(2):139-169.
[15] Dellwig O, Schnetger B, Meyer D, et al. Impact of the Major Baltic Inflow in 2014 on Manganese Cycling in the Gotland Deep (Baltic Sea)[J]. Frontiers in Marine Science, 2018, 5:1-20.
[16] Calvert S E, Price N B. Composition of Manganese Nodules and Manganese Carbonates from Loch Fyne, Scotland[J]. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 1970, 29(3):215-233.
[17] Pedersen T F, Price N B. The Geochemistry of Manganese Carbonate in Panama Basin Sediments[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1982, 46(1):59-68.
[18] Maynard J B. The Chemistry of Manganese Ores Through Time:A Signal of Increasing Diversity of Earth-Surface Environments[J]. Economic Geology, 2010, 105(3):535-552.
[19] Okita P M, Maynard J B, Spiker E C, et al. Isotopic Evidence for Organic Matter Oxidation by Manganese Reduction in the Formation of Stratiform Manganese Carbonate Ore[J]. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 1988, 52(11):2679-2685.
[20] Beukes N J, Swindell E P W, Wabo H. Manganese Deposits of Africa[J]. Episodes, 2016, 39(2):285-317.
[21] Roy S. Genetic Diversity of Manganese Deposition in the Terrestrial Geological Record[J]. Geological Society London Special Publications, 1997, 119(1):5-27.
[22] Okita P M, Shanks W C. Origin of Stratiform Sediment-Hosted Manganese Carbonate Ore Deposits:Examples from Molango, Mexico, and Taojiang, China[J]. Chemical Geology, 1992, 99(1):139-163.
[23] Bond D P G, Wignall P B. Pyrite Framboid Study of Marine Permian-Triassic Boundary Sections:A Complex Anoxic Event and Its Relationship to Contemporaneous Mass Extinction[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 2010, 122(8):1265-1279.
[24] McLennan S M. Rare-Earth Elements in Sedimentary-Rocks:Influence of Provenance and Sedimentary Processes[J]. Reviews in Mineralogy, 1989, 21:169-200.
[25] Bau M, Schmidt K, Koschinsky A, et al. Discriminating Between Different Genetic Types of Marine Ferro-Manganese Crusts and Nodules Based on Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium[J]. Chemical Geology, 2014, 381:1-9.
[26] 陈登辉, 隋清霖, 赵晓健, 等. 西昆仑穆呼锰矿晚石炭世含锰碳酸盐岩地质地球化学特征及其沉积环境[J]. 沉积学报, 2019, 37(3):477-490. Chen Denghui, Sui Qinglin, Zhao Xiaojian, et al. Geology, Geochemical Characteristics, and Sedimentary Environment of Mn-Bearing Carbonate from the Late Carboniferous Muhu Manganese Deposit in West Kunlun[J]. Acta Sedimentologica Sinica, 2019, 37(3):477-490.
[27] Chisonga B C, Gutzmer J, Beukes N J, et al. Nature and Origin of the Protolith Succession to the Paleoproterozoic Serra Do Navio Manganese Deposit, Amapa Province, Brazil[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2012, 47(3):59-76.
[28] Maghfouri S, Rastad E, Movahednia M, et al. Metallogeny and Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Manganese Mineralizations in Iran:Implications for Future Exploration[J]. Ore Geology Reviews, 2019, 115:1-42.
[29] Polgári M, Hein J R, Bíró L, et al. Mineral and Chemostratigraphy of a Toarcian Black Shale Hosting Mn-Carbonate Microbialites (Úrkút, Hungary)[J]. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 2016, 459:99-120.
[30] 贠杰, 高晓峰, 校培喜, 等. 西昆仑下石炭统乌鲁阿特组火山岩地球化学特征及地质意义[J]. 中国地质, 2015, 42(3):587-600. Yun Jie, Gao Xiaofeng, Xiao Peixi, et al. Geochemical Characteristics of the Lower Carboniferous Volcanic Rocks of the Wuluate Formation in the Western Kunlun Mountains and Their Geological Significance[J]. Geology in China, 42(3):587-600.
[31] 童金南, 殷鸿福. 古生物学[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社, 2007. Tong Jinnan, Yin Hongfu. Palaeontology[M]. Beijing:Higher Education Press, 2007.
[32] Nicholson K. Genetic Types of Mangane Oxide Deposits in Scotland:Indicators of Paleo-Ocean Spreading Rate and a Devonian Geochemical Mobility Boundary[J]. Economic Geology, 1992, 87:1301-1309.
[33] Frakes L A, Bolton B R. Origin of Manganese Giants:Sea-Level Change and Anoxic-Oxic History[J]. Geology, 1984, 12(2):83-86.
[34] Force E R, Maynard J B. Manganese:Syngenetic Deposits on the Margins of Anoxic Basins[C]//Force E R, Eidel J J, Maynard J B. Sedimentary and Diagenetic Mineral Deposits:A Basin Analysis Approach to Exploration. Littleton:Society of Economic Geologists, 1991:147-159.
[35] Qie W K, Algeo T J, Luo G M, et al. Global Events of the Late Paleozoic (Early Devonian to Middle Permian):A Review[J]. Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology, 2019, 531:15.
[36] Lu Y B, Jiang S, Lu Y C, et al. Productivity or Preservation? The Factors Controlling the Organic Matter Accumulation in the Late Katian Through Hirnantian Wufeng Organic-Rich Shale, South China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019, 109:22-35.
[37] Tian X X, Chen J T, Yao L, et al. Glacio-Eustasy and δ13C Across the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian Boundary in the Eastern Paleo-Tethys Ocean (South China):Implications for Mid-Carboniferous Major Glaciation[J]. Geological Journal, 2020,55(4):2704-2716.
[1] Liu Zhong, Chen Haifeng, Zhang Huaidong, Wang Bohua. “Trinity” Metallogenic Characteristics and Prospecting Prediction of Pb-Zn Deposits in Shapinggou Integrated Exploration Area of Jinzhai, Anhui Province [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2020, 50(5): 1539-1551.
[2] Zhang Lianchang, Zhang Banglu, Dong Zhiguo, Xie Yueqiao, Li Wenjun, Peng Zidong, Zhu Mingtian, Wang Changle. Tectonic Setting and Metallogenetic Conditions of Carboniferous Malkansu Giant Manganese Belt in West Kunlun Orogen [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2020, 50(5): 1340-1357.
[3] Wu Di, Zhuang Tingxin, Tian Li, Liu Xiaodong, Li Weimin. Geological Features and Ore Genesis of Huanggou Uranium Deposit in Eastern Liaoning Uranium Metallogenic Belt [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(2): 452-463.
[4] Feng Zhiqiang, Lin Li,Liu Yongjiang,Fu Xiugen,Pang Yanchun，Wang Xinli. Characteristics and Metallogenic Model of SEDEX Lead-Zinc Deposits in the Western Qinling Orogenic Belt: A Case Study of the Luoba Deposit in Hui County, Gansu Province [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(6): 1799-1811.
[5] Peng Yi, He Yuliang, Zeng Tao, Zhong Jiangwen, Xu Guoli, Su Xiaoyan，Chen Jun, Peng Songmin, Li Zhen. Regional Metallogenic and Synthetic Information Prediction Models of Mo Deposits in Henan Province, China [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(4): 1262-1275.
[6] Zhang Yong, Sun Jing-gui, Chen Dong, Xing Shu-wen, Song Quan-heng, Zhao Zhi,Zhao Ke-qiang, Bai Ling-an, Han Shi-jiong. Characteristics of Fluid Inclusions and Metallogenic Model of Tianbaoshan Polymetallic Ore Field，Yanbian，China [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2012, 42(6): 1665-1675.
[7] LI Xu-jun, FAN Wen-liang, WANG Jian-yu, FAN Wen-song, LIANG Ben-shing, FAN Zhen-hua, YANG Xiao-ming, REN De-kui. U-Pb Dating of Syn-Mineralization Dykes of the Haigou Gold Deposit, Jilin Province and Its Metallogenic Significance [J]. J4, 2012, 42(5): 1366-1377.
[8] LIU Zhao-jun, MENG Qing-tao, JIA Jian-liang, SUN Ping-chang, LIU Rong, HU Xiao-feng. Metallogenic Regularity of Oil Shale in Continental Basin：Case Study in the Meso-Cenozoic Basins of Northeast China [J]. J4, 2012, 42(5): 1286-1297.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] BAO Qing-zhong,ZHANG Chang-jie,WU Zhi-li,WANG Hong,LI Wei,SANG Jia-he,LIU Yong-sheng. SHRIMP U-Pb Zircon Geochronology of a Carboniferous Quartz-Diorite in Baiyingaole Area, Inner Mongolia and Its Implications[J]. J4, 2007, 37(1): 15 -0023 .
[2] CUI Jian-jun, LIU Xiao-chun, HU Juan, QU Wei. Metamorphism of Indosinian Metamorphic Enclaves in the Tongbai Complex, Central China[J]. J4, 2009, 39(4): 618 -629 .
[3] Zhang Xiaofei, Li Zhiming, Jia Qunzi, Song Zhongbao, Chen Xiangyang, Zhang Yulian, Li Dongsheng, Shu Xiaofeng. Geochronology, Geochemistry and Geological Significance of Granite Porphyry in Hutouya Polymetallic Deposit, Qimantage Area, Qinghai Province[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2016, 46(3): 749 -765 .
[4] Cheng Xianyu, Li Yike, Dong Manhua, Cao Kan. Age and Geological Significance of Ore-Bearing Strata of Tebai Gold Deposit in Alxa Right Banner Area[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2019, 49(6): 1565 -1577 .
[5] WANG De-hai, MENG Xiang-hua, GUO Feng, LIN Guo-xua, GE Ming. Discussion on the Sedimentary Environment and Origin of the Microsparite Carbonates of Mesoproterozoic Gaoyuzhuang Formatioin Jixian Area,Tianjin,China[J]. J4, 2009, 39(6): 1023 -1030 .
[6] ZHANG Yun-ping. Main Characteristics of Late Jurassic-Cretaceous Tectonic Framework in Northeast Asia[J]. J4, 2011, 41(5): 1267 -1284 .
[7] Li Sanzhong, Yang Zhao, Zhao Shujuan, Li Xiyao, Suo Yanhui, Guo Lingli, Yu Shan, Dai Liming, Li Shaojun, Mu Dunling. Global Early Paleozoic Orogens (Ⅱ): Subduction-Accretionary-Type Orogeny[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2016, 46(4): 968 -1004 .
[8] TANG Wen-long,YANG Yan-chen,LI Qian,MAO Xiang-jun. Magmatite Geochemical Characteristics and Their Constraints on Mineralizations in Qianjin Area，Yichun[J]. J4, 2007, 37(1): 41 -0047 .
[9] Si Qiuliang, Cui Tianri, Tang Zhen, Li Wei, Wu Xinwei, Jiang Bin, Li Linchuan. Chronology,Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks in Manitu Formation in Chaihe Area, Central Great Xing'an Range[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(2): 389 -403 .
[10] Yang Qijun, Qin Ya, Wang Taishan, Zhang Qingwei. Chronology and Geochemical Characteristics of Monzogranitic Porphyry from Fozichong Ore Field in Guangxi Province and Their Geological Implication[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(3): 760 -774 .
Copyright © Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), All Rights Reserved.
Tel: +86-431-88502374；13756165364　E-mail: xuebao1956@jlu.edu.cn
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd