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Journal of Jilin University Science Edition
ISSN 1671-5489
CN 22-1340/O
主 任:韩啸
编 辑:赵立芹 王健 单凝 李琦
电 话:0431-88499428
E-mail:sejuj@jlu.edu.cn
地 址:长春市南湖大路5372号
    (130012)
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Table of Content
26 July 2006, Volume 44 Issue 04
数学
Perfectly Matched Layer Methods forSolving Electromagnetic Equations in Unbounded Domains
ZHANG Kai, HUANG Mingyou, ZHANG Ran
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  513-518. 
Abstract ( 1152 )   PDF (325KB) ( 418 )  
We collected several most useful perfectly matched layer methods, and then set up a unified formulation by using the electromagnetic equations in anisotropic medium. We only just consider the unified formulation when discussing the wellposeness of perfectly matched layer equations, without elabrating each special case respectively. The formulation brings a great convenience to the theoretical study and computation of perfectly matched layer methods.
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Properties of Morita Context Rings
WANG Yao,, REN Yan-li
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  519-526. 
Abstract ( 1157 )   PDF (193KB) ( 420 )  
Let (A,B,V,W,(,),\[,\]) be a Morita Context and C be the corresponding Morita Context ring, then the property relations between ring C and rings A,B with respect to some ring properties are presented by means of ordinary method in ring theory, which further delineate the structure of Morita Context rings.
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Two Results of Moderate Deviation Principle andLarge Deviation Principle for Dependent Random Variables
DONG Zhishan,, YANG Xiaoyun, ZHAN Yingjie,
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  527-535. 
Abstract ( 1362 )   PDF (288KB) ( 335 )  
In this article, we studied the large deviation principle and moderate deviation principle formdependent random variables andφmixing random variables. We gave the moderate deviation principle form dependent random variables and the large deviation principle for the moving average processes of φmixing random variables on R d.
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Parameterization of a Kind of Quartic Implicit Algebraic Surfaces
XIE Bin, HAN Liwen, ZHANG Shugong
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  536-540. 
Abstract ( 1280 )   PDF (311KB) ( 389 )  
We studied the parameterization of a kind of GC1blending of three quadratic surfaces using the ControlSpherebased expression of the blending surface and gave a global parameterization algorithm. At the  same time, we can get the realtime display of the blending surfaces. Different from the parameterization of blending of two quadratic surfaces, it is unnecessary for us to use rotation transformation to reduce the line from the 4thdegree blending surface. We used parallel planes to intersect the cubic curve instead of using radioactive rays.
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Periodic Solutions to a Class of Second Order NonlinearDifferentialiterative Equations
TANG Meilan, LIU Xinge,LIU Xinbi
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  541-546. 
Abstract ( 1393 )   PDF (194KB) ( 300 )  
By means of better prior estimate and the topologial degree, the existence of periodic solutions to a class of the second order functional differentialiterative equations x¨(t)+g(x(x(t)))=f(t,x(t),x·(t)) was studied, and sufficient conditions of the equation with periodic solutions were obtained.
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Oppenheim Inequality on Extended Subpositive Definite Matrix
Lv Hongbin,, YANG Zhongpeng
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  547-550. 
Abstract ( 1039 )   PDF (199KB) ( 378 )  
The property of extended subpositive definite matrix is studied further by means of the method of matrix analysis to obtain the lower estimated Oppenheim inequality of Hadamard multiplication determinant belonging to two extended subpositive definite matrices under more general conditions and improve the past results in the adaptation range and estimated exactnes.
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Construction Method of Cartesian Authentication Codes fromBN Pair Decomposition of General Linear Group
FU Zhiguo, CHEN Dianyou
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  551-554. 
Abstract ( 968 )   PDF (268KB) ( 348 )  
We got the standard form of nonsingular matrix over the finite field by means of BN pair decomposition under the similarity transf ormation of the permutation matrix. A construction method of Cartesian authentic ation codes is presented and the parameters are computed. Moreover, assuming that the encoding rules are chosen, PIandPS, which denote the largest uniformly distributed probability of a successful impersonation attack of these codes and that of a successful substitution attack respectively, are also computed.
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Renormalization Group Method for a Class ofSingular Perturbation Boundary Value Problems
WU Keyi, FU Miaomiao, L Xianrui,
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  555-559. 
Abstract ( 1137 )   PDF (176KB) ( 421 )  
The following singular perturbation boundary value problems are discussed, By using the so called renormalization group method, we give a uniformly valid asymptotic expansions of the boundary value problems under consideration.
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Some Estimates for Singular Values of a Matrix
PANG Bo, WANG Shuyun, FU Yao
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  560-564. 
Abstract ( 1194 )   PDF (228KB) ( 338 )  
With the motivation of the undirected graph and bipartite partition, some new estimations for singular values of a matrix were pres ented.
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Theorem on Convergence of Homotopy Algorithm for Unconstrained Nonconvex Programming
SUN Wenjuan, LIU Qinghuai, WANG Cailing
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  565-566. 
Abstract ( 1290 )   PDF (160KB) ( 337 )  
A homotopy algorithm was used to solve unconstrained nonconvex programming. We construct fixed point homotopy equation for KT equation, and some results for homotopy pathway were obtained. It was also proved that homotopy algorithm can’t converge to a local maximum when proper homotopy equation was chosen.
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Boundary Layer of a Class Singularly Perturbed Boundaryvalue Problem
SUN Min
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  567-569. 
Abstract ( 1047 )   PDF (196KB) ( 319 )  
The singularly perturbed Dirichlet boundary value problem for the semilinear equation of second order with a small parameter at the highest derivative term is considered. Firstly, the outer expansion of the solution is constructed, with the direct expansion method. Then the solutions of interior and boundary layers of the solution are gained via introducing stretching variables near the interior and boundaries respectively. Finally, by means of the matching principle, the corresponding outer solution, interior solution and boundary solutions are respectively matched, so that the composite expansion is obtained. Thus the uniformly valid asymptotic expansion of solution for the original singularly perturbed boundary value problem in the entire interval is found.
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计算机科学
A Mining Algorithm for Fast Maximal Sequential Patterns
CHANG Xiaoyu, WANG Zhe, XU Xiujuan, LU Chunyi, ZHOU Chunguang
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  570-574. 
Abstract ( 1289 )   PDF (268KB) ( 392 )  
This paper proposes a novel algorithm MFSPAN (maximal frequent sequential pattern mining algorithm). MFSPAN is used to mine the com plete set of maximal frequent sequential patterns in sequence databases. It solves the problem that the number of frequent subsequences will increase explosively as frequent patterns become longer: because MFSPAN takes full advantage of the property that different sequences may share a common prefix to reduce itemset comparing times. Experiments on standard test data show that MFSPAN is very effective.
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Design and Implementation of Application Layer ParallelReassembling in NIDS
YANG Hongyu,,, ZHAO Xiaoling
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  575-582. 
Abstract ( 1123 )   PDF (513KB) ( 420 )  
A new parallel reassembly approach ALPPR and its prototype are presented in the light of the weakness of present Network Intrusion Detection Systems (NIDS), especially the procedure of IP fragments and TCP flows reassembling. We adopted an idea based on LogP model and masterslave mode to complete parallel task allocation and implementation. Some key information such as sessions and their corresponding states, operation results were saved by using a twodimensional linked list in parallel reassembly process. Meanwhile, a dynamic allocation strategy was used to keep load balancing. Experimental results show that ALPPR has good effectiveness and high performance.
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A Framework Structure of Ambient Calculus
ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Licui, JIN Chengzhi
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  583-588. 
Abstract ( 996 )   PDF (231KB) ( 409 )  
We gave a frame structure of Cardelli and Gordon’s Mobile Ambients, a process calculus for modelling mobile agents in widearea networks. We presented the concept,definition of Ambient calculus frame, proposed the construction method and transformation functions and developed a code running operating semantics based on the frame structure. The frame is in an attempt to provide languages support for asynchronou, distributed, and mobile programming.
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Multispectrum Image Fusion Application System Based on RF5
WANG Xin, YU Xiao, SUI Yongxin, YANG Huaijiang, PANG Yunjie
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  589-593. 
Abstract ( 1330 )   PDF (319KB) ( 358 )  
A kind of multispectrum image fusion application system is introduced for detecting and locating ultraviolet corona. A visible CCD and an ultraviolet CCD are used for input in the system. Two CCDs have the same visual field, so the processor can easily fuse two input videos, and then display the realtime fusion image on LCD for user easy to observe and locate corona. RF5 provided from TI Company recently is used as starterware for developing digital signal processing (DSP) applications. Since common elements such as memorymanagement, device drivers, and channel encapsulation arepreconfigured in RF5, developers can focus on their system’s unique needs and achieve better overall productivity. Basic data elements of RF5 are specially discussed, and the software in the image processing board based on them is built up for the system achieving multispectrum image fusion.
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An Alias Analysis Method by Combining Partial Evaluation in Parallel
HUANG Yi, LIU Lei
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  594-598. 
Abstract ( 903 )   PDF (338KB) ( 371 )  
In order to refine alias relations and reduce alias set, a new alias analysis method is introduced by combining partial evaluation and alias analysis technique. Furthermore,its formal specification is also given. It is showed that under situations with partial input this new method is not only superior to the traditional alias analysis method, but superior to the alias analysis method combined with partial evaluation serially.
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Virtual Hand Modeling and Collision DetectionBased on Component Technique
WANG Tianzhu, LI Wenhui, WANG Yi, CUI Hu, FENG Guanghui
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  599-605. 
Abstract ( 979 )   PDF (567KB) ( 275 )  
This paper presents an efficient collision detection scheme based on component technique by means of oriented bounding boxes (OBBs) for sophisticated virtual hand model. Firstly, hand model is divided into parts and then the algorithm used the OBB of these parts to build a component hierarchical tree in a bottomup manner. As a result, not only parts’ constraints are satisfied but also the issues of low speed in building and refitting the hierarchical bounding volume tree are solved. In the end, we gave the precision and efficiency evaluation about the algorithm and it was found that it might be a reasonable choice for virtual hand in virtual reality.
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Image Retrieval Methods and System Implementation Based on Color Segment Global Histograms
XUE Shaojuan, ZUO Wanli, HE Fengling
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  606-610. 
Abstract ( 1472 )   PDF (270KB) ( 351 )  
Via the comparison of traditional histogram and segment based on histogram, a new image retrieval method of segment global histogram is proposed. The basic idea of segment global histogram is to divide image space into blocks according to a certain strategy, and then to calculate the color histogram of each block as the color feature of the corresponding block. Users assign a weight to each block according to the importance of the space information that the block contains. After the blocks with weight zero are merged into a single segment global histogram, on the system the distances between corresponding blocks with nonzero weight and the distance between partial segment global histograms are calculated. Then the overall distance accumulated according to weights given by users is regarded as the real distance between the two pictures. The pictures with less distances indicate less visional differences. Relevancefeedback is adopted to selfadjust the performance of the system.
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Design and Implementing of a Grid Computing System Based on CSF4
WEI Xiaohui, DING Zhaohui, Li Wilfred W, Osamu Tatabe, JIANG Jianhua, ZHENG Jinshuang, Arzberger Peter
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  611-615. 
Abstract ( 1372 )   PDF (311KB) ( 340 )  
The applications in such fields as bioinformatics, etc. increasingly demand more powerful computing environments and huge amounts of distributed data. One single supercomputer or cluster cannot meet the requirements. Using metascheduler can coordinate multiple local clusters so that it is able to provide a scalable grid environment with much more computing resources and disk space. We designed a grid infrastructure based on GT4 (WSRF) and a metascheduler CSF4. The users can take the advantages of the queuing service and cust omized scheduling polices provided by the metascheduler. CSF4 is enhanced to work with different local schedulers, like LSF, PBS, SGE and Condor etc, in remote clusters. The system supports both GT4 WS\|GRAM and GT2 GRAM (Gatekeeper) and is able to delegate client proxy with full delegation. Furthermore, Gfarm is integrated to the system to provide a global file system for dataintensive applications. The system has been deployed on the test\|bed of PRAGMA (Pacific rim applications & grid middleware assembly). A few of bioinformatic applications, like iGap and wublast, have been run successfully on the system.
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Technology to Solve IP Address Embezzlement at Campus Network Management
ZHANG Yuanming, CHU Zhigang
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  616-620. 
Abstract ( 1338 )   PDF (348KB) ( 273 )  
The article deals with IP address illegal usage at campus network management. After deeply analyzing IP address management process and evaluating some traditional methods for preventing IP address abuse, the authors provided by means of comprehensively using SNMP, Java and SQL Server the “IP address network supervising system”, i.e. timely reading the ARP data from network server and MACPORT data info from users’ switch and comparing them with user basic data find the IP address illegal usage, lock the port and record this to prevent the IP address embezzlement action and achieve the supervise and management to network.
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物理
Subluminal and Superluminal Light Pulse in a Four Level System
XU Tian fu,, SU Xue mei
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  621-624. 
Abstract ( 880 )   PDF (293KB) ( 283 )  
A scheme was proposed to realize subluminal and superluminal propagation for the probe field by controlling the strength of a microwave field in a four-level system at zero-absorption. The effect of the energy-level difference between the two upper superfine levels on the group velocity of the probe field was analyzed. The results between Λ-type three-level and the four-level system were compared. 
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First-principles Investigation of the Superconductivity in CsI under High Pressure
XIN Chun-yu, ZHANG Miao, CUI Tian, MA Yan-ming, ZOU Guang-tian
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  625-629. 
Abstract ( 1467 )   PDF (267KB) ( 318 )  
The band structure, electronic density of states, phonon dispersion, phonon density of states, and electron-phonon coupling in CsI under high pressure were explored via planewave pseudopotential method based on density functional theory. Thus, the physical origin of the superconductivity of CsI under pressure has been probed. The theoretical results suggest that the in\|plane optical vibrational modes couple strongly with electrons, resulting in the observed superconductivity in CsI. 
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Atomic Dipole Squeezing Effects in the System of the Two\|mode Entangled Coherent States Interacting with a Σ-Type Three-level Atom
ZHENG Xiao-hu, CAO Zhuo-liang
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  629-634. 
Abstract ( 1299 )   PDF (332KB) ( 302 )  
The atomic dipole squeezing effects in the system of a two-mode entangled states interacting with a Σ-type three-level atom were studied. We analyzed the effects of the degree of entanglement of the two-mode entangled coherent states, the ground state probability amplitude of atomic initial state, the detuning, and the mean photon numbers on the atomic dipole squeezing effects. The results indicate that the influence of the degree of entanglement of the two-mode entangled coherent states on the atomic dipole squeezing effects isn’t noticeable. While the atomic initial state is in the ground state or excited state, the atomic dipole squeezing effects can not occur. While the probability of atomic initial state in ground state is equal to that in the excited state, the atomic dipole squeezing reaches its maximum. The enhancing of the detuning results in the increase of the frequency of atomic dipole squeezing. When the mean photon number of mode 1 remains unchanged and the mean photon number of mode 2 increases, the depth of atomic dipole squeezing decreases and the frequency of atomic dipole squeezing doesn’t change.
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Displacement Tuning of Fiber Bragg Grating with Temperature Compensation
ZHANG Xiang-lin, TAO Guo, LIU Xin-ru
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  634-636. 
Abstract ( 1304 )   PDF (217KB) ( 354 )  
Based on the principles of various wavelength tuning techniques for fiber Bragg grating (FBG), a higher precision wavelength tuning method is proposed that is easy to realize and by which the interference caused by undetermined temperature is eliminated. The examples of the parameter design and the experimental procedure, as well as the application conditions are presented. The theoretical analyses and the experimental results have demonstrated that this new method for FBG tuning has the advantages of easy to operate and a wider range of wavelength shift with good repeatability.
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Effect on Dose Enhancement of Double Deck Package Materials Produced by X-ray
ZHOU Yin hang, MA Yu gang, LIU Shao lin, SUN Liang, ZHAO Guang yi, MA Chun hui
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  637-640. 
Abstract ( 1093 )   PDF (239KB) ( 302 )  
DEFs (Dose Enhancement Factor) in Silicon produced by X-rays with different energies were calculated via Monte Carlo method for the structures (such as Al/Au-Si, Kovar/Au-Si, Au/Al-Si and Au/Kovar-Si)  of double package materials. The sensitive section of dose enhancement in Silicon of semiconductor device was determined. DEFs at the different sensitive sections in Silicon and the energy ranges of X-ray for dose enhancement were also demonstrated. 
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化学
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Calcium Phosphate\|zirconia Composite Ceramics
ZHAO Hua, LI Wen-xu,, YU De-zhen, WANG Fu-ping
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  641-644. 
Abstract ( 896 )   PDF (338KB) ( 318 )  
Yttria stabilized zirconia ceramics doped with different contents of calcium phosphate were prepared by treatments including ball-milling, cold isostatic pressing and sintering in air at 1 300 ℃, 1 350 ℃ and 1 400 ℃ for 2 h. XRD, SEM and measurements of some mechanical properties on the ceramics were performed. The results show that the composites with 12% to 15% calcium phosphate sintered at 1 350 ℃ and with 15% calcium phosphate sintered at 1 400 ℃ mainly remained tetragonal zirconia (t-ZrO2) phase and a few monoclinic zirconia (m-ZrO2) phase and TCP. The relative densities exceed 95% of the theoretical values. Thus these materials are hopeful of potential application as machinable ceramics in CAD/CAM.
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Application of Nearinfrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy in Controlling Extractant of Cnidium Monieri by Supercritical CO2
LI Wenliang, MI Hong, DOU Ying, CHEN Yonghong, WANG Youbing, REN Yulin
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  645-648. 
Abstract ( 1308 )   PDF (305KB) ( 442 )  
A rapid and nondestructive method using nearinfrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy was presented to determine the principal components (osthol and imperatorin) of Cnidium monieri  extracted by supercritical carbon dioxide. Partial least squares (PLS) method was utilized to establish the calibration models for describing the relationship between the nearinfrared spectral information and each component with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a reference method. The effects of the region sele ction of wavelength and the numbers of principal components on the prediction ab ility of PLS were discussed and the concentrations of the samples of the prediction set were predicted, the predicted results were reliable.
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Determination of Dichlorvos Residues by Flowinjection Chemiluminescence Method
BAO Changli, FAN Xiyue, SONG Haiou, XU Renshun, ZHANG Xiaoyu
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  649-651. 
Abstract ( 960 )   PDF (254KB) ( 376 )  
A new flow injection chemiluminescence(FICL) method for the determination of dichlorvos was developed. The method is based on the CL reaction of dichlorvos with luminolH2O2in the alkaline medium and sensitized by the nonionic surfaceactive agent polyoxyethyle octyl phenyl ether. The results show that the CL intensity is linear to the concentration in the range of 8.00×1 0-8~2.50×10-5 g/mL, with a detection limit of 2.20×10-8g/mL. The standard addition recovery and relative standard deviation (n=6) of three samples were 94.0%~104% and 4.27%~5.75%, respectively. This method has been applied to the determ ination of dichlorvos residues in crops and vegetables.
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生命科学
Ethanolalkali Extraction Method of Astragalus Polysaccharides
TIAN Luo, XUAN Yifang, FAN Rongjun, JIANG Yunlei, XING Ming, LIU Lidong, CHEN Xia
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  652-657. 
Abstract ( 1754 )   PDF (321KB) ( 357 )  
This paper deals with the ethanolalkali extraction method of astragalus polysaccharides, by which the effects of five extraction factors including pH of extraction solvent, the ratio of material to extraction solvent,extraction time, extraction temperature and ethanol concentration of extraction solvent on the rate of extraction were studied. The extraction rate of astragalus poly saccharides extracted by ethanolalkali extraction method was compared with those of water extraction method and alkaliextraction method and the content of astragaluspolysaccharides extracted by ethanolalkali extraction method was detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry and infrared spectrometry. The results show that the extraction rate of ethanolalkali extraction method is 19.15%, 3.53 times that of water extraction method and 2.63 times that of alkali extraction method, the residue of the efficiency components of ethanolalkali extraction method is less than those of the other methods.
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环境科学
Degradation of Phenol by Sodium OxalateFenton Reagent under Simulated Sunlight
KANG Chunli, FENG Shuxia, GUO Ping, GUO Jing, ZHANG Lihui
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  658-662. 
Abstract ( 1349 )   PDF (419KB) ( 345 )  
Degradation of phenol irradiated with a xenon lamp was studied in the presence of sodium oxalateFenton reagent. Effects of light, the initial concentrations of H2O2、C2O2-4、Fe2+ and pH value on the reactions were investigated. The result shows that C2O2-4 can effectively intensify the effect of the Fenton reagent, and under the following conditions, that is, pH=4.0, c(H2O2)=0.735 1 mmol/L, c(Na2C2O4)=0.074 63 mmol/L, c(Fe2+)=0.053 6 mmol/L, the degradation rate of phenol with a mass concent ration of 0.595 2 mmol/L was 76.5% under simulated sunlight irradiation for 90 min and the degradation course obeyed the  one order kinetic equation.The main intermediates were also identified by GCMS,and they were organic acid and benzoquinone.
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Characteristics of Zooplankton Community in the Aquatic Ecosystem of Nanhu Lake of Changchun
SUN Gang,, LANG Yu, FANG Yan
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  663-667. 
Abstract ( 2361 )   PDF (269KB) ( 299 )  
The zooplankton community characteristics were studied in the Nanhu Lake ecosystem of Changchun in 2001~2002. 94 Species of zooplankton were found, including 51 species of Rotifera. The seasonal changes of dominant zooplankton species were obvious. Twice peaks of zooplankton individual number were found in summer and autumn. The annual net and gross productions of zooplan kton were 704.45 kJ·m-2and 1 642.50 kJ·m-2, respectively. The annual gross production of zooplankton was 13.9% of annual net produ ction of phytoplankton. The P/B index of zooplankton community was 41.4(c alculated by Pn)or 96.4(calculated by Pg). Based on the determination result of in situ experiment, the grazing abilities of zooplankton community on phytoplankton and bacteriaplankton were 2.57 kJ·m-2·h-1 and 1.47 μg C·L-1·h-1 respectively, which were 51.7% of phytoplankton net productivity and 32.9% of bacteriaplan kton net productivity in the same period. The carbon amount forming zooplankton net productivity was 8.2% of the total carbon amount fixed by phytoplankton. The zooplankton community indicates, to some extent, the feature of the Nanhu Lake as an eutrophicated lake in tem perate zone.
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Ecological Function and Value of Jingyue Tan Forest Park
YU Hang, DONG Deming, TAO Lei, WANG Xianen, YU Liansheng, HOU Lianyou, KONG Lingjin, YU Xin
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  668-672. 
Abstract ( 1442 )   PDF (479KB) ( 405 )  
With the ecology principle as the standard, the computations of forest park ecology capacity, forest ecology value as well as ecology trail helped the authors to systematically analyse Jingyue Tan forest park ecology function and sustainable development strategic objective and to indicate the tour population of Jingyue Tan forest park at present still slightly lower than the ecology capacity. The forest use value is 3 880 590 000 Yuan, also locates inside the growth and has the b igger use value. Total ecology trail of Jingyue Tan forest park is 79 square kilom etres, identically horizontal with the national other tour areas.
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Simulation of Heavy Metal Ions Migration in Soil
ZHANG Maolian,, WANG Xiangke, CHEN Lei
J4. 2006, 44 (04):  673-677. 
Abstract ( 1403 )   PDF (281KB) ( 330 )  
Based on the theory formula and experimental data, the migration and concentration distribution of heavy metal ions in the environment after a number of years were evaluated by using the parameters in suitable scope. Effects of time, w ater flux density, and distribution coefficients of metal ions on the migration and concentration distribution of heavy metal ions were also simulated in soil. The results indicate that the migration of heavy metal ions in soil is mainly d ominated by the water flux density and distribution coefficients of the metal io ns sorption to soil. The concentrations of the metal ions in soil increase wit h increasing time. The results are important for the evaluation of metal ions po llution to the environment.
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