吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2021, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 1243-1255.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20200123
胡斌, 王德利, 王睿, 朱虹宇
Hu Bin, Wang Deli, Wang Rui, Zhu Hongyu
摘要: 多次波压制一直是海洋地震数据处理的研究重点,SRME(surface-related multiple elimination)方法通过多次波预测、自适应减去两个步骤实现多次波压制,具有压制精度高、模型依赖度低等优点,是工业界广泛采用的方法。但是常规减去方法在一次波、多次波交叉位置易出现一次波损伤、多次波残留等现象,进而增加后续地震处理、解释的难度。本文在前人研究的基础上,提出了基于经验低秩表示的自适应多次波减去方法。首先,采用经验低秩表示方法,将地震数据自适应地分解为信噪比高、倾角单一、同相轴相位圆滑的低秩倾角分量,简化地震数据倾角成分的复杂程度,以优化低秩表示过程中局部窗口的参数选择问题;然后,在不同低秩倾角分量中分别采用基于能量最小原则的匹配减去方法,避免匹配过程出现同相轴交叉,并重构各分量,在保证计算效率的前提下提升多次波压制效果。针对理论数据和实际数据进行了有效性测试,本文方法在多次波压制结果和保幅性两方面优于传统方法,并采用抗噪性测试证明了该方法的鲁棒性。
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