A one dimension fourthorder finite volume element method based on the LobattoGauss was constructured. The author analysed the stability and convergence of this method, proved the superconvergence of numerical derivatives at the dual partition nodes. The numerical experiments verified the super\|convergence of the method.

Constructing the convergent sequences on cone metric spaces without the assumption of normality, the author discussed the existence problems of
fixed points, generalized a wellknown fixed point theorem and obtained new unique fixed point theorems for the mappings satisfying two different types of Suzuki contractive conditions.

We used the  prior estimation and the method of continuity to study the first initial boundary value problem of -u_tS_k(λ(D²u))=ψ(x,t,u), which is a class of parabolic k-Hessian equations, so as to obtain the existence of the admissible solutions. If the admissible subsolutions exist in general smooth region Ω, there is a prior estimation of the admissible solution. Besides, the solution is unique if ψ_u≥0.

This paper presents the definitions of Hom-Novikov superalgebras and Hom-Novikov-Poisson superalgebras, and the method to construct the Hom-Novikov superalgebras and Hom-Novikov-Poisson superalgebras based on the Hom-associative superalgebras and the even homomorphism.

Using the Leray Schauder nonlinear alternative, we studied the nonlinear boundary value problems involving the distributional HenstockKurzweil integral. In the distributions, we investigated the existence of solution of threepoint boundary value problems for the second order differential equation, which is more extensive.

We mainly studied the instability of homogeneous steadystate solution to the attractiverepulsive KellerSegel model arising chemotaxis. We firstly linearized the system and argued the finite dimensional system including only one parameter. Finally, we proved the sufficient conditions for destabilization using the theory of nonnegative matrix and graph.

Applying the moment inequality for the maximum of partial sums and asymptotic distribution for product of partial sums of NA sequences, the author obtained the asymptotic distribution for random product of partial sums of NA sequences and extended the asymptotic distribution for products of partial sums is  to the random product of partial sums of NA sequences so as to get  asymptotic distribution of random product for a class of random functions.

HaezendonckGoovaerts risk measure was used to investigate the capital allocation in the insurance company. The individual risk in temporal individual risk model was evaluated based on HaezendonckGoovaerts risk measure in the case of the insurer’s total claim ceiling given. The allocated capital for the individual risk and the corresponding Orlicz quantile were computed. Then the relationships between the threshold, the individual risk capital, the confidence level and the insurer’s tolerance upper bound were elaborated in the case of the insurer’s financial safety. Finally, the numerical simulation and comparative analysis were provided. It provides the basis for the decisionmaking for the capital allocation in the insurance company.

The authors made a detailed analysis of stability switches of two inertial neurons model with delaydependent parameters by the method of characteristic root, gave a criterion for stability switches of the systems and analyzed some dynamical behaviors of the systems and chaos solutions.

We considered a two\|variable nonlinear system, namely, the flutter of airfoil. The type of Hopf bifurcation and the stability of periodic solution were analyzed with the method of multiple scales. The nonlinear time delay controller was designed to restrain the flutter caused by Hopf bifurcation. Thus the nonlinear control gain can be determined to transform subcritical Hopf bifurcation into  supercritical one and transform supercritical Hopf bifurcation into  steady points. The results of the theory analysis and numerical simulation show that the designed controller is valid.

We made an investigation into the stochastic optimal control problem of the stochastic delayed system described by forward-backward stochastic pantograph equations with random jumps by virtue of classical variational approach, duality method and the anticipated backward stochastic pantograph equations with random jumps, obtaining the maximum principle for this problem.

Based on the renewal theory and PGF techniques, the problem about optimal control of an M/Hk/1 queueing system with impatient customer and N policy was studied. We obtained the PGF of the queue length and the expected waiting time. The solution of the optimal parameter is analyzed. This system is helpful to solving the more complex optimal management problem.

We applied the variational iteration method to solve the optimization problem, and gave the basic steps of the constrained and unconstrained optimization problems. Finally several specific examples were given to show the efficiency of this method.

An exceptional family of elements were constructed for the P₀ horizonal linear complementarity problem with the equivalent formula of the complementarity problem, an alternative theorem of P₀horizonal linear complementarity problem with a solution was established, and the solvability of it under the condition of  Mx+Ny=0, x≥0, y≥0, x^Ty=0 has unique zero solution was obtained by using this alternative theorem.

In order to improve the image segmentation accuracy, in view of the problems in the traditional fuzzy clustering algorithm, the author proposed an image segmentation algorithm based on improved genetic algorithm optimizing fuzzy means clustering center. First of all, the direction factor was introduced into the crossover operation of standard genetic algorithm to make individual in cross approach to the best individual so as to accelerate the convergence speed, and inter group information sharing mechanism was enhanced to improve the algorithm’s global search capability and avoid the premature convergence so as to improve the accuracy of global solution. Then the initial cluster centers of fuzzy kmeans clustering algorithm were selected by improved genetic algorithm to realize image segmentation. Finally the performance was tested by simulation experiments. The experimental results show that compared with the traditional fuzzy Cmeans clustering algorithm and other images segmentation algorithm, the proposed algorithm is better in segmentation accuracy rate, the segmentation speed and robustness.

For the problem that the grain feature extracted by the traditional LBP operator is not complete and cannot fully represent the local feature of face, an improved LBP operator was proposed based on neighborhood correlation. The operator first calculated the neighborhood correlation of each pixel within the window. And then a new NC_LBP operator was constructed by the neighborhood correlation mean and variance; furthermore, the image local histogram feature was extracted as the basis for face recognition; finally, the Chi square statistic method was used to calculate the histogram dissimilarity, and the classification was performed with KNN algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed improved NC_LBP operator has achieved good recognition results in the ORL, JAFFE and YALE face databases, and the discrimination of features is obvious. The recognition accuracy is greatly improved.

For the problems of low accuracy, and slow locating speed in the existing license plate locating algorithms, a method of license plate locating based on color feature and improved Canny operator was proposed. Firstly, the color feature of the image is used for license plate preliminary locating; the color feature extracted is not included in the luminance information, overcoming the effects of illumination changes effectively. Secondly, based on the indepth research of the Canny edge detection algorithm, a new calculation method of firstorder partial derivative is proposed for the gradient magnitude and gradient direction, at the same time, an adaptive method for high and low dualthreshold determination is also given. Many license plate images were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithm proposed, and the correctness and effectiveness were confirmed, which provides a basis for the pre\|processing of license plate locating in the realtime license plate recognition systems used in the field of intelligent transportation.

According to the problem of high computational complexity and cost in network recommended for traditional Mashup service recommendation, the authors proposed the semi\|supervised ISHC hierarchy description based Mashup service clustering alogrithm. Firstly, the climbing tools were used to collect ProgrammableWeb Mashup service information, and the suffix stripping algorithm was used to modify the Mashup service label with noun form, which was used as the research and analysis data sets. Secondly, in order to improve the accuracy of clustering algorithm, an implantable semi supervised hierarchical clustering algorithm was proposed, to effectively prevent the hierarchical clustering algorithm topping set classification from failure to influence the Mashup service recommendation algorithm accuracy by implantating the core set approach of hierarchical clustering algorithm. The simulation results show that the recommendation accuracy of implantable semi supervised hierarchical clustering algorithm is better than that of comparison algorithm in Mashup services recommendation, which verifys the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.

A fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm based on semisupervised learning was proposed by introducing semisupervised learning into fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm. It has effectively solved the problem that the initial clustering centers random selection of fuzzy C-means algorithm can easily cause the local convergence and affects the clustering. The proposed algorithm can objectively obtain the optimal number of clusters and the initial cluster centers. Compared with the traditional FCM, our method can reduce the number of  iterations and the dependence on initial cluster centers.

The mapmatching algorithm of integrating forwardlooking threestage idea using reference data and historical data with weighted model idea was presented, which reduces the floating car GPS positioning point to be matched sections of the search range so as to greatly reduce the complexity of the algorithm to achieve higher matching accuracy on the basis of urban road network being divided with grid.

For the problem that the number of hidden layer neurons of the BP neural network can only be determined by empirical formula, the authors used the Akaike information criterion in statistics to calculate the optimal network structure. Simulation results show that the accuracy of network intrusion detection is significantly improved by the BP neural network after structural optimization, with an average classification accuracy rate of more than 90%. The overall performance of this algorithm is good.

In order to solve the problem of single k nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) and improve the identification correct rate of Android malicious behavior, the author proposed an identification model of Android malicious behavior based on KNNLSSVM. Firstly, Android behavior samples were collected and the corresponding feature vector was extracted. Then the training samples were input into LSSVM to learn and calculate the distance between sample and classification plane. If the distance was less than threshold, LSSVM was used to recognize the malicious behavior, otherwise KNN algorithm was used to recognize the malicious behavior. Finally, the performance of KNNLSSVM was tested by simulation experiment. The experimental results show that compared with the single KNN algorithm and LSSVM, KNNLSSVM has improved the identification correct rate of Android malicious behavior, and can satisfy the online identification requirements of Android malicious behavior.

The algorithm of wavelet neural network was presented to compress the data of computergenerated hologram  which has much more information and is difficult to raise compression rate. The method can adaptively adjust and process the nonlinear hologram with a strong ability of nonlinear mapping and functional approximation, so that it can greatly reduce the redundancy of information. The obtained compression rate is as low as 156% in the experiments, and at this time the reconstructed image is relatively clear with small distortion. Compared with several current compression algorithms, the proposed hologram compression method of wavelet neural network is feasible and more effective with regard to those holograms with low compression rate.

We proposed a local community detection algorithm based on topological potential, which uses topological potential of nodes to calculate their influence, and then takes the strategy of label propagation algorithm to detect overlap community structures via a new measurement index based on the similarity of local structures. The algorithm solves the problems of parameter setting, random result and high complexity of traditional algorithms. Algorithm comparison experiments on real world and computer generated datasets show that it is efficient.

On the basis of 8intersections model, constraint conditions can be added to topological relations between a region with holes and a simple region so as to represent the topological relations. According to the research of topological relations between a region with holes and a simple region, we established the system of topological relation reasoning, and got the composition table of 17 topological relations. We calculated all kinds of irrigation chances and drew up the effective irrigation mechanism via the topological relations sheet. Reasoning the topological relations between the target region and the rain cloud area, we are able to optimize the use of water resource.

To solve the problems of existed load decomposition methods with the load curve features considered, a nonintrusive processing method based on hex fitting algorithm was proposed. The problems to demand high precision load collection devices and effectively to deal with the same kind of electric appliances under different working modes have been solved. Experiments show that the proposed method could determine the open time, elapsed time and operating mode of electric appliances accurately and process well with the same kind of appliances under use conditions. Meanwhile, by the use of low\|rate sampling, the required data can be obtained directly from the universal smart meters, reducing the cost of inputs, improving users enthusiasm on intelligent electricity, which will provide the construction of smart grid with the basis data.

Aiming at the shortcomings of F5 algorithm, the author improved the embedded mode, avoided the detection of the corresponding algorithm, and overcomed the weakness of F5 algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and effective, it can greatly improve the algorithm of concealment.

The authors studied the problem of finitetime synchronization control of complex networks chaos systems. We designed the controller based on selfadaption approach to make two identical complex networks systems achieve the fast finitetime synchronization and got the sufficient conditions for errors systems to be asymptotically stable.

According to the stability of CrTe and MnTe structures, we selected the NiAs, RS and ZB structures of CrTe as the basic framework, and used Mn atoms to replace Cr atoms to form the diluted magnetic semiconductor Cr_xMn_1-xTe. We used VASP code based on the density functional theory to calculate the formation energy to find the most stable structure, and to calculate the density of state and magnetic moment of Cr_xMn  _1-xTe, and compared the effects of different x values on the performance. We found that the stability sequence of the three kinds of structures from high to low is NiAs structure, RS structure and ZB structure. The structure of NiAs doped with Mn atoms caused the phase to transfer to ZB structure. ZB structure doped with Mn atoms did not cause the phase change. Finally, we researched the magnetic properties of the three structures, the magnetic moment increases with the increase of Mn atoms.

In order to improve sampling of the compression coding technology and constantly improve the imaging spectrometer systems, based on the principles of the sparse decomposition and compressed sensing, hyperspectral remote sensing images were compressed and reconstructed. A fast sparse decomposition algorithm of the image decomposition on over\|complete atomic library was proposed so as to reduce the amount of computing. The simulation results show that the calculation improved processing speed and reduced costs by spectral compression of hyperspectral images carried out with the compressed sensing and bands grouping technology.

Laser ranging system was designed  based on AD500-9. The system is composed of four parts: narrow pulse laser emission circuit,  APD bias circuit, weak photoelectricity signal processing circuit, and time measurement circuit. The timing circuit was tested and verified with selfdesigned standard timing generator. It has realized 10^-10 level time measurement via linear fitting. The analysis shows the distance measurement error is limited to ±0.1 m in outdoor ranging experiment by  software calibration method.

The effects of reaction temperature, stabilizer (NaOH and CH₃COONa), concentrations of NaBH₄ and reactants on the activity of catalyst loaded on carbon fiber prepared by means of diploadreduction were investigated. Catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the hydrolysis dynamics of sodium borohydride was studied. The experimental results show that in the presence of carbon fiber load Co-B catalyst in amorphous form and 0.19 mol/L NaOH stabilizer, at 40 ℃ under alkaline conditions, hydrogen production rate is nearly 96% for catalytic hydrolysis of NaBH4 for about 10 min and hydrolysis reaction is approximately the first order reaction at low sodium borohydride concentration.

A quantitative analysis method for Ranitidine in Ranitidine powder was established by nearinfrared diffuse reflectance spectroscopy combined with movable window partial least squares (MWPLS). The model was optimized by selecting, such as, first order derivative, second order derivative, savitzky golay smoothing and FFT pretreatment methods, and  the hidden number of variables of model was optimized. The degree of the approaching (Da) was employed as the evaluation criterium of selecting effective parameters of  building models. Lastly, the optimum model of determination of Ranitidine powder drugs was obtained. The model was used to predict the correlation values. The results show that the correlation coefficient (Rc) between  predictive value and the true value of the calibration set and that of validation set were 0.984 5 and 0.977 5, respectively. The root mean square errors of the calibration value and validation value were 0.003 1 and 0003 3, respectively. Compared with that of the measurement results of HPLC, its relative error ≤2.422%.

The molecular structure and chiral shift mechanism of α-alanine inside singlewalled armchair SWCNT(5,5),(6,6),(7,7), zigzag SWCNT(9,0),(10,0),(11,0), spiral SWCNT(8,2),(8,3),(8,4),(9,1),(9,2) and (9,3) were studied by  the combined method of quantum chemistry ONIOM (B3LYP/631++g*: UFF). The analysis of molecular structure shows that compared with that of the monomer α-alanine, the molecular structure of α-alanine which is limited to the carbon nanotube of small diameter is significantly stretched along the axial direction of the nanotube.   The bond angle of skeleton C—C—C and H—N—H significantly increased.  The dihedral angles of skeleton C—C—N—C significantly increased.  The researches on the reaction channel and paths of chiral shift show that there is a channel with the help of which hydrogen first transfers inside hydroxyl and then hydrogen in chiral carbon transfers, making hydroxyl 11O as a bridge. The calculation of potential energy surface in chiral shift reaction shows that when α-alanine is limited to the small diameter of the SWCNT(5,5),(9,0),(8,2),(9,1), the energy barriers of hydrogen transfer inside the carboxyl and hydrogen transfer from the chiral carbon to the carbonyl group are significantly reduced. The results show that when α-alanines are limited to carbon nanotubes, the energy barriers of hydrogen transfer of chiral transition decreases with the decreasing diameter of carbon nanotubes. The difference in nanotube chirality makes little effect on energy barrier in the process of hydrogen transfer.

Corn straw biochar may be of an important role in improving soil fertility and controlling nonpoint source pollution of nitrogen and phosphate. Three  biochars named B250,B350 and B450 were produced from corn straw biomass materials at  temperatures  250,350 and 450 ℃, respectively. The characteristics of structure and surface of the biochars were measured by  SEM (scanning electron microscopy) and FTIR (Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy), and the adsorption characteristics of the biochars for nitrogen and phosphate  were also investigated by laboratory simulation. The results from SEM and FTIR show that the pore deformation and the stalk roughness increased as the carbonization temperature rose, furthermore making the pore canal effect easier and the adsorption properties more excellent. Meanwhile, the biochars were of a higher degree of stability enhancement with temperature rising. The results from nitrogen and phosphate adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics on biochars show that B250 released some phosphate from itself during the adsorption process, so adsorption results of B250 is negative, while the adsorption kinetic processes of B350 and B450 were consistent with the Lagergren pseudosecond order kinetic model, and the adsorption isotherms of three  biochars agreed well with the Langmuir formulae. The shortest time to reach the adsorption equilibrium is 5 h for B450, and the longest time to reach the adsorption equilibrium is 12h for B350, while adsorption capacity is in descending order of B450>B350>B250. In addition, the adsorption kinetic process for nitrogen is consistent with the Lagergren pseudosecond order kinetic model, the adsorption isotherms agree well with the model of Langmuir. Adsorption rate of nitrogen on the biochars is in descending order of B450>B350>B250, while adsorption capacity is in descending order of B450>B350>B250.

A p_CO2 plane sensing membrane based on TOA⁺PTS^4- was  developed by physical entrapping fluorescent indicator in the inner side and coverring with a permeable silicone  layer in the out side. With the aid  of camera, the sensor can directly show the variability in the distribution of p_CO2 vertical profile in water/sediment system. The planar fluorosensor was applied to a simulated water/sediment microcosm with the presence of bioturbation. The monitoring results indicate that in the presence of bioturbation, the p_CO2 in the interface of overlying water changed significantly. It goes upward and then becomes stable  gradually. Meanwhile, the diffusive boundary layer of surface sediment disappears gradually, the p_CO2 of sediment in middle layer hardly changes, and p_CO2 of sediment at depth increases to a stable level gradually. The changes of p_CO2 in this system is a complex, multidimensional change, and also a dynamic process which is producing and consuming CO₂. It is the result of the  synthetic actions including physical mixing, life activity of tubificid, organic matter mineralization and other mechanism.

Four kinds of adsorption materialsscoria, bone char, ash and manganese sand were used to remove F^- and SO^2-₄ in water. The research results show that adsorption capacities of scoria and bone char for F^- were 0.092，0.041 mg/g; adsorption capacities of them for SO^2-₄were 5.72,3.99 mg/g. Adsorption capacities of ash and manganese sand for F^- were both below 0.020 mg/g. AndSO^2-₄ was almost not adsorbed by them. Modification was applied in scoria and bone char because of their good adsorption effects. The research results show that Al₂(SO₄)₃ could be used as modifier. Adsorption capacity of scoria which was soaked in 10% Al₂(SO₄)₃ then calcinated at 300 ℃ was the maximum 0.099 mg/g. Adsorption capacity of scoria which was soaked in 10% Al₂(SO₄)₃ was the maximum 5.93 mg/g. Adsorption kinetics of them both followed quasi-secondary dynamics equation.

Zerovalent iron was used to degrade 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments. Effects of temperature, particle size of zerovalent iron, zerovalent iron dosage were studied by the orthogonal experiment. The laboratory experimental results show that the average removal efficiency could reach 56.95% at a temperature of 25 ℃, a particle size of zerovalent iron 0.15 mm, and a zerovalent iron dosage of 2 g.