Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (5): 1358-1372.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20190295

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Geological Characteristics, Ore-Controlling Factors and Metallogenic Model of Muhu Manganese Deposit in West Kunlun, China

Dong Zhiguo1,2,3, Zhang Lianchang1,2,3, Dong Feiyu1,2,3, Zhang Banglu1,2,3, Xie Yueqiao4, Zha Bin4, Peng Zidong1,2, Wang Changle1,2   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources, Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academyof Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
    2. Innovation Academy for Earth Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China;
    3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
    4. No.2 Geological Party of the Xinjiang Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources and Development, Kashi 844000, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2019-12-21 Online:2020-09-26 Published:2020-09-29
  • Supported by:
    Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1703242),National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC0604001) and Mineral Survey Project of China Geological Survey (DD20190166-19)

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Abstract: Muhu manganese deposit is located in the eastern end of Malkansu manganese ore belt in the west Kunlun orogenic belt, and research for this deposit is relatively weak. The ore-bearing strata of Muhu manganese deposit is the Upper Carboniferous Kalaatehe Formation, which can be divided into three members from the bottom to the top: Breccia limestone, calcareous greywacke, and carbonaceous marlstone. This typical transgressive sequence reflects the basin evolution from gradual faulting to stable sedimentation. The manganese orebodies occur in carbonaceous marlstone in the upper part of Kalaatehe Formation, and are mainly composed of fine-grained pure rhodochrosite. Based on the detailed mineralogical observation and the previous research advance, we suggest that the rhodochrosite in Muhu formed as a result of manganese oxides reduction by organic matter during burial diagenetic reaction. Three basic conditions are needed for this metallogenic mechanism: Abundant manganese source, redox stratified basin, and large burial of organic matter. In Muhu area, the main favorable ore-controlling factors include extensional tectonic background, strong submarine hydrothermal activities, transgressive event, and warm-humid paleoclimate. Based on the w(Ba)-w(P2O5) diagram and regional comparative analysis, we consider that the oxygen minimum zone expansion model can explain the genesis of Muhu manganese deposit.

Key words: metallogenic model, ore-controlling factors, rhodochrosite, Muhu manganese deposit, Malkansu manganese ore belt, west Kunlun orogen

CLC Number: 

  • P618.32
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