Objective To discuss the effect of Sirtuins（Sirt） protein family on the male reproductive system damage cell and animal models induced by bisphenol A （BPA）， and to clarify its effect on the male reproductive system damage induced by BPA. Methods Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group， low dose of BPA group （given 3 mg·kg^－1·d^－1 BPA）， medium dose of BPA group （given 30 mg·kg^－1·d^－1 BPA）， and high dose of BPA group （given 300 mg · kg^－1·d^－1 BPA），and there were 10 mice in each group. The mice in low， medium， and high doses of BPA groups were gavaged with corn oil （0.01 mL·g^－1） mixed with corresponding concentrations of BPA， while the mice in control group were given 0.01 mL·g^－1 corn oil. After 5 weeks， the body weights， testis indexes， and epididymal indexes of the mice in various groups were detected； the sperm qualities of the mice in various groups were detected by using computer assisted semen analysis （CASA） system； the morphology of testis tissue of the mice in various groups was observed by HE staining； the expression levels of Sirt1－Sirt7 proteins in testis tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. The GC-2 cells were divided into 0， 20， 40， and 80 μmol·L^－1 BPA groups （treated with 0， 20， 40，and 80 μmol·L^－1 BPA）. The proliferation rates of the GC-2 cells in various groups were detected by EdU staining； the percentages of the GC-2 cells at different cell cycles and the apoptotic rates of GC-2 cells in various groups were detected by flow cytometry；the expression levels of Sirt1－Sirt7 proteins in the GC-2 cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. Results Compared with control group， the testis index of the mice in high dose of BPA group was decreased （P<0.05）； compared with control group， the percentage of immobile sperm of the mice in high dose of BPA group was increased （P<0.01）， the percentage of rapid progressive sperm was decreased （P<0.01）， the percentage of medium progressive sperm was decreased （P<0.05）， and the deformity rate of the sperm was increased （P<0.01）. The HE staining results showed that the number of spermatogenic cells at all levels in the seminiferous tubules of the mice in different doses of BPA groups showed a decreasing and loosely arranged trend. Compared with control group， the expression level of Sirt6 protein in testis tissue of the mice in low dose of BPA group was decreased （P<0.01）， while the expression levels of Sirt1， Sirt2， and Sirt6 proteins in testis tissue of the mice in medium dose of BPA group mice were decreased （P<0.01），the expression levels of Sirt1， Sirt2， Sirt3， Sirt4， Sirt5， Sirt6， and Sirt7 proteins in testis tissue of the mice in high dose of BPA group were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. The EdU staining results showed that compared with 0 μ mol·L^－1 BPA group， the proliferation rates of the GC-2 cells in 20， 40， and 80 μmol·L^－1 BPA groups were decreased （P<0.01）. The flow cytometry results showed that after treated for 48 h， compared with 0 μmol·L^－1 BPA group， the apoptotic rates of the GC-2 cells in 20， 40， and 80 μmol·L^－1 BPA groups were increased （P<0.01）. The Western blotting assay results showed that after treated for 24 h， compared with 0 μmol·L^－1 BPA group， the expression levels of Sirt4 and Sirt7 proteins in GC-2 cells of the mice in 20 μmol·L^－1 BPA group were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）， while the expression levels of Sirt4 and Sirt7 proteins in GC-2 cells of the mice in 80 μmol·L^－1 BPA group decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. After treated for 48 h， compared with 0 μmol·L^－1 BPA group， the expression levels of Sirt2， Sirt3， Sirt4， and Sirt6 proteins in GC-2 cells of the mice in 20 μmol·L^－1 BPA group were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）， while the expression levels of Sirt1， Sirt2， Sirt3， Sirt4， and Sirt6 proteins in GC-2 cells of the mice in 40 μmol·L^－1 BPA group were significantly decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01），and the expression levels of Sirt 5 and Sirt 6 proteins were decreased （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Conclusion The expression levels of Sirt1－Sirt7 proteins in the male reproductive injury cells and animal models induced by BPA are decreased， which exacerbates the male reproductive system damage induced by BPA.

Objective To disuss the effect of glucagon like peptide-1 receptor （GLP-1R） agonist Exendin-4（E4） on injury of cardiomyocytes in the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia（HGHL） environment， and to clarify its related mechanism. Methods The H9C2 cardiomyocytes of the rats were divided into control group， HGHL group， HGHL+E4 group， HGHL+E4+iron death agonist（Erastin） group.The HGHL model of the H9C2 cells was induced by 33 mmol·L^－1 glucose and 500 μmol·L^－1 palmitate，and the cells in HGHL+E4 group and HGHL+E4+Erastin group were treated with 100 nmol·L^－1 E4 and 5 μmol·L^－1 Erastin. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the survival rates of cells in various groups； Hoechst 33258 fluorescence staining was used to observe the apoptosis of cells in various groups； flow cytometry was used to detected the apoptotic rates of cells in various groups；2'，7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate（DCFH-DA） fluorescence probe was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the cells in various groups； the corresponding kit was used to detect the levels of glutathione （GSH） and malondialdehyde （MDA） in cells in various groups；JC-1 staining was used to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential （MMP） in cells in various groups； FerroOrange fluorescence probe was used to detect the levels of Fe²⁺ in the cells in various groups； Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of glutathione peroxidase 4 （GPX4） and solute carrier family 7 member 11（SLC7A11） in the cells in various groups. Results Compared with control group， the survival rate of cells in HGHL group was decreased （P<0.05），and the cells were fragmented and collapsed， which showed apoptotic morphology；the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA in the cells were increased（P<0.05）， the levels of GSH and MMP were decreased（P<0.05）， the level of Fe²⁺ was increased（P<0.05），and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased（P<0.05）.Compared with HGHL group， the survival rate of the cells in HGHL+E4 group was increased （P<0.05），and the apoptosis was decreased；the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA were decreased（P<0.05）， while the levels of GSH and MMP were increased（P<0.05）， the level of Fe²⁺ was decreased（P<0.05）， and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased （P<0.05）.Compared with HGHL+E4 group， the survival rate of the cells in HGHL+E4+Erastin group was decreased（P<0.05）， the cell fragmentation and wrinkling were obviously decreased，the apoptotic rate and the levels of ROS and MDA were increased（P<0.05）， the levels of GSH and MMP were decreased（P<0.05）， the level of Fe²⁺ was increased（P<0.05），and the expression levels of GPX4 and SLC7A11 proteins were decreased（P<0.05）. Conclusion GLP-1R agonists can reduce the cardiomyocyte injury in the HGHL environment， and the protective effect may be related to inhibiting the iron death.

Objective To discuss the effects of different concentrations of apigenin （API） on the inflammatory and polarization response of the mouse mononuclear macrophage cells RAW264.7 induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein （ox-LDL），and to clarify their possible mechanisms. Methods The RAW264.7 cells were divided into RAW264.7 group （without any treatment）and RAW264.7+API group （2， 4， 8， 16 and 32 μmol·L^－1 API）.After the cells were treated for 24 h.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation rates of the cells in various groups.The experimental concentration of API was selected.The RAW264.7 cells were divided into RAW264.7 group（normal RAW264.7 cells）， RAW264.7+ox-LDL group（induced with 0.08 g·L^－1 ox-LDL for 24 h）， RAW264.7+ox-LDL+low dose of API group（induced with 2 μmol·L^－1 API and 0.08 g·L^－1 ox-LDL for 24 h） and RAW264.7+ox-LDL+high dose of API group. Oil red O staining was used to observe the morphology of the foam cells in various groups. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-1β（IL-1β）， interleukin-4（IL-4）， and interleukin-10（IL-10） in the cell culture supernant were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） method. The expression levels of neclear factor-κB（NF-κB） p65， phosphorylated NF-κB（p-NF-κB） p65，inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 6（STAT6）， phosphorylated STAT-6（p-STAT6）， and arginase-1（Arg-1） in the cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. Results The results of CCK-8 assay showed that the proliferation rates of the cells were significantly decreased with the increasing of the concentrations of API （P<0.05）.The non-toxic low concentration （2 μmol·L^－1） and high concentration （8 μmol·L^－1） of API were selected to use in the follow-up experiment.The Oil red O staining results showed that few RAW264.7 cells were stained with Oil red O； a lot of RAW264.7 cells in RAW264.7+ox-LDL group were stained as dark red，and the lipids in the cells were increased，indicating the foam cell model was successfully established； a little of RAW264.7 cells in RAW264.7+ox-LDL+low dose of API group and RAW264.7+ox-LDL+high dose of API group were stained with Oil red O.The ELISA results showed that compared with RAW264.7 group， the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the cell culture supernatant in RAW264.7+ox-LDL group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly decreased （P<0.05）； compared with RAW264.7+ox-LDL group， the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the cell culture supernatant in RAW264.7+ox-LDL+low dose of API group，the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased （P<0.05）.The Western blotting results showed that compared with RAW264.7 group， the expression levels of iNOS and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in the RAW264.7 cells in RAW264.7+ox-LDL group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of Arg-1 and p-STAT6 proteins were significantly decreased （P<0.05）； compared with RAW264.7+ox-LDL group， the expression levels of iNOS and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in the RAW264.7 cells in RAW264.7+ox-LDL+low dose of API group and RAW264.7+ox-LDL+high dose of API group were decreased（P<0.05），and the expression levels of Arg-1 and p-STAT6 proteins were increased（P<0.05）；compared with RAW264.7+ox-LDL+low dose of API group，the expression levels of iNOS and p-NF-κB p65 proteins in the RAW264.7 cells in RAW264.7+ox-LDL+high dose of API group were decreased（P<0.05），and the expression levels of Arg-1 and p-STAT6 proteins were increased（P<0.05）. Conclusion API can inhibit the foam cell formation of RAW264.7 cells induced by ox-LDL and improve the inflammatory response by regulating the polarization from macrophages into M2， and their mechanisms may be related to NF-κB and STAT6 pathways.

Objective To discuss the effect of Cav 3.2 gene in the treatment of stress urinary incontinence （SUI） of the mice by pelvic floor electrical stimulation （PES）， and to clarify its related mechanism. Methods Thirty C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group ［without vaginal dilation （VD） modeling］， VD group （VD modeling）， and VD+PES group （VD modeling combined with PES） according to the intervention measures， and there were 10 mice in each group. The mice were divided into WT-VD group （wild-type VD modeling）， WT-VD+PES group （wild-type VD modeling combined with PES）， KO-VD group （Cav 3.2 knockout type VD modeling）， and KO-VD+PES group （Cav 3.2 knockout type VD modeling combined with PES） according to the genotype and intervention mesures. Masson staining was used to observe the deposition and expression levels of collagen type Ⅰ（Col Ⅰ） and collagen type Ⅲ （Col Ⅲ） collagen fibers in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in various groups. The maximum bladder capacity（MBC） and leakage point pressure （LPP） of the mice in various groups were detected， and the expression levels of integrins β1， calpain 2， Col Ⅰ， and Col Ⅲ proteins in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. Results Compared with VD group， the expression levels of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ collagen fibers in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in VD+PES group mice were significantly increased （P<0.01）； compared with WT-VD group， the expression levels of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ collagen fibers in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in WT-VD+PES group were significantly increased （P<0.01）； compared with WT-VD+PES group， the expression levels of Col I and Col Ⅲ collagen fibers in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in KO-VD and KO-VD+PES groups were significantly decreased （P<0.01）. Compared with control group， the MBC and LPP of the mice in VD group were decreased （P<0.05）； compared with VD group， the MBC and LPP of the mice in VD+PES group were increased （P<0.05）. The Western blotting results showed that compared with VD group， the expression levels of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ proteins in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in VD+PES group were significantly increased （P<0.01）； compared with WT-VD group， the expression levels of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ proteins in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in WT-VD+PES group were increased （P<0.01）； compared with WT-VD+PES group， the expression levels of Col Ⅰ and Col Ⅲ proteins in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissues of the mice in KO-VD and KO-VD+PES groups were significantly decreased（P<0.01）. Compared with WT-VD group， the expression levels of integrin β1 and calpain 2 proteins in urethral and anterior vaginal wall tissue of the mice in WT-VD+PES group were increased significantly （P<0.01）. Conclusion PES can improve the urodynamic function of the mice and promote the generation of pelvic floor collagen and promote the repairment of pelvic floor through the Cav 3.2 gene and its downstream integrin β 1 and calpain 2.

Objective To discuss the protective effectof follistatin-like 1 （FSTL1） on doxorubicin （DOX）-induced acute myocardial injury of the mice，and to clarify its related mechanism. Methods A total of 80 C57BL/6J mice were used to establish the acute myocardial injury models by intraperitoneal injection of DOX for one time.The mice were divided into 5 groups （n=8） according to the different doses （0，5，10，15， and 20 mg·kg^－1） of DOX，and didvided into 5 groups（n=8） according to the different intervention time（0，0.5，1.0，2.0，and 3.0 d）.The other 32 mice were randonly divided into normal saline group，FSTL1 group，DOX group， and DOX-FSTL1 group.The echocardiographic and hemodynamic indexes of the mice in various groups were detected；enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） method was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide（NT-proBNP） and cardiae troponin-T（cTn-T） in serum of the mice in various groups；the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， the levels of malondialdehyde （MDA）， 4-hydroxynonenal （4-HNE） and 15-F_2t isoprostane in myocardium tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by oxidative stress kit；the expression levels of FSTL1 mRNA in myocardium tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR） method； the expression levels of nuclear factor E2 related factor 2 （Nrf2） and FSTL1 proteins in myocardium tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. Results Compared with normal saline group， the left ventricular ejection fraction（LVEF），left ventricular fraction shortening（ LVFS）， left ventricular systolic pressure（LVSP）， maximum rise rate of left ventricular pressure（+dP/dt_max），and maximum drop rate of left ventricular pressure（－dp /dt_max） of the mice in DOX group and DOX+FSTL1 group were significantly decreased（P<0.05）， and the heart rate（HR），left ventricular end-diastolic volume（LVEDV），and left ventricular diastolic pressure were increased （P<0.05）； compared with DOX group， the LVEF，+dP/dt_max， and －dp /dt_max of the mice in DOX+FSTL1 group were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the LVEDV was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with normal saline group， the serum levels of TNF-α， NT-proBNP and cTn-T in serum of the mice in DOX group and DOX+FSTL1 group were significantly increased （P<0.05）； compared with DOX group， the serum levels of NT-proBNP and cTn-T in serum of the mice in DOX+FSTL1 group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with normal saline group， the activity of SOD in myocardium tissue of the mice in DOX group was significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and the levels of MDA， 4-HNE， and 15-F_2t-isoprostane were significantly increased （P<0.05），the level of 15-F_2t-isoprostane in serum of the mice in DOX+FSTL1 group was increased （P<0.05）； compared with DOX group， the SOD activity in myocardium tissue of the mice in DOX+FSTL1 group was increased （P<0.05）， and the levels of MDA， 4-HNE， and 15-F_2t-isoprostane were decreased （P<0.05）.Compared with 0 mg·kg^－1 DOX group， the levels of FSTL1 mRNA in myocardium tissue of the mice in the other groups were significantly decreased with the increasing of the doxorubicin dose （P<0.05）. Compared with DOX 0 d group， the levels of FSTL1 mRNA in myocardium tissue of the mice in the other groups were significantly decreased with the prolongation of the doxorubicin intervention time （P<0.05）. Compared with normal saline group，the expresison levels of FSTL1 and Nrf2 proteins in myocardium tissue of the mice in DOX group was decreased（P<0.05）；compared with DOX group， the expression levels of FSTL1 and Nrf2 proteins in myocardium tissue of the mice in DOX+FSTL1 group were increased （P<0.05）. Conclusion FSTL1 can alleviate the DOX-induced acute myocardial injury and improve the cardiac function by regulating the oxidative stress， and its mechanism may be reated to up-regulating the Nrf2 expression.