吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1620-1630.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201506106
熊德明1,2, 张明峰1, 吴陈君1,2, 妥进才1
Xiong Deming1,2, Zhang Mingfeng1, Wu Chenjun1,2, Tuo Jincai1
摘要:
在特定地质背景下,低熟气可以聚集成藏。由于沉积盆地的古环境、母质类型及有机质演化程度的不同,仅以低熟气源岩物理化学性质为侧重点的烃源岩评价方法很难对不同沉积盆地中的烃源岩的生烃潜力进行相对优劣排序。因此,为了快速有效评价低熟气源岩的生烃潜力,分析了w(TOC)、IH、w("A")等10个因素对气源岩生气能力的影响,建立有效低熟气源岩评价指标体系。并运用层次分析法和模糊数学,建立低熟气源岩生烃潜力评价模型。应用此模型对乌连戈伊气田进行了生烃潜力评价,评价结果表明:Achimov气藏、Bazhenov气藏、Vasyugan气藏、Pokur气藏烃源岩是低熟气源岩;Neocomian气藏和Tyumen气藏烃源岩介于低熟气源岩和常规气源岩之间;Tampey气藏烃源岩属于常规气源岩。这与Galimov所得结论是完全吻合的,说明模型的评价结果是可靠的,可以实现低熟气源岩的综合评价,值得推广应用。
中图分类号:
| [1] 王万春,刘文汇,徐永昌,等.辽河盆地天然气地球化学特征[C]//中国科学院兰州地质研究所. 生物、气体地球化学开放研究实验室研究年报(1987). 兰州:甘肃科学技术出版社,1988:30-47. Wang Wanchun, Liu Wenhui, Xu Yongchang, et al. Geochemical Characteristics of Natural Gases in Liaohe Basin[C]//Annual Report of the Open Lab of Biological and Gas Geochemistry, Lanzhou Institute of Geology, CAS. Lanzhou: Gansu Science and Technology Press, 1988:30-47.[2] Galimov. Sources and Mechanisms of Formation of Gaseous Hydrocarbons in Sedimentary Rocks[J]. Chem Geol, 1988, 71:77-95.[3] 徐永昌,沈平,刘文汇,等. 一种新的天然气成因类型:生物-热催化过渡带气[J]. 中国科学:B辑,1990,(9):975-980. Xu Yongchang, Shen Ping, Liu Wenhui, et al. Natural Gas of New Genetic Type: Bio-Thermo-Catalytic Transitional Zone Gas[J]. Science in China: Series B, 1991, 34(9): 1113-1119.[4] 徐永昌. 天然气形成特征:多源复合、多阶连续[J]. 科学通报,1993,38(2):155-158. Xu Yongchang. Genetic Characteristies of Natural Gases:Multi Source Overlap and Multistage Continuity[J]. China Science Bull, 1993, 38(14):1199-1205.[5] 徐永昌,沈平.天然气成因新模式:Ⅰ:多源复合、主源定型[J].中国科学:B辑,1993,23(6):632-636. Xu Yongchang, Shen Ping. A New Model For the Genesis of Natural Gases Multi Source Overlap: Multi Stage Continuity, Type Controlled by Main Source and Nomenclature by Main Stage :I: Multi Source Overlap Type Controlled by Main Source[J]. Science in China: Series B, 1994, 37(3): 336-343.[6] Rovenskaya, Nemchenko. Prediction of Hydrocarbons in the West Siberia Basin[J]. Bull Cent Rech Explor Prod Elf Aquitaine, 1992, 16:285-318.[7] Nemchenko N N. Origin of Natural Gases in Giant Gas Fields of Northern West Siberia[J]. Geologiya Neftii Gaza, 1999, 1(2):45-56.[8] Cramer. Methan Imnordlichen Westsibirischen Beck-Bildung:Lagerst Attendynamil and Austausch Mitder Atmosphare Ber Forschungszwntrum Julich[J]. Julich Germany, 1997, 34(12):187.[9] 王万春,刘文汇,刘全有. 浅层混源天然气判识的碳同位地球化学分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2003,14(6):469-473. Wang Wanchun, Liu Wenhui, Liu Quanyou. Analyses of the Carbon Isotopic Geochemistry of the Mix-Source Shallow Reservoir Natural Gas Identification[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2003, 14(6):469-473.[10] Galimov E M , Lopatin N V, Shabayeva I V. The Origin of Gases Accumulations in West Siberia[C]// Durrance E M, Galimov E M. Geochemistry of Gasous Elements and Compounds. Athens:Theophrastus Publ,1990:401-417.[11] Galimov E M. Methane δ13C and δD Data on the Origin of Gases in Northern West Siberia[J]. Dokl Akad Nauk, 1995, 342(3):371-374.[12] 刘文汇,徐永昌.论生物-热催化过渡带气[J]. 石油勘探与开发. 2005,32(4):30-36. Liu Wenhui, Xu Yongchang. Bio-Thermocatalytic Transitional Zone Gases[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2005, 32(4):30-36.[13] 徐永昌,王志勇,王晓锋,等.低熟气及我国典型低熟气田[J].中国科学:D辑,2008,38(1):87-93. Xu Yongchang, Wang Zhiyong, Wang Xiaofeng et al. Low-Mature Gas and Typical Low-Mature Gas Fields in China[J]. Science in China: Series D,2008, 38(1) :87-93.[14] 徐永昌,王晓锋,史宝光.低熟气:煤成气理念的延伸[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):408-412. Xu Yongchang, Wang Xiaofeng, Shi Baoguang. Low-Mature Gas: An Extension of the Concept of Coal Formed Gas[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2009, 36(3):408-412.[15] 曾庆鲁. 廊固凹陷河西务构造带天然气成藏主控因素研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2010. Zeng Qinglu. Investigation on the Controlling Factors of Natural Gas Accumulation in the Hexiwu Play of the Langgu Depression[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum (East China), 2010.[16] 曹倩.廊固凹陷柳泉曹家务构造带天然气成藏作用研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2009. Cao Qian. Natural Gas Accumulations in the Liuquan-Caojiawu Play of the Langgu Depression[D]. Qingdao: China University of Petroleum (East China), 2009.[17] 王晓锋,徐永昌,沈平,等. 低熟气地球化学特征与判识指标[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(1): 1-6. Wang Xiaofeng, Xu Yongchang, Shen Ping, et al. Geochemical Characteristics and Identification Indexes of Low-Mature Gases[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2010, 21(1):1-6.[18] 沈平,王晓锋,王志勇,等.吐哈盆地天然气轻烃地球化学特征与低熟气判识[J].科学通报,2010,55(23): 2307-2311. Shen Ping, Wang Xiaofeng, Wang Zhiyong, et al. Geochemical Characteristics of Light Hydrocarbons in Natural Gases from the Turpan-Hami Basin and Identification of Low-Mature Gas[J]. Chinese Science Bull, 2010, 55(23):2307-2311.[19] 国建英,钟宁宁,李剑,等.歧口凹陷烷烃气碳、氢同位素特征及成因类型[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(6):1054-1066. Guo Jianying, Zhong Ningning, Li Jian, et al. Characteristics of Carbon and Hydrogen Isotopes and Genetic Type of Hydrocarbon Gases in Qikou Sag[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011, 22(6):1054-1066.[20] 蒋少斌,宋泽元.准噶尔盆地气源岩热模拟及产气能力分析[J].新疆石油地质,1992,13(1):87-92. Jiang Shaobin, Song Zeyuan. Thermal Modelling and Gas Yield Potential Analysis of Gas Source Rocks in Junggar Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 1992, 13(1):87-92.[21] 熊永强,耿安松,刘金钟,等.生烃动力学模拟实验结合GC-IRMS测定在有效气源岩判识中的应用[J]. 地球化学,2002,31(1):21-24. Xiong Yongqiang, Geng Ansong, Liu Jinzhong, et al. Kinetic Simulating Experiment Combined with GC-IRMS Analysis: Application to Identification of Effective Gas Source Rock[J].Geochemica, 2002, 31(1):21-24.[22] 薛海涛,卢双舫,钟宁宁.碳酸盐岩气源岩有机质丰度下限研究[J].中国科学:D辑:地球科学,2004,34(增刊I):127-133. Xue Haitao, Lu Shuangfang, Zhong Ningning. Study of Threshold Value of Organic Enrichment of Carbonate Gas Source Rocks[J].Science China:Series D :Earth Sciences , 2004(Sup.I):127-133.[23] 廖永胜.高过成熟气源岩评价的若干问题[J].石油勘探与开发, 2005,32(4):147-150. Liao Yongsheng. Some Issues About Evaluation on High-Over Matured Gas Source Rocks[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):147-150.[24] 卢双舫,王振平.塔里木盆地泥质气源岩有效性判别标准[J].石油与天然气地质,1999,20(4):299-301. Lu Shuangfang, Wang Zhenping. Distinguishing Criteria of Validity for Argillaceous Gas Source Rocks in Tarim Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 20(4):299-301.[25] 李浮萍,文志刚,唐友军,等.渤中凹陷下第三系有效气源岩评价[J].石油天然气学报,2006,28(1):16-18. Li Fuping, Wen Zhigang, Tang Youjun, et al. The Third Department of Effective Gas Source Rocks in Bozhong Sag Evaluation[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2006, 28(1):16-18.[26] Whiticar M. Correlation of Natural Gases with Their Sources[J].AAPG Memoir, 1995, 60:261-281.[27] 陈建平,赵长毅,何忠华.煤系有机质生烃潜力评价标准探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(1):1-5. Chen Jianping, Zhao Changyi, He Zhonghua. Criteria for Evaluating the Hydrocarbon Generating Potential of Organic Matter in Coal Measures[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 1997, 24(1):1-5.[28] 李剑,蒋助生,罗霞,等. 高成熟碳酸盐气源岩定量评价标准的探讨[J].石油天然气地质, 1999,20(4):354-356. Li Jian, Jiang Zhusheng, Luo Xia, et al. Discussion on Quantitative Evaluation Criterion for High-Matureed Carbonate Gas Source Rocks[J].Oil & Gas Geology, 1999, 20(4):354-356.[29] 孟繁有,帕尔哈提.准噶尔盆地石炭系成气潜力评价[J]. 新疆石油学院学报,1999,11(2):1-6. Meng Fanyou, Parhati. Evaluation of Gas Pool of Carboniferrous Source Rock in Jungar Basin[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Petroleum Institute, 1999, 11(2):1-6.[30] 张宝民,赵孟军,肖中尧,等.塔里木盆地优质气源岩特征[J]. 新疆石油地质,2000,21(1):34-37. Zhang Baomin, Zhao Mengjun, Xiao Zhongyao, et al. Characteristics of Premium Gas Source Rocks in Tarim Basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2000,21(1):33-37.[31] 谢增业,蒋助生,张英,等. 全岩热模拟新方法及其在气源岩评价中的应用[J]. 沉积学报,2002,20(3):510-513. Xie Zengye, Jiang Zhusheng, Zhang Ying , et al. Novel Method of Whole Rock Pyrolysis and Application to the Evaluation of Source Rock[J].Acta Sedimentological Sinica, 2002, 20(3):510-513.[32] 谢增业,严启团,卢新卫,等. 环境扫描电镜技术在气源岩评价中的应用[J]. 天然气工业,2003,23(4):27-31. Xie Zengye, Yan Qituan, Lu Xinwei, et al. Application of Enviromental Scanning Electron Microscope in Evaluating Gas Source Rocks[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2003, 23(4):27-31.[33] 李宏涛.碳酸盐岩气源岩有机质丰度下限研究[D].大庆:大庆石油学院, 2004. Li Hongtao. Study of Carbonate Source Rocks Evaluation Criterion[D]. Daqing :Daqing Petroleum Institute, 2004.[34] 王兆云,赵文智,王云鹏.中国海相碳酸盐岩气源岩评价指标研究[J].自然科学进展, 2004,14 (11):1236-1243. Wang Zhaoyun, Zhao Wenzhi, Wang Yunpeng. Evaluation Index of Marine Carbonate Gas Source Rock in China[J]. Progress in Natural Science, 2004, 14 (11):1236-1243.[35] 薛海涛,石涵,卢双舫,等. 碳酸盐岩气源岩有机质丰度分级评价标准研究[J]. 天然气工业,2006,26(1):27-28. Xue Haitao, Shi Han, Lu Shuangfang, et al. Study of Threshold Value of Organic Enrichment of Carbonate Gas Source Rocks[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2006, 26(1):27-28.[36] 袁明生,梁世君,徐永昌,等. 低熟气及我国的低熟气区:吐哈油气区[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:51-52. Yuan Mingsheng, Liang Shijun, Xu Yongchang, et al. Low-Mature Gas and Typical Low-Mature Gas Fields in China-Turpan-Hami Basin[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 2011:51-52.[37] 肖芳淳.模糊分析设计在石油工业中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993. Xiao Fangchun. Fuzzy Analysis Design Applications in the Petroleum Industry[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993.[38] 刘育骥.石油工程模糊数学[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1994. Liu Yuji. Petroleum Engineering Fuzzy Mathematics[M].Chengdu: Chengdu University of Science and Technology Press, 1994.[39] 熊德明.油藏注CO2适宜度及开发效果评价体系研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2011. Xiong Deming. The Evaluation of CO2 Miscible Displacement Development Effect in Reservior[D]. Chengdu: Southwest Petroleum University, 2011.[40] 王昌桂,程克明,赵长毅,等.吐哈盆地侏罗系煤成烃地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1998:20-134. Wang Changgui, Cheng Keming, Zhao Changyi, et al. Geochemistry of Coal Generated Hydrocarbons in Jurassic System, Turpan-Hami Basin[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1998:20-134.[41] 郝石生,高岗,王飞宇,等. 高过成熟海相烃源岩[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996. Hao Shisheng, Gao Gang, Wang Feiyu, et al. Evaluation on High-Over Matured Source Rocks in Marine[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1996.[42] 张水昌,梁狄刚,张大江.关于古生界烃源岩有机质丰度的评价标准[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):8-12. Zhang Shuichang, Liang Digang, Zhang Dajiang. Evaluation Criteria for Paleozoic Effective Hydrocarbon Source Rocks[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2002, 29(2):8-12.[43] 王东良,李欣,李书琴,等. 未成熟-低成熟煤系烃源岩生烃潜力的评价:以塔东北地区为例[J]. 中国矿业大学学报:自然科学版,2001,30(3):317-321. Wang Dongliang, Li Xin, Li Shuqin, et al. Assessment Standards for Hydrocarbon-Generating Potential of Hydrocarbon Source Rock in Immature to Low-Matured Coal Measures in Northeastern Tarim Basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2001, 30(3):317-321.[44] 秦建中,贾蓉芬,郭爱明,等. 华北地区煤系烃源层油气生成运移评价[M].北京:科学出版社,1998. Qin Jianzhong, Jia Rongfen, Guo Aiming, et al. Evaluation of Hydrocarbon Source Layer of Hydrocarbon Generation and Migration in North China[M]. Beijing: Science Press, 1998.[45] 程顶胜,刘松,吴培红. 塔里木盆地石炭系生烃潜力的模糊数学综合评价[J].石油学报,2000,21(1):34-39. Cheng Dingsheng, Liu Song, Wu Peihong. Comprehensive Evaluation by Fuzzy Mathematics on Hydrocarbon Generation Potential of Carbon Ferrous Source Rocks in Tarim Basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2000, 21(1):34-39.[46] 周杰,庞雄奇. 一种生、排烃量计算方法探讨与应用[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2002,29(1):24-27. Zhou Jie, Pang Xiongqi. A Method for Calculating the Quantity of Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2002, 29(1):24-27.[47] 侯读杰,冯子辉. 油气地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011:186-188. Hou Dujie, Feng Zhihui. Petroleum Geochemistry[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2011:186-188.[48] Tissot B P, Welte D H. Petroleum Formation and Occurrence: A New Approach to Oil and Gas Exploration[M]. New York:Springer Verlag, 1978: 50-70.[49] Rainer G Schaefer , Yurii I Galushkin. Reaction Kinetics of Gas Generation in Selected Source Rocks of the West Siberian Basin Implications for the Mass Balance of Early-Thermogenic Methane[J].Chemical Geology, 1999, 156:41-65.[50] Littke R, Cramer B, Gerling P, et al. Gas Generation and Accumulation in the West Siberian Basin[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1999, 83(10): 1642-1665.[51] Baskin D K. 利用干酪根H/C比评价烃源岩热成熟度与生烃潜力[J]. 刘全有,译. 天然气地球科学,2002:13(5/6):41-49. Baskin D K. Atomic H/C Ratio of Kerogen as an Estimate of Thermal Maturity and Organic Matter Conversion[J]. Translated by Liu Quanyou. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2002, 13(5/6):41-49.[52] 陈晓明,李建忠,郑民,等. 干酪根溶解理论及其在页岩气评价中的应用探索[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):14-18. Chen Xiaoming, Li Jianzhong, Zheng Min, et al. Kerogen Solution Theory and Its Exploratory Application in Shale Gas Assessment[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2012, 23(1):14-18.[53] Whiticar M. Correlation of Natural Gases with Their Sources[J].AAPG Memoir, 1995, 60:261-281. |
| [1] | 杨烁, 丁毅, 杜发述, 祖贺川, 张君毅, 刘强, 张祺, 苏涛. 二连盆地阿南凹陷腾格尔组构造-岩性油气藏形成条件及富集模式[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(3): 754-767. |
| [2] | 任宪军, 石云倩. 松辽盆地南部下白垩统火石岭组钙碱性火山岩地球化学特征及成因[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(3): 818-834. |
| [3] | 张恩威, 孟庆涛, 唐佰强, 胡菲, 党微. 基于机器学习的TOC测井预测方法:以松辽盆地南部青山口组一段为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(3): 1062-1075. |
| [4] | 蔡攀, 谢风猛, 刘海宁, 苗元梓, 蔡来星. 济阳坳陷义东地区中—古生界古潜山断控成山过程及其控藏规律 [J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 435-452. |
| [5] | 纪泽雨, 唐华风, 李本仙. 无机天然氢类型、成因及我国生氢潜力 [J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 413-434. |
| [6] | 王健, 张媛瑗, 吴楠, 徐清海, 崔子岳, 刘显凤, 付清萌. 鄂尔多斯盆地志靖—安塞地区长7段夹层型页岩油储层特征及分类评价[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 453-468. |
| [7] | 王振军. 油气储层裂缝预测进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 469-482. |
| [8] | 李新琦, 霍飞宇, 赵志平, 崔普媛, 李祺. 渤中凹陷中生界火山岩规模性裂缝储层特征及成因#br#[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 483-496. |
| [9] | 黄玉龙, 张皓, 郭强, 陈昌. 低阻玄武岩的矿物学特征及其油气地质意义——以辽河坳陷古近系为例 [J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(2): 511-521. |
| [10] | 许中杰, 冷龙, 朱占平, 段煜, 张芳霞, 徐大志. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷古近纪构造背景分析:来自碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学的证据[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2026, 56(1): 229-251. |
| [11] | 唐华风, 付琦, 尹永康, 高有峰, 户景松, 武海超, 田志文. 花岗岩潜山储层地质研究回顾[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2025, 55(6): 1806-1836. |
| [12] | 柳蓉, 何天鑫, 张浩然, 刘强浩, 张苡铭. 中国典型含油气盆地热液作用及其对沉积环境的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2025, 55(6): 1785-1805. |
| [13] | 吴小奇, 刘全有, 王萍, 黎华继, 朱东亚, 李朋朋. 沉积盆地天然气藏中氦气贫化机理及资源潜力:以四川盆地新场气田为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2025, 55(6): 1837-1850. |
| [14] | 王伟明, 胡美硕, 焦立新, 杨斌, 苗长盛, 孙宏亮, 周志超, 曲希玉, . 三塘湖盆地下石炭统新层系石油地质条件及勘探潜力 [J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2025, 55(5): 1401-1419. |
| [15] | 蔡嵩, 郑金云, 李振升, 舒梁锋, 靳瑶瑶, . 珠江口盆地番禺低隆区构造调控下断陷湖盆源—汇响应特征 [J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2025, 55(5): 1420-1433. |
|