关键词: 灵芝菌, 人参茎叶总皂苷, 液体发酵, 抗肿瘤活性

Abstract: Objective: To study the biotransformation rule of the chemical components of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves tranformed by submerged fermentation of ganoderma lucidum, and to lay the foundation for further development and research of the medicinal fungus of ginseng stems and leaves. Methods: The total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves were fermented by ganoderma lucidum,the changes of chemical components before and after fermentation were measured by thin-layer chromatography;the levels of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves before and after fermentation were detected by ultraviolet spectrophotometry;the levels of ginsenoside Rb₁,Rg₃,Rd,CK,Re,Rg, and Rh₁ before and after fermentation were measured by high performance liquid chromatography.The human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells were divided into blank control group,low,medium and high doses of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves groups and medicinal fungus of ginseng stems and leaves groups.The dosages of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves and medicinal fungus of ginseng stems and leaves were 5,10 and 20 mg·L^-1,respectively.The inhibitory rate(IR) of the cells was determined by MTT assay. Results: The results of thin-layer chromatography showed that the saponins before and after fermentation occured mutual transformation;the levels of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves before and after fermentation were 749.98 and 602.26 mg·g^-1,respectively;the levels of panaxadiol saponins Rb₁,Rg₃,Rd and CK before fermentation were 24.54,2.21,87.22 and 0 mg·g^-1,and the levels of panaxatriol saponins Re,Rg and Rh₁ were 151.34,77.02,and 3.06 mg·g^-1.After fermentation,the level of Rb₁ was decreased by 61.45%,the levels of Rg₃,Rd and CK were increased by 238.91%,34.43% and 268.00%.The levels of Re and Rg₁ were decreased by 63.75% and 64.41%,and the level of Rh₁ was increased by 408.88%;the IR of the SMMC-7721 cells in medium dose of medicinal fungus of ginseng stems and leaves group was higher than that in medium dose of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves group(P<0.05);the IR of the SMMC-7721 cells in high dose of medicinal fungus of ginseng stems and leaves group was higher than that in high dose of total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves group(P<0.01). Conclusion: The total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves transformed by the submerged fermentation of ganoderma lucidum can significantly change its chemical components,which have stronger anti-proliferation activity in the SMMC-7721 cells.

Key words: total ginsenosides from ginseng stems and leaves, liquid fermentation, anti-tumor activity, ganoderma lucidum