珠江口盆地西江主洼油气差异分布机制

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20200140

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 西江主洼是珠江口盆地一个低勘探程度洼陷，油气差异聚集特征明显，但其机理不清。本文在断陷盆地油气成藏理论指导下，利用研究区地质、地球物理和地球化学等资料，开展了烃源岩、断盖组合、储集体系和运聚模式等方面的研究。结果表明，裂陷期沉降、沉积中心有序迁移，造成主力烃源岩自东向西由文四段迁移至文三段、文一+二段，控制东、西部油气差异分布。恩平组区域性泥岩发育且晚期断裂缺乏，导致油气纵向上更易聚集于下构造层；区域泥岩减薄尖灭或晚期断裂切开盖层的区域，上构造层有一定油气分布。"源-汇"类型从宏观上控制储层优劣，影响下构造层油气富集程度；"仓储"运移是控制上构造层油气规模聚集的主要模式。下构造层古近系应作为重点部署方向，东部围绕文四段、西部围绕文三段、文一+二段烃源岩构成的含油气系统展开；上构造层勘探需关注珠海组，在隆起周边寻找具备"仓储"运移模式的有利区带。

关键词: 珠江口盆地, 珠一坳陷, 西江主洼, 断陷盆地, 油气差异聚集, 主控因素, 成藏模式

Abstract: Xijiang main sag is one of the low exploration sags in the Pearl River Mouth basin. The existing oil and gas traps have obvious differential accumulation patterns, whose formation mechanisms are unclear. Under the guidance of hydrocarbon accumulation theory of fault basins, the source rocks, faults and cap rocks combinations, reservoirs, migration and accumulation patterns are studied by using geological, geophysical and geochemical data. The subsiding centers and primary source rocks transferred from east to west, from the WC 4 Member to the WC 3 Member and the WC 1+2 Member, in the rifting periods. These transferences control the differences of oil-gas distribution between the east and the west. The mudstones in Enping Formation have good quality and large volume. Vertically, high grade source rocks and the lack of later active faults make the oil and gas accumulate in the lower structural layer more easily. In the area where the the mudstone become thinning regionally or the cap rocks are cut partly by later active faults, oil and gas distribute in upper structural layers. The types of "source-to-sink" controls the quality of reservoirs and impacts on the oil and gas accumulating to the lower structural layer. "Storage" migration is the primary mode of the oil and gas accumulating to the upper structural layer. The lower Paleogene structural layer could be one of the key exploration directions, which are the petroleum system around source rocks of the WC 4 Member in the east and the WC 3 & WC 1+2 Members in the west. In the upper structural layers, explorationist should pay more attention on Zhuhai Formation, and find the potential oil and gas zones with "storage" migration mode around the uplifts.

Key words: Pearl River Mouth basin, Zhu 1 depression, Xijiang main sag, faulted basin, differential enrichment of oil and gas, main controlling factors, accumulation model

中图分类号:

TE122

刘培, 张向涛, 林鹤鸣, 杜家元, 冯进, 陈维涛, 梁杰, 贾培蒙. 珠江口盆地西江主洼油气差异分布机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2021, 51(1): 52-64.

Liu Pei, Zhang Xiangtao, Lin Heming, Du Jiayuan, Feng Jin, Chen Weitao, Liang Jie, Jia Peimeng. Distribution Mechanism of Oil and Gas in Xijiang Main Depression of Pearl River Mouth Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2021, 51(1): 52-64.

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