吉林大学学报(地球科学版) ›› 2018, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 854-862.doi: 10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.20170174

• 地质工程与环境工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

松花江上游表层沉积物中重金属元素时空分布特征

徐军1, 郝立波1, 赵新运1, 赵玉岩1, 马成有1, 魏俏巧1, 吴超2,3, 石厚礼4   

  1. 1. 吉林大学地球探测科学与技术学院, 长春 130026;
    2. 国土资源部地球化学探测技术重点实验室, 河北 廊坊 065000;
    3. 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所, 河北 廊坊 065000;
    4. 山东省第五地质矿产勘查院, 山东 泰安 271000
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-22 出版日期:2018-05-26 发布日期:2018-05-26
  • 通讯作者: 赵新运(1988-),男,讲师,博士,主要从事地球化学研究工作,E-mail:zhaoxy15@jlu.edu.cn E-mail:zhaoxy15@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:徐军(1975-),男,硕士研究生,副研究员,主要从事地球化学研究工作,E-mail:xj@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（AS2016P02）；中国地质调查局项目（20089941）

Spatial-Temporal Distribution of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments from Upper Reaches of the Songhua River

Xu Jun1, Hao Libo1, Zhao Xinyun1, Zhao Yuyan1, Ma Chengyou1, Wei Qiaoqiao1, Wu Chao2,3, Shi Houli4   

  1. 1. College of GeoExploration Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun 130026, China;
    2. Key Laboratory of Geochemical Exploration, Ministry of Land and Resources, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China;
    3. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, CAGS, Langfang 065000, Hebei, China;
    4. No.5 Exploration Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Taian 271000, Shandong, China
  • Received:2017-09-22 Online:2018-05-26 Published:2018-05-26
  • Supported by:
    Supported by Basal Research Fund of Central Public Welfare Scientific Institution (AS2016P02) and Research Grant from the China Geological Survey (20089941)

PDF (PC)

222

摘要： 松花江是我国七大河流之一，研究其底泥重金属元素的时空分布特征对流域的水环境治理具有重要意义。本文对松花江（哈达山至松花湖段）底泥（表层沉积物）中元素As、Hg、Cr、Cd、Pb的分布特征进行了研究，并利用地累积指数分析了这些元素的污染状况。结果表明：研究区底泥几乎未受到As、Cr和Pb的污染，但多数地段内出现了Cd和Hg的污染，尤其是元素Hg，在个别地段的污染程度达到了极强；与10年前相比，一些重金属的污染得到了明显改善，但吉林市区段内Hg的污染仍非常严重。污染样品空间分布特征表明，松花江吉林市区段可能有来自工农业废水的重金属污染。

关键词: 地累积指数, 重金属, 时空分布, 底泥, 松花江

Abstract: The Songhua River is one of the seven major rivers in China. The study of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of heavy metal elements in the sediment is of great significance for the water environment control of the basin. In this study, an effort is made to clarify the distribution characteristics of As, Hg, Cr, Cd and Pb in the surface sediments from the Songhua River (Hadashan-Songhua Lake region), and to evaluate the status of the heavy metal pollution using the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo). The Igeo values reveal that almost all the sediments are free from pollution by As, Cr and Pb; In contrast, most of the sediments are contaminated with Cd and Hg, especially Hg. The Hg contamination level is extremely high in individual stretch of the river. Compared with the situation of ten years ago, the pollutions of these heavy metals have been greatly reduced, except that the Hg pollution is still very serious in the region of Jilin City. The spatial distribution characteristics of polluted sediments indicate that the region of Jilin City may be significantly polluted by the heavy metals from industrial and agricultural wastewater.

Key words: index of geo-accumulation, heavy metal, spatial-temporal distribution, sediment, Songhua River

中图分类号: 

  • P66
[1] 张凤英,阎百兴,朱立禄. 松花江沉积物重金属形态赋存特征研究[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2010, 29(1):163-167. Zhang Fengying, Yan baixing, Zhu Lilu. Speciation of Heavy Metals in Sediment of the Songhua River, Northeast of China[J]. Journal of Agro-Environment Science, 2010, 29(1):163-167.
[2] 汪福顺,刘丛强,灌瑾,等. 贵州阿哈水库沉积物中重金属二次污染的趋势分析[J]. 长江流域资源与环境,2009, 18(4):379-383. Wang Fushun, Liu Congqiang, Guan jin, et al. Trend Analysis of the Recycling of Heavy Metals in Sediments of Aha Lake, Guizhou Province[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2009, 18(4):379-383.
[3] 周军,高凤杰,张宝杰,等. 松花江表层沉积物有毒重金属污染的潜在生物毒性风险评价[J]. 环境科学学报,2014, 34(10):2701-2708. Zhou Jun, Gao Fengjie, Zhang Baojie, et al. Assessment on the Potential Biological Toxicity Risk of Toxic Heavy Metals in the Surficial Sediments of Songhua River[J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2014, 34(10):2701-2708.
[4] 陆继龙,郝立波,赵玉岩,等. 第二松花江中下游水体重金属特征及潜在生态风险[J]. 环境科学与技术,2009, 32(5):168-172. Lu Jilong, Hao Libo, Zhao Yuyan, et al. Contents and Potential Ecological Risk of Heavy Metals in Middle and Lower Reaches of Second Songhua River[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2009, 32(5):168-172.
[5] 孙洋阳. 松花江哈尔滨段水质调查与底泥吸附释放特性研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2012. Sun Yangyang. Study on Survey of Water Quality and Sediment Adsorption and Release of Songhua River in Harbin Section[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2012.
[6] 李鱼,王檬,张琛,等. 基于分式析因及最佳子集回归的多种污染物复合污染特征:阿特拉津与多种污染物在松花江沉积物上的吸附效应[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2013, 43(5):1595-1602. Li Yu, Wang Meng, Zhang Chen, et al. Composite Contamination Effects About Atrazine with a Variety of Pollutants Based on Fractional Factorial Design and Best Subset Regression[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(5):1595-1602.
[7] 宫凯悦. 松花江哈尔滨段河流底泥重金属污染及内源释放规律研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014. Gong Kaiyue. Study on the Release Law and Pollution Features of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of Harbin Section of Songhua River[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2014.
[8] 吕世峰. 松花江哈尔滨段沉积物污染评估及重金属富集规律研究[D]. 哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2015. Lü Shifeng. Study on Pollution Assessment and the Accumulation Law of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of Harbin Section of Songhua River[D]. Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology, 2015.
[9] 焦龙,祁佩时,宫凯悦,等. 松花江底泥沉积物中重金属释放影响因素的研究[J]. 环境保护科学,2016, 42(2):85-89. Jiao Long, Qi Peishi, Gong Kaiyue, et al. Impacting Factors of Heavy Metal Release from Sediments of Songhua River[J]. Environmental Protection Science, 2016, 42(2):85-89.
[10] Li N, Tian Y, Zhang J, et al. Heavy Metal Conta-mination Status and Source Apportionment in Sediments of Songhua River Harbin Region, Northeast China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2017, 24(4):3214-3225.
[11] 郝立波,孙立吉,陆继龙,等. 第二松花江中上游悬浮物重金属元素分布特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2010, 40(2):327-330. Hao Libo, Sun Liji, Lu Jilong, et al. Distribution Characteristics of the Heavy Metals of the Suspended Solids in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Second Songhua River[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2010, 40(2):327-330.
[12] HJ780-2015土壤和沉积物:无机元素的测定:波长色散X射线荧光光谱法[S]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社,2016. HJ780-2015 Soil and Sediment:Determination of Inorganic Element:Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry[S]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press, 2016.
[13] HJ680-2013土壤和沉积物:汞、砷、硒、铋、锑的测定:微波消解/原子荧光法[S]. 北京:中国环境科学出版社,2014. HJ680-2013 Soil and Sediment:Determination of Mercury, Arsenic, Selenium, Bismuth, Antimony:Microwave Dissolution/Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry[S]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press, 2014.
[14] GB/T17141-1997土壤质量:铅、镉的测定:石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法[S/OL]. (2017-01-17)http://www.std.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=5DDA8BA0369718DEE05397BE0A0A95A7 GB/T17141-1997 Soil Quality:Determination of Lead, Cadmium:Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry[S/OL]. (2017-01-17)http://www.std.gov.cn/gb/search/gbDetailed?id=5DDA8BA0369718DEE05397BE0A0A95A7
[15] 李巍. 第二松花江中下游土壤异常元素分布特征及原因[D]. 长春:吉林大学,2008. Li Wei. Distribution Characteristics and Reasons of Anomalous Elements in Soil from the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Second Songhua River[D]. Changchun:Jilin University, 2008.
[16] Yang Y Q, Liu Z L, Chen F R, et al. Assessment of Trace Element Contamination in Sediment Cores from the Pearl River and Estuary, South China:Geochemical and Multivariate Analysis Approaches[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2014, 186(12):8089-8107.
[17] Wang J W, Liu R M, Zhang P P, et al. Spatial Variation, Environmental Assessment and Source Identification of Heavy Metals In Sediments of the Yangtze River Estuary[J]. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2014, 87:364-373.
[18] Cheng Q L, Wang R L, Huang W H, et al. Assessment of Heavy Metal Contamination in the Sediments from the Yellow River Wetland National Nature Reserve (the Sanmenxia Section), China[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2015, 22(11):8586-8593.
[19] Tang W Z, Zhao Y, Wang C, et al. Heavy Metal Contamination of Overlying Waters and Bed Sediments of Haihe Basin in China[J]. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 2013, 98:317-323.
[20] Cheng H X, Li M, Zhao C D, et al. Concentrations of Toxic Metals and Ecological Risk Assessment for Sediments of Major Freshwater Lakes in China[J]. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 2015, 157:15-26.
[21] Muller G. Index of Geo-Accumulation in Sediments of the Rhine River[J]. GeoJournal, 1969, 2(3):108-118.
[22] 滕彦国,庹先国,倪师军,等. 应用地质累积指数评价沉积物中重金属污染:选择地球化学背景的影响[J]. 环境科学与技术,2002, 25(2):7-9. Teng Yanguo, Tuo Xianguo, Ni Shijun, et al. Applying Geo-Accumulation Index to Assess Heavy Metal Pollution in Sediment:Influence of Different Geochemical Background[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2002, 25(2):7-9.
[23] 佘中盛,王晓君,刘玉青,等. 松花江流域环境问题研究[M]. 北京:科学出版社,1992:67-74. She Zhongsheng, Wang Xiaojun, Liu Yuqing, et al.Study on Environmental Issues of the Songhua River Basin[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1992:67-74.
[24] 刘宝林,毕淑云,董德明,等. 松花江上游水体沉积物中若干重金属元素的自然背景值[J]. 吉林农业大学学报,2014, 36(4):454-459. Liu Baolin, Bi Shuyun, Dong Deming, et al. Background Values of Certain Heavy Metal Elements in the Sediments of the Upper Reach of Songhua River[J]. Journal of Jilin Agricultural University, 2014, 36(4):454-459.
[25] 王宁,朱颜明. 松花湖水源地重金属非点源污染调查[J]. 中国环境科学,2000, 20(5):419-421. Wang Ning, Zhu Yanming. The Survey on Non-Point Source Pollution of Heavy Metals in Songhua River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2000, 20(5):419-421.
[26] 李雅芬,王景,王宁. 松花江上游金矿开采区河流水体和沉积物中汞的污染特征及风险评估[J]. 农业环境科学学报,2013, 32(3):622-628. Li Yafen, Wang Jing, Wang Ning. Distribution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Mercury Pollution in the River Water and Sediment of the Songhua River Upstream Gold Mining Area[J]. Journal of Argo-Environment Science, 2013, 32(3):622-628.
[1] 代杰瑞, 喻超, 张明杰, 董建, 胡雪平. 淄博市区大气颗粒物重金属元素分布特征及其来源分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(4): 1201-1211.
[2] 陆继龙, 刘奇志, 王春珍, 蔡波, 郝立波, 尹业长, 赵玉岩. 二道松花江沉积物重金属特征及其潜在生态风险[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2018, 48(2): 566-573.
[3] 李鸿雁, 李悦, 刘海琼, 王小军, 王世界, 王傲. SIMHYD模型在松花江流域应用的适应性分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2017, 47(5): 1502-1510.
[4] 李永涛, 郭高山, 顾延生, 韦林, 何思远. 钢厂周边污染土壤的电性与磁性特征及其环境意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2017, 47(5): 1543-1551.
[5] 吕斌, 王涛, 童英, 张磊, 杨奇荻, 张建军. 中亚造山带东部岩浆热液矿床时空分布特征及其构造背景[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2017, 47(2): 305-343.
[6] 周长松, 邹胜章, 李录娟, 朱丹尼, 卢海平, 夏日元. 岩溶区典型石灰土Cd形态指示意义及风险评价——以桂林毛村为例[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2016, 46(2): 552-562.
[7] 赵建如, 初凤友, 金路, 杨克红, 葛倩. 珠江口西部海域表层沉积物重金属元素多尺度空间变化特征[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(6): 1772-1780.
[8] 曹玲珑，王建华，黄楚光，倪志鑫，金钢雄，瓦西拉里，陈慧娴. 大亚湾表层沉积物重金属元素形态特征、控制因素及风险评价分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(6): 1988-1999.
[9] 陈圣波，李鑫龙，陈磊. 基于地面实测光谱的水系沉积物重金属含量反演[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014, 44(4): 1388-1394.
[10] 李鱼，王檬，张琛，高茜. 基于分式析因及最佳子集回归的多种污染物复合污染特征--阿特拉津与多种污染物在松花江沉积物上的吸附效应[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(5): 1595-1602.
[11] 王博,夏敦胜,贾佳,余晔,许淑婧. 中国西北地区典型钢铁工业城市表土重金属污染的环境磁学响应[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(3): 962-973.
[12] 魏华玲，周国华，孙彬彬,刘占元，曾道明. 浙江省东部土壤元素地球化学特征及意义[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2013, 43(2): 564-572.
[13] 汤洁, 李娜, 李海毅, 卞建民, 李昭阳, 崔玉军. 大庆市大气干湿沉降重金属元素通量及来源[J]. J4, 2012, 42(2): 507-513.
[14] 郭平, 宋杨, 谢忠雷, 张迎新, 李悦铭, 张赛. 冻融作用对黑土和棕壤中Pb、Cd吸附/解吸特征的影响[J]. J4, 2012, 42(1): 226-232.
[15] 孙少晨, 魏怀斌, 肖伟华, 周祖昊, 王浩, 贺华翔. 冰封期水动力水质模型在松花江水污染事件中的应用[J]. J4, 2011, 41(5): 1548-1553.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
版权所有 © 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》编辑部
地址：长春市西民主大街938号(130026)　电话：+86-431-88502374；13756165364　E-mail: xuebao1956@jlu.edu.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发