Abstract: Objective: To analyze the clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, auxiliary examinations, differential diagnosis and treatment methods of the patient with synovial chondromatosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJSC)with disc perforation,and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of TMJSC patients. Methods: The clinical data of one patient with TMJSC were collected,and the diagnosis and treatment process was analyzed, and the related literatures were reviewed. Results: The female 53-year-old patient was admitted to hospital due to occasional tenderness in the right TMJ for more than 1 year. The computerized tomography (CT)results revealed that the changes could be found around the wall of maxillary sinus and the joint. The magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) results showed the diffused nodular, low and equal signals in the joint cavity, the shadow of fluid signals in the joint cavity was increased, and the joint space was broadened.The open surgery was performed in the patient successfully, including the removal of loose bodies and synovectomy, and the pathology result after opration was synovial chondromatosis(SC). No recurrence was found during 6 months after follow-up. Conclusion: The histopathology examination assisted with CT and MRI should be perfomed in the diagnosis of TMJSC. Surgical treatment is an effective method,and the pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for TMJSC.

Key words: synovial chondromatosis of temporomandibular joint, synovial chondromatosis, temporomandibular joint, joint loose body