The volcanic products in China were classified into 4 groups including lava, pyroclast-bearing lava, tephra and tuffites, according to the research on the ancient volcanic rocks of the Songliao basin in Cretaceous and the Junggar basin in Carboniferous and also on the Quaternary volcanoes like Changbai and Wudalianchi. The former two groups are consolidated by cooling/crystallization and the latter two by compaction. Thirty four essential lithofacies/intrafacies were further subdivided and described in detail concerning their structure/texture, composition/component, distribution and origin. Typical examples ancient and modern are presented in photographs related to each intrafacies. There are both sameness and difference between modern and ancient volcanic products. Diversity of lavas such as coherent massive, columnar joint, welded, pillow and breccia can survive in the long geological history, becoming relatively more abundant in the ancient volcanoes. On the other hand, pumice, aa and block lavas become less and less with time owing to their poor preservation because they are generally on top or edge of a volcanic succession and/or with features of  being easily eroded and transported. For most ancient volcanoes like those in the Mesozoic Songliao basin, it is very common that eruptions are mixed pattern between the fissure and the central, i.e. most single central vents are associated with or ranged along some major faults.

Based on the analysis of the geological conditions of hydrocarbon accumulation in the southern Songliao basin，the present fluid potential of Gaotaizi reservoir is calculated and the palaeo-fluid potential is recovered with the hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics systematic research as the core. The results show that the palaeo-present fluid potential of Gaotaizi reservoir is always high in the belt of Daan depression-Changling depression. The high-fluid potential belt constitutes the first-order separation trough in the southern Songliao basin. The fluid potential contours are simple to the west of the separation trough and complex to the east. Based on fluid potential field,1-2 allogenetic（authigenic）open hydrocarbon accumulation dynamic systems are divided in the west of the central separation trough，and 2-3 allogenetic（authigenic）opening (semi-closed) systems are divided in the east. Each hydrocarbon accumulation dynamic system constitutes a relatively independent of the aggregation unit. Applying the hydrocarbon accumulation dynamic system analysis results, combined with tectonic sedimentary evolution and reservoir fluid inclusion studies, the hydrocarbon charging and accumulation in the Gaotaizi reservoir is characterized.The various traps developed in the slope and near-depression uplift are conducive to the formation of various types of oil and gas reservoirs,because of their large fluid potential gradient.

In order to further clarify the role of different geological conditions in hydrocarbon accumulation process, we researched the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation of Fuyang Formation in Sanzhao depression  based on the angle of diverse geological conditions and their relation in space-time. The result showed that the bound, distance and layer of hydrocarbon migrated downward were controlled by effective expulsion range of K₁qn¹ source rock, overpressure and T₂ fault assemblage. The direction, pathway and distance of the migrated oil were controlled by palaeostructure and the relationship between T₂ fault and reservoir. Vertical and lateral distribution of oil and gas were controlled by the factors of base level, sedimentary microfacies and recent tectonic. Based on those mentioned above coupled with structural history, oil sources conditions, sedimentary microfacies, four kinds of hydrocarbon accumulation models were summarized, they are, (a)inside source-upper source rock-lower reservoir model, (b)near source-short distance lateral migration-fault screened in slope zone model, (c)outside source-long distance lateral migration-inherited tectonic uplift zone model and (d)ulti-source-multi-lateral migration model.

The types of reservoir and secondary pores of Lower Cretaceous in Tanzhuang sag were studied on the basis of core observation, thin section analysis, statistics and analysis of core porosity and permeability. The results show that the clastic rocks of Lower Cretaceous in Tanzhuang sag have undergone early and middle diagenetic stages and the present diagenetic stage  is at a period of the middle A stage. Primary and secondary pores developed in sandstone, which evolved from primary to secondary pores, pore evolution levels and diagenetic stages have different characteristic in different wells blocks. There are three secondary pore zones developed of Lower Cretaceous in the study area, secondary pore closely related to the dissolution of feldspar, debris, quartz, the dehydration of clay minerals and the filling of oil and gas, which has different reasons in different wells and depth，and the dissolution of feldspar, debris were the mainly cause, quartz and clay of interparticles mixed base were followed.

Newly discovered exploration development zone locates at the Bel-Lake depression in Mongolia. Early Cretaceous vertical filling and evolvement suite research indicate that large scale of syn-sedimentary  fault system mode and distribution control the sedimentary  tracts of fault depression basin in the Earlier Nantun Group strata. The depression filling and evolvement suite indicate that act-fracture action and dextral strike-slip of basin play an important role in sedimentary system evolvement. Long-lasting active syn-sedimentary faults system as well as tectonic dextral strike-slip controls the forming and distribution of construction palaeogeomorphology, fracture sloping and ramp zone, thereby, which further controls coarse clastic sedimentary system development and distribution mode. The north edge fracture slope zone of east sub-depression often controls the coarse clastic sedimentary system of deposition and depocentre. Especially the nearshore subaqueous fan within low system tract , which are the most favorableness zone for sandstone reservoir. Syn-sedimentary faults have various of combination of styles including “ren” or “zhi” characters shape etc. have bring up changing construction palaeogeomorphology and ramp system which control the sandbody decentralized system and the accumulation mode. Revealing synsedimentary faults zone activity and distribution and rebuilding each stage of construction palaeogeomorphology and ramp zone are the key to the prediction of sedimentary system distribution and sandbody distribution.

Taizhou Formation in Haian depression of Subei basin developed in Late Cretaceous, the bottom of which was a regional unconformity surface formed by Yizheng movement and the top was a local one by Haian event. There was a regression during its deposition, which divided Taizhou Formation into 2 third-order sequences, named as Sq1 and Sq2. According to the analysis of drilling and core material about 30 wells, both sequences are composed of lowstand systems tract(LST), transgressive systems tract(TST) and highstand systems tract(HST). In Sq1, LST mainly developed braided delta facies, TST developed deep and semi-deep lake facies and HST developed delta facies with decrease of terrigenous detrital material flux  under slow fall of water-level and a lot of turbidite facies. In Sq2, LST developed shallow-shore and semi-deep lake facies, TST developed deep and semi-deep lake facies, HST developed shallow-shore lake facies and strand-bar facies.

Sedimentary facies of the Cambrian-Lower Ordovician sequence were studied by means of seismic, logging and outcrops. Seven facies were recognized, which are subabyss, shallow marine shelf, platform edge ramp, reef, open platform, restricted platform and platform evaporite facies. They can be grouped into three depositional environments, i.e. basinal, platform edge and platform. There are platform edge and platform deposits in Caohu, Weili and Tieganlike district, between which there are basinal deposits. Platform evaporite facies are located in the north of Caohu. Reef is widespread on the edge of the open platform both landward and seaward. This is favorable to petroleum accumulation.

Based on the theory of sequence stratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy framework in Cretaceous in Huhehu depression was established by comprehensively research of seismic data, cores and well logging data. Cretaceous in Huhehu depression was divided into 3 first-order sequences(TSq1-TSq3), 5 secondorder sequences(Ⅰ-Ⅴ) and 8 third-order sequences(Sq1-Sq8). Sedimentary facies were classified, and sedimentary system was studied in sequence framework. Study area mainly developed alluvial fan, fan delta, braided delta, subaqueous fan, lacustrine sediment and so on. Alluvial fan sedimentary system mainly distributed in Sq1 sequence；Fan delta sedimentary system mainly distributed in the south of Sq2 sequence and the north of Sq5 sequence; Braided delta sedimentary system mainly distributed in Sq3 sequence and Sq4 sequence, and it was developed in the north of Sq2 sequence; subaqueous fan sedimentary system mainly distributed in the depression belt of Sq2 and Sq4 sequence; The lateral and vertical evolution of sedimentary system was controlled by palaeostructure and palaeogeomorphology, and sedimentary sand bodies in the south of Huhehu depression were the favorable exploring area.

Diagenesis and favorable diagenetic facies of Chang 8 reservoir in Heshui area, Ordos basin are researched using physical property analysis, mercury penetration, cast section and SEM  technique. The results show that physical property is poor, pore throat is minute, finemesograin feldspathic litharenite dominated, clastic constituents are complicate, compositional maturity is low and texture maturity is low to middle. Original pore spaces are decreased because of compaction, cementation damage not only partial primary pore but also secondary dissolved pore, dissolution improves the physical property. Five kinds of diagenetic facies are classified on the base of the influence of diagenesis on physical property. There is an intimate relationship between qualifying reservoir and diagenetic facies, physical property and oil bearing  of chlorite cementationfeldspar corrosion facies are the best, chlorite cementation facies follows, which construct the favorable diagenetic facies of reservoir develop.

The cycle of field tracer monitoring is about 150-360 days. Therefore it should not identify water-flood swept area after the cycle of tracer monitoring. And it fails to effectively solve these problems that preferable water-injection direction and advancing speed of two sets of oil layers and the identification of the direction of water (injection-water or edge-water). Introducing the tracer simulation technology, and giving full consideration to the impact of the phenomenon of tracer fluid mass, based on historical performance match and the monitor result match of tracer fluid, water-flooding front and edge-water advancing were studied. The results show that tracer simulation results is basically consistent with the field tracer monitoring results. Numerical model can be used to conduct a longer period monitoring to compensate for the disadvantage of the complex of construction and time-consuming monitoring cycle, and so on. The water-flooding front, water-flood swept area, advancing speed and the preferable water injection direction can be simulated with numerical model, further to evaluate and predict the injection-production flow laws of two sets of reservoirs, it can provide reliable foundation to deploy reasonable flood pattern, to develop remain oil and ultimately enhance oil recovery.

The systematic petrographic，microthermometric as well as laser Raman microspectroscopic studies on fluid inclusions developed in auriferous quartz veins collected from Wulong gold deposit were carried out.The results show that there exist three types of primary fluid inclusions in vein quartz minerals，CO2±CH4、H2O-CO2±CH4 and aqueous twophase respectively. The microthermometric research of different kinds of fluid inclusions reveals that the homogenization temperatures of H2O-CO2±CH4 type fluid inclusions range from 287.8℃ to 382.5℃，the salinities are between 0.42%[CD*2]4.87%NaCl. The homogenization temperatures of two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions vary from 198.5℃ to 338.4℃，and the salinities between 2.24%-6.88%NaCl.The composition of gaseous phases in there types of fluid inclusions are dominated by CO₂ and CH₄，with largely variable relative content. By comprehensive studies，the conclusion can be drawn that the oreforming fluid of auriferous quartz veins in Wulong gold deposit belongs to the medium temperature，low salinity and CO2-bearing solutions. It was derived from magmatic activities and experienced reaction with country rocks during their transportation and accumulation processes，which resulted in the release of CH₄ into solutions and formation of mineralizing fluids enriched in CO₂ -and CH_-4.

There occurs falkmanite in the Bairendaba superlarge Ag-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposit in Inner Mongolia, China. It is intimately accompanied by galenite, Ag-tetrahedrite, pyrrhotite, chalcopyrite, and boulangerite. Falkmanite crystals show as needle, pillar, prismatic, hair-like, bunchiness and anhedral grain forms, and its grain sizes commonly vary from 0.05 to 4 mm, even to 12 mm. The mineral is lightly grey-white in colour, metallic in lustur and brashy，93.25 to 127.39 kg/mm², averaging 111.05 kg/mm for 100g load in microhardness and Moh’s=3.06~3.40. Electron microprobe analyses of seven points in the falkmanite gave the compositional results as followings(%)：Pb 52.20～57.80 (54.89 on average)，Sb 22.26～28.13 (26.08 on average)，S 18.65～19.62 (19.01 on average), and minor contents of Fe, Cu, Zn, Ag and As, corresponding to the formula (Pb_4.91,Cu_0.04,Fe_0.03,Zn_0.01)_4.99(Sb_3.97,As_0.04)_4.01S_11.00, and its simplified formula Pb₅Sb₄S₁₁. The crystals are monoclinic, with cell dimensions a 2.156, b 2.349, c 0.810 nm. The formation of falkmanite would be favored by a low temperature, increasing f S₂ and reduced fluid conditions during polymetallic mineralization.

Based on detailed regional geological survey, the internal textures, rare earth element composition and U-Pb age of zircons from granites in Tengchong-Lianghe area, western Yunnan, were studied by cathodoluminescence (CL) and LA-ICP-MS, respectively. Both the oscillatory zoning and chondrite-normalized REE pattern characterized by a steeplyrising slope from the LREE to the HREE with the obviously positive Ce anomaly and negative Eu anomaly, indicate the magmatic genesis of these zircons from the granites. The zircons in the granite (D0053) yield a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of (127.9±1.0) Ma (MSWD=2.9, n=27). Those in granite (D4310) yield a weighted mean ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U age of (58.3±0.5) Ma (MSWD=1.8, n=21). The results indicate that there happened widely the Early Cretaceous and Early Tertiary granitic magmatisms in Tengchong-Lianghe area, western Yunnan, as the magmatic response to the tethys evolution.

In order to study the magmatic evolution and relationship between magmatism and mineralization, the SHRIMP U-Pb dating of zircon in Fenghuangshan quartz monzodiorite and granodiorite in Tongling area, Anhui Province are carried out. The SHRIMP U-Pb age of zircon from the quartz monzodiorite changes from (136.0±2.0) to (143.0±2.4) Ma, and the weighted mean age is (139.4±1.2) Ma (n=15, MSWD=0.76). Results of SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating of granodiorite is from (136.7±2.0) to (145.3±2.4) Ma, and the weighted mean age is (141.0±1.1) Ma (n=17, MSWD=1.5). The emplacing age of the Fenghuangshan intrusion is the Late Jurassic. Moreover, the molybdenite Re-Os isochrone age is accordant with that of the granodiorite and older than the age of quartz monzodiorite. The copper mineralization has the closer relationship with the granodiorite and they are formed contemporaneously. Isotopic data indicate that the mineralization is related to the deep fluids derived from mantle magma differentiation. The extensional process resulted from the whole lithosphere thickening and the basaltic magma approaching, caused by from the aesthenosphere mantle and upper crust decompression and melting, played an important role in forming of the Fenghuangshan intrusion.

The samples of rare earth Tb³⁺doped nanometer TiO₂ powder were prepared by means of hydrothermal process with Nbutyl titanate \[Ti(OBu)₄\] as the precursor and were studied by using PLE spectra and PL spectra. The results show that the Tb³⁺doped TiO₂ powder can produce the characteristic peaks of Tb³⁺ at room temperature, and the luminescence intensity is related to the conditions of preparation. When the reaction temperature is 125℃, reaction time is 72 h and the molar concentration of doped Tb³⁺ is 12%, the PL spectra intensity of Tb³⁺ doped TiO₂ powder arrives at the maximum.

By comparing the regional structure to microstructure of ductile shearing zones in eastern Tianshan area, it is proved that they are similar in both geometry and kinematics. Then the research methods of microstructure, together with remote sensing, was applied to the researching of the ductile shearing zone. The results of structure analysis are accord with such data achieved in both field survey and microobservation, as structure patterns, direction and displacement of the movement. It can be concluded that structures with different size, resulted from the same deforming mechanism, have obvious correlation, and the tectonic size is comparative in the different observing scale. The combination of the remote sensing and the micrology can be listed as a new method of tectonics study.

The Lujuantun Formation has been listed as “Lower Carboniferous” since its founding. Some conodonts are found in four samples from the upper part of Lujuantun Formation in Mingcheng，Panshi area, Jilin Province. Among them, Idiognathoides corrugatus, Id. lanei, Id. sinuatus, Id. sulcatus, Idiognathodus sinuosus are representative species of the Early Pennylvanian. Moreover, the fact that both Idiognathodus and Streptognathodus originally appear indicates that the age of the upper part of the Lujuantun Formation approximately corresponds to the middle-late Bashkirian.

Yield of groundwater and its decline process are key issues for the exploitation time of the open-cast coal. Groundwater numerical model including three aquifers and two aquitards is built using GMS in the Baoqing open-cast coal in the Eastern Heilongjiang Province. The model is calibrated and validated according to measured data. Considering both economic benefits and dewatering effect，the flow field of different schemes are predicted by the model. Based on the result the best scheme of dewatering well design (86 dewatering wells) and the corresponding yield of abstraction(95 718.84 m³/d) are determined. The process of groundwater level decline in the first exploiting region is presented too, the average decline speed in 0.17 m/d. The result provides technical support for solving practical key problems in dewatering projects such as number of dewatering wells and their location design, yield of single well, and the prediction of decline speed of groundwater level.

To study the tempo-spatial response of groundwater system to different water resources exploration and utilization patterns in northern cities where groundwater is overdrafted, groundwater numerical models under three schemes of concentrated exploitation, exploitation reduction step-by-step and joint operation of generalized surface water and groundwater were constructed. The variations of regional groundwater level and water balance were studied using numerical models. Comparing the simulated results of regional groundwater level and water balance with base-line one, it shows that the regional groundwater level rises slowly and the groundwater level in the centre of the well field drops greatly which can be up to 9 m under the concentrated exploitation scheme. It is even worse under the exploitation reduction step-by-step scheme as a result of the reduction of aquifer storage from surface water and lateral recharge. Groundwater level at the centre of the well field in the north of Jining City drops more than 12 m, and up to 8 m in the south. It is only under the joint operation of surface water and groundwater regional groundwater level rises apparently with some parts ascending 4 m, whilst groundwater level of the depression cone only drops 4 m, which can make the regional groundwater level recovers.

In order to reduce the pressure of water supply and accelerate the development of local economy and society, the authors studied the groundwater renewal ability of the Ordos Cretaceous groundwater basin, one of major water resources areas in the Ordos basin. The dynamics of DIC in groundwater is regarded as the same as groundwater approximately. This interprets that input and output of ¹⁴C in groundwater system can provide information of its renewal ability. ¹⁴C isotopes are used to study the renewal ability of mediate and deep groundwater by the isotopic mathematic and physical model, and groundwater renewal rate is an indicator for evaluation. The results reflect that the groundwater renewal ability decreases with depth, the renewal rate of mediate groundwater in most part is 0.1%/a-1%/a, greater than that of deep groundwater with the renewal rate of less than 0.1%/a. The groundwater renewal ability in the northern part of the basin is greater than that in the southern part.

How to accurately identify and assess stability of landslides is always a key problem in the study of landslides. Based on multi-classification support vector machine theory, multi-classification support vector machine model for landslides stability evaluation was built, by using 37 typical landslides(27 training samples and 10 testing samples ) in the Three Gorges reservoir areas, and was compared with distance discrimination analysis method. The results indicates that the accuracy rates of the SVM model for testing samples and training samples are up to 100%, while the accuracy rates of the distance discrimination method for testing samples and training samples are separately 80% and 77.8%. The identification precision of the former is obviously better than that of the latter. On this basis, the SVM model was applied in the stability identification of Niugundang landslide in the Xiluodu reservoir areas, and the obtained results was in good agreement with the actual situation. So, SVM method has good applicability and effectivity in the stability discrimination practice of landslides and can provide a new way for the discrimination and evaluation of landslide stability.

Boundary constraint condition is one of the most important influencing factors in 3D stability analysis based on shear strength reduction finite element method(SSR-FEM). A typical three-dimension slope case is adopted to study safty factor and potential sliding surface under various boundary constraint conditions, and their difference is discussed. Then, the results of a 3D slope case with soft interlayer and groundwater are illustrated using SSR-FEM. The results indicates that the boundary constraint conditions have a remarkable effect on the slope stability, the fixed constraint in three directions effect is the largest one, free constraint effect is the smallest one. Moreover, the boundary constraint conditions have also a certain effect on the potential sliding surface of threedimensional slope. The effect is related to the ratio of length and height for the slope. When the ratio of length and height for the slope is larger than 8 (L/H>8), the location of slip surface and out-slip points in 3D slope is very similar to that from 2D plane strain analysis. So the ratio of L/H=8 can be taken as the limit point for 2D and 3D stability analysis in SSR-FEM.

Hydraulic fill had become one of main method to make up for the deficiency of construction land in the coastal regions. In order to obtained the better consolidation effect of dredger fill in a relatively short period of time, considering dredger fill’s special engineering geological nature and periodic strength growth in the strengthening process, the idea about reinforcement at the same time of blowing has been proposed. Indoor simulation experiment carried out under the guidance of the idea. Test results showed that different stages of dredger fill reinforcement strength showed growth zoning. Soil strength increased rapidly when the distance between the soil and vertical drain body was less than 25 cm. With the reinforcement of time extension the strength of reinforced soil increased in the overall. When the vacuum load lasted one month, some of reinforced soil’s bearing capacity had been reached 80 kPa. Strength of growth was closely related to the size of the external load, the length of the infiltration path, size of additional stress. Step-by-step reinforcement method inhibited the formation of clay ring to some extent, Shorten the vacuum loading time and save time. Step-by-step reinforcement method is advantageous for dredger fill’s consolidation a reinforced fill.

The existing state and extracting method of fluorine in bottom mud are discussed. Based on the experimental analysis of different fluoride forms in the bottom mud of Yangshapao reservoir, the distribution of various fluoride forms in the bottom mud is clear. The content of residual state fluorine is much more than that of water soluble fluorine, more than that of the organic-bound state fluorine, more than that of iron and manganese bound state fluorine, and more than that of exchangeable state fluorine. The fluorine content of different forms in the bottom mud is in logarithmic distribution character. The content of water soluble fluorine is 26.77-112.39 mg/kg，which accounts 2.699%-19.114% of the total fluorine content. The content of the total fluorine in the bottom mud, source of fluorine, the climate factor, the regional physical and chemical environment, and several time dry-out of the lake are considered to be the main factors of the high content of water soluble fluorine depositing into the bottom mud.

Evolution features research and multi-step prediction of water quality time series have important significance for making reasonable and applicable environmental protection measures. But the structural complexity and non-stationary is the bottleneck of auto-regressive model application to water quality series prediction. Focusing on these problems, Markov switching theory was introduced to combined with autoregressive model for water quality series simulating and predicting. Markov switching auto-regressive model(MS-AR) is suitable for the analysis of non-stationary time series with variable structure, and has a good adaptability to heteroscedastic time series. In the modeling the water quality time series of Guoheqiao section, the Box-Cox transformation was  used to transform the sample data to make it approximately Gaussian, and then MS-AR model was applied to the analysis and prediction of the water quality sequence. The result showed that MS-AR model identified the two evolution patterns of the series, and the prediction of MS-AR was better than the classical AR model, which indicates that MS-AR model has a good prospect in water quality sequence dynamic structure analysis and its prediction. This model can automatically identify the regime switching of a time series’ evolution process.

The conversion from marshy land to cropland had influenced the iron species, transportation, transformation and output flux. The authors studied iron species and transformation in marshy water and paddy water employing the cross-flow filtrate technique. The result showed that the concentration of total dissolved iron decreased 16.9% and Fe²⁺ content reduced 56.3% resulting from pH value increase in waters, and the acid-labile iron increased significantly after the conversion of marshy land to cropland. Iron transport primarily as complexed and acid-labile iron in both paddy and marshy waters. The concentration of complexed and ferrous iron decreased in the process of iron transportation in marshy water, while the acid-labile iron increased. The complexed and acid-labile iron content decreased when paddy water flowed into canal. The differences of iron transformation between two water bodies were significant. In the day-time, the acid-labile iron would change to dissolved iron gradually in marshy water, conversely dissolved iron would be transformed into acid-labile iron in paddy water.

Based on the data of Landsat TM in the years 1992 and 2006, the paper, by using RS and GIS, analyzed land use change in Tumen River region in the 14 years and also calculated the change of ecosystem services value which resulted from it. The results show that great changes took place to the land utilization in Tumen River region from 1992 to 2006, which included the increase of dry farmland, paddy field and building lots and the decrease of woodland, grassland, water area and wetland. At the same time, ESV declined from ￥472.43×10⁸ in 1996 to ￥446.39×10⁸ in 2006 with an average annual lapse rate of 0.39%. In all the functions of ecosystem services value, the food production function increased by ￥0.24×10⁸ mainly due to the increase of agricultural acreage and other functions like the climate regulation, the conservation of water supply and the protection of biodiversity decreased. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to maintain healthy development of environment in the area.

General land use planning is closely related with the regional social and economic development. Its range of influence is wide and the time is long. The data come from environmental monitoring and land use data in 2005. The planning control indices for the best structure of land use in 2020 in the Hi-tech Industrial Development South Zone were obtained by using linear programming. In the study area, TSP, SO₂, NO₂, THC and H₂S in the air all have relatively high environmental capacity; the quality of surface water can't meet the requirements of III class water, however the quality of shallow ground water is higher than the requirements of III class water; The quality of acoustical and soil environment are all right. The main land types of impact on environment are residential land, industrial land, warehouse land, public facilities and green space. The changes of land use accordingly bring on the changes of regional environmental capacity. In planning period, there are some uncertainties for micro land use in the study area and the formed pollution sources will not be located and quantified completely therefore, the flexible governance measures should be developed.

In order to evaluate the contaminated status of PAHs in the agricultural soil of middle part of Jilin Province, the PAHs concentration of agricultural soil was systematically analyzed and the distribution and ecologic risk of PAHs were discussed. The results showed that the content of PAHs in the agricultural soil ranges between 144.5 μg/kg and 2 355.0 μg/kg, and the PAHs concentration of paddy soil is higher than that of dry farmland. The PAHs of soil mainly come from combustion of fossil fuel and petroleum plllution sources.The soil in this area is weakly contaminated by PAHs at present and it is showed that the ecologic risk of soil PAHs in this area is small.

The solid-liquid two-phase flow equations of the draining-sand jet pump have been established according to the RNG k-ε two-equation turbulence model. On this basis, the numerical analysis models of break and gradual changed were established .Then, the characteristics of efficiency and solid phase ratio and velocity field distribution and pressure field distribution were analyzed by the computer software of computational fluid dynamics. The numerical analysis results show that, to reduce the contrary velocity vector of the solid-liquid two-phase flow is the effective technique for improving the comprehensive properties of the draining-sand jet pump by using the gradual changed structure of the diffuser outlet.

Both high drilling efficiency and long life are generally difficult for general diamond bit. Based on ecdysis principle in terms of bionics, a reproducible nozzle is designed, and which is used to add the height of work layer of a diamond bit to improve its life. In the matter of processing technology of the reproducible nozzle, cold pressing technology is used to make the powder including diamond molding firstly, and then the powder compacts are put into the mould, and in the end, hot pressing sintering method are used to manufacture diamond bit. In addition, the Φ59 bit including reproducible nozzles was manufactured, and it was experimented in the laboratory simulating field conditions. And the result indicates that the method of adding the bit's life through a kind of reproducible nozzle is feasible, if some specific materials are selected as the materials of nozzle, so it provides a new thought for development of long-life diamond bit for core drilling.

To improve the resolution of inversion, based on the fact of that the density data in a great impact on inversion results, making using of the core data, logging data and seismic data, from this perspective of analyzing the physical properties of rock-logging response-seismic response, the log-seismic multi-attributes density curve reconstruction technique was proposed to synthesis the pseudo-density curve.The results was verified with the analyzed data of the entire well continuous coring samples and the average validation error is about 0.05 g/cm³. The practical application shows that the coincidence rate of inversion results increase from the 78% to 86% after reconstruction. This can be concluded that the density curve reconstruction inversion technique can improve the precision and resolution of inversion.

For the sake of improving the well log interpretation accuracy on conglomerate reservoir and providing more reasonable parameters for reserves calculation, based on the research of mainly control factors of the conglomerate reservoir, taking Lower Karamay Formation as an example, the authors proposed a new method to get more accurate well log interpretation result, which takes the sedimentary microfacies-lithofacies as the basic interpretation interval. First, the core data was used  to recognize five kinds of sedimentary microfacies-lithofacies that are braided channel conglomerate, braided channel coarsesand, braided dams conglomerate，braided dams coarsesand，cross flow siltstone. Then the logging interpretation model for porosity, permeability and saturation was respectively built according to the different sedimentary microfacies-lithofacies. At last the error was analysis by the old three coring well. The results showed that the accuracy of various parameters is increased at different degree and the average decrease of relative errors for porosity, permeability and saturation is 3.09%, 6.95%, 5.38%, respectively.

 It is difficult to realize quantitative evaluation in fractured reservoir because of its complex pore structure and types. By assuming the conductivity way between different pore types, the method of establish a reasonable porosity model, and further combine with Archie equation to calculate water saturation is a conventional way. In the previous dual-porosity model, the effect of fracture dip and fracture tortuosity was not considered. The authors provide an improved porosity model varied with fracture dip and fracture tortuosity to reprocess the exponent index m and water saturation in fractured reservoir. By contrast with the core analysis data, the improved porosity model is more reasonable, and it maybe leads to a relative error of  32.1% while using the previous porosity model.

The retrieval of the lunar regolith thickness is one of the important missions of our lunar exploration. To get the lunar regolith thickness, the surface effective reflectivity is one of the essentially influential factors. In the previous regolith thickness study, the smooth surface reflectivity model is employed and the calculated horizontal and vertical reflectivity is 0.063 and 0028, respectively, for the whole moon surface on the condition that the view angle is 30°. However, the moon surface is rather rough, and the proper reflectivity model is constructed essentially for the rough surface. Therefore,according to the spatial resolution of the microwave radiometer data (56 km×56 km in 3 GHz channel) onboard the ChangE-1 lunar satellite, the surface roughness model is constructed with the corresponding laser altimeter data(total number, 8×8). Then the effective reflectivity of the lunar surface is calculated based on the Q/H model. The distributions of vertical and horizontal effective reflectivity for rough lunar surface are also presented assumed that the view angle is 30°. The results indicate that the lunar surface roughness has great influence on its effective reflectivity. The surface roughness greatly decreases the horizontal polarized reflectivity, in some place down to 0.050, and increases the vertical polarized one, in some place up to 0.040.

In order to manage and utile the maps and data in the older maps database management system, its necessary to further develop this system. The authors introduced that where the spatial data sources about synthetic information mineral resources assessment come from, and what the contents of the maps and data files is. Based on the old design of synthetic information maps database management system, there are four new functions had further implemented. (1) Make use of access database to record the path of metadata file, and then search the path and read its connect according to the related file name; (2) Restore the display of the map using MapGIS SDKs function, and add a online delete function about the directories and files using VC ++ programming; (3)Convert the MapGIS point, line and plane files to GIS Standards FormatSHP format in bulk according to single class translate function；(4) Implement software standardization installment of map storage management system taking advantage of Smart Install Maker. Now, this system had entered practical stage. It has been used to build the database perfectly for the project of metallogenic prediction of medium and large scale at region of the Dong Wuzhu-Erengaobi in Inner-Mongolia.