老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的精准诊断和微创介入治疗进展

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587x.20200337

摘要/Abstract

摘要： X线检查可明确诊断大多数典型的老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折（OVCF），但在判断骨折类型和脊柱稳定性等方面不如计算机断层扫描（CT）。磁共振成像（MRI）能直观判断骨折有无脊髓损伤，对于疑似恶性骨折者，可采用MRI、单光子发射计算机断层成像术（SPECT）-CT、同相和反相化学位移成像、Dixon MRI序列量化脂肪分数及体素内不相干运动成像（IVIM）等方法进行判断。经皮椎体成形术（PVP）和球囊后凸成形术（PKP）是目前最常用的微创介入治疗技术，经皮椎弓根钉内固定术、骨水泥螺钉内固定术、椎体支架植入术、SpineJack系统、KIVA系统、Osseofix系统和钛植入椎体增强装置（TIVAD）等技术也应用于OVCF治疗中。现对目前老年OVCF的诊断技术和化学位移成像等技术在精准诊断良、恶性椎体骨折中的作用进行归纳、总结，并对目前微创介入治疗的最新方法和技术进行综述。

关键词: 骨质疏松症, 椎体压缩性骨折, 精准诊断, 微创介入, 椎体成形术

中图分类号:

R683.2

何涛, 张郡, 刘钦毅. 老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的精准诊断和微创介入治疗进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2020, 46(03): 655-661.

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