剖分式超高压模具数值模拟及实验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240715

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为解决超高压模具大尺寸硬质合金制造工艺难度大、消耗量高的问题，基于大质量支撑和侧向支撑原理设计了新型剖分式超高压模具（STD），其具有更高的极限承压能力和更大的腔体容积等优点。该模具的压缸由多个硬质合金剖分块组合而成，无须使用大尺寸硬质合金，能有效降低压缸周向应力，获得更大的腔体压力。通过数值模拟对剖分式压缸进行应力分析，结果发现，剖分式压缸的应力明显小于年轮式压缸的应力，且随着剖分块数量的增加，应力逐渐减小。压缸经过剖分后，支撑环应力未发生明显改变，能确保压缸获得充分且有效的预紧。基于最大畸变能理论和最大剪切应力理论，评价超高压模具的极限承压能力，结果表明，剖分式超高压模具的承压能力明显大于年轮式超高压模具（BTD）的承压能力，且压缸的剖分块数量越多，承压能力越强。破坏性实验进一步验证了剖分式超高压模具的承压能力优于年轮式超高压模具的承压能力，且压缸剖分块损坏后可单独更换，可有效降低使用成本。

关键词: 大腔体, 剖分式压缸, 承压能力, 金刚石合成, 超硬材料

Abstract:

In order to overcome the disadvantages of the processing difficulties and high consumption of tungsten carbide cylinder， a novel split-type ultra-high pressure die（STD） is designed according to the principle of mass support and lateral support， which has the advantages of higher limit pressure capacity and larger cavity volume. The STD cylinder is composed of a plurality of cemented carbide sections， without using large-size cemented carbide， effectively reducing the circumferential stress of the cylinder and obtaining greater chamber pressure. The stress of STD cylinder is analysed by numerical simulation. The results show that the stress of STD cylinder is obviously less than that of belt type ultra-high pressure die （BTD） cylinder， and the stress decreases gradually with the increase of the number of split blocks. After the cylinder is split， the stress of the support ring does not change significantly， which can ensure that the pressure cylinder can obtain sufficient and effective pre-tightening. Based on the maximum distortion energy theory and the maximum shear stress theory， the ultimate pressure bearing capacity of the ultra-high pressure die was evaluated. The pressure bearing capacity of STD was obviously greater than that of BTD cylinder， and the more the number of split blocks of the cylinder， the stronger the pressure bearing capacity. The destructive experiment further verifies that the pressure bearing capacity of STD is better than that of BTD， and the split block of the pressure cylinder can be replaced separately after damage， which can effectively reduce the use cost.

Key words: large cavity, split type cylinder, pressure bearing capacity, diamond synthesis, super-hard material

中图分类号:

TG305

赵亮,陈文集,李明哲,吴楠楠,梁晓波,谷洲之,王伯龙. 剖分式超高压模具数值模拟及实验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2026, 56(1): 123-130.

Liang ZHAO,Wen-ji CHEN,Ming-zhe LI,Nan-nan WU,Xiao-bo LIANG,Zhou-zhi GU,Bo-long WANG. Numerical simulation and experiment on split type ultra-high pressure die[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2026, 56(1): 123-130.

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