基于集合卡尔曼滤波的多相流模型参数估计——以室内二维砂箱中重质非水相污染物入渗为例

doi:10.13278/j.cnki.jjuese.201703205

Abstract

Abstract: The migration behavior and distribution of dense non-aqueous phase liquid(DNAPL)in subsurface are greatly influenced by geological heterogeneity. To fully understand the DNAPL source-zone architecture, parameter estimation is needed to characterize the permeability heterogeneity in multiphase flow simulation. The data assimilation method based on ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is applied to solve this parameter estimation problem. The performances of EnKF are investigated and compared by applying EnKF to a real-world and a synthetic DNAPL infiltration experiment in a two-dimensional laboratory-scale sandbox. The factors to control the performance of data assimilation in multiphase flow are also discussed. The results showed that the EnKF method can effectively estimate multiphase model parameters via DNAPL saturation observations. With the increased sampling density in spatial and time scale, EnKF exhibits a promotion of computational accuracy. Especially, EnKF method can produce satisfactory estimation when increasing the spatial sampling density in the high DNAPL-saturation region.

Key words: dense non-aqueous phase liquid, heterogeneity, permeability, ensemble Kalman filter, parameter estimation

CLC Number:

P641.69

Kang Xueyuan, Shi Xiaoqing, Shi Liangsheng, Wu Jichun. Inverse Multiphase Flow Simulation Using Ensemble Kalman Filter: Application to a 2D Sandbox Experiment of DNAPL Migration[J].Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(3): 848-859.

References

[1] 施小清,姜蓓蕾,吴吉春,等. 非均质介质中重非水相污染物运移受泄漏速率影响数值分析[J]. 水科学进展,2012,23(3): 376-382. Shi Xiaoqing, Jiang Beilei, Wu Jichun, et al. Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Leakage Rate on Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Transport in Heterogonous Porous Media[J]. Advances in Water Science, 2012,23(3): 376-382.
[2] 郑菲,高燕维,施小清,等. 地下水流速及介质非均质性对重非水相流体运移的影响[J]. 水利学报,2015,46(8): 925-933. Zheng Fei, Gao Yanwei, Shi Xiaoqing, et al. Influence of Groundwater Flow Velocity and Geological Heterogeneity on DNAPL Migration in Saturated Porous Media[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 2015,46(8): 925-933.
[3] Gerhard J I, Pang T W, Kueper B H. Time Scales of DNAPL Migration in Sandy Aquifers Examined via Numerical Simulation[J]. Ground Water, 2007, 45(2): 147-157.
[4] 杨宾,李慧颖,伍斌,等. 4种NAPLs污染物在二维砂箱中的指进锋面形态特征研究[J]. 环境科学,2013,34(4): 1545-1552. Yang Bin, Li Huiying, Wu Bin, et al. Sand Box Study on Fingering Front Morphology for NAPLs Infiltrated in Homogeneous Porous Media[J]. Environmental Science,2013,34(4): 1545-1552.
[5] 黄倩,王锦国,陈舟,等. 黏滞性对LNAPL在非饱和多孔介质中优先流影响的试验研究[J]. 河海大学学报(自然科学版),2015,43(1): 66-71. Huang Qian, Wang Jinguo, Chen Zhou, et al. Experimental Study of Impacts of Viscosity of LNAPL on Preferential Flow in Unsaturated Porous Media[J]. Journal of Hohai University(Natural Sciences),2015,43(1): 66-71.
[6] Nsir K, Schäfer G, Roupert R D C, et al. Laboratory Experiments on DNAPL Gravity Fingering in Water-Saturated Porous Media[J]. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2012, 40: 83-92.
[7] 施小清,吴吉春,刘德朋,等. 饱和介质中重非水相液体运移的数值模拟及敏感性分析[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版),2011,47(3): 299-307. Shi Xiaoqing, Wu Jichun, Liu Depeng, et al. Numerical Simulation of Transportation of Dense Non Aqueous Phase Liquids in the Subsurface Environment[J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Nature Science),2011,47(3): 299-307.
[8] Fagerlund F, Niemi A, Illangasekare T H. Modeling of Nonaqueous Phase Liquid (NAPL) Migration in Heterogeneous Saturated Media: Effects of Hysteresis and Fluid Immobility in Constitutive Relations[J],Water Resources Research, 2006, 44: 893-897.
[9] 白静,赵勇胜,陈子方,等. 孔隙介质特性影响Tween80溶液冲洗修复NAPL污染含水层模拟实验[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2012,42(增刊3): 239-244. Bai Jing, Zhao Yongsheng, Chen Zifang, et al. Experimental Simulation of Porous Medium Characteristics on Tween80 Solution Flushing of NAPL from Contaminated Aquifer[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),2012,42(Sup.3): 239-244.
[10] 郑菲,高燕维,孙媛媛,等. 污染源区结构特征对Tween 80去除DNAPL效果的影响[J]. 中国环境科学,2016,36(7): 2035-2042. Zheng Fei, Gao Yanwei, Sun Yuanyuan,et al. The Influence of Source-Zone Architecture on DNAPL Removal by Tween 80 Flushing[J]. Environmental Science,2016,36(7): 2035-2042.
[11] 程洲,吴吉春,徐红霞,等. DNAPL在透镜体及表面活性剂作用下的运移研究[J]. 中国环境科学,2014,34(11): 2888-2896. Cheng Zhou, Wu Jichun, Xu Hongxia, et al. Investigation of the Migration Characteristic of DNAPL in Aquifer with Lenses and Under the Action of Surfactant Flushing[J]. China Environmental Science,2014,34(11): 2888-2896.
[12] 张蔚,施小清,吴剑锋,等. 渗透率空间变异性对重非水相流体运移的影响[J]. 高校地质学报,2013,19(4): 677-682. Zhang Wei, Shi Xiaoqing, Wu Jianfeng, et al. Impacts of the Spatial Variation of Permeability on the Transport of Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids in Porous Media[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2013,19(4): 677-682.
[13] Yang Z, Zandin H, Niemi A, et al. The Role of Geological Heterogeneity and Variability in Water Infiltration on Non-Aqueous Phase Liquid Migration[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2013, 68(7): 2085-2097.
[14] 邓亚平,郑菲,施小清,等. 多孔介质中DNAPLs运移行为研究进展[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学),2016,52(3): 409-420. Deng Yaping, Zheng Fei, Shi Xiaoqing, et al. Review on the Transport of Dense Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids in Porous Media[J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences),2016,52(3): 409-420.
[15] Yeh W W. Review: Optimization Methods for Groun-dwater Modeling and Management[J]. Hydrogeology Journal,2015, 23(6): 1051-1065.
[16] 王景瑞,胡立堂,尹文杰. iTOUGH2反演模型在地下水模拟中的应用[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2015,42(1): 35-41. Wang Jingrui, Hu Litang, Yin Wenjie. Application of iTOUGH2 to Groundwater Modeling[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2015,42(1): 35-41.
[17] Lee S J, Mcpherson B J, Vasquez F G. Leakage Pathway Estimation Using iTOUGH2 in a Multiphase Flow System for Geologic CO₂ Storage[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2015, 74(6): 5111-5128.
[18] 陆乐,吴吉春. 地下水数值模拟不确定性的贝叶斯分析[J]. 水利学报,2010,41(3): 264-271. Lu Le, Wu Jichun. Bayesian Analysis of Uncertainties in Groundwater Numerical Simulation[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2010,41(3): 264-271.
[19] 陆乐,吴吉春,陈景雅. 基于贝叶斯方法的水文地质参数识别[J]. 水文地质工程地质,2008,35(5): 58-63. Lu Le, Wu Jichun, Chen Jingya, et al. Identification of Hydrogeological Parameters Based on the Bayesian Method[J]. Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology,2008,35(5): 58-63.
[20] Finsterle S. iTOUGH2 User's Guide[R]. Berkeley:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,1999.
[21] Liang B. An Ensemble Kalman Filter Modulefor Au-tomatic History Matching[D]. Austin: University of Texas,2007.
[22] Oliver D S, Chen Y. Recent Progress on Reservoir History Matching: A Review[J]. Computational Geosciences,2011, 15(1): 185-221.
[23] Oliver D S, Reynolds A C, Liu N. Inverse Theory for Petroleum Reservoir Characterization and History Matching[J]. Journal of Affective Disorders,2008, 175C: 488-493.
[24] Evensen G. Sequential Data Assimilation with a No-nlinear Quasi-Geostrophic Model Using Monte Carlo Methods to Forecast Error Statistics[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1994, 99(C5): 10143-10162.
[25] Kalman R E. A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Theory[J]. J Basic Eng Trans Asme,1960, 82D(1): 35-45.
[26] Song X, Shi L, Ye M, et al. Numerical Comparison of Iterative Ensemble Kalman filters for Unsaturated Flow Inverse Modeling[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2014, 13(2):1-12.
[27] Geir N, Johnsen L M, Aanonsen S I, et al. Reservoir Monitoring and Continuous Model Updating Using Ensemble Kalman Filter[J]. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,2003, 10(1): 66-74.
[28] Jahanbakhshi S, Pishyaie M R, Boozarjomehry R B. Joint Estimation of Absolute and Relative Permeabilities Using Ensemble-Based Kalman Filter[J]. Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015, 26: 1232-1245.
[29] Panzeri M, Riva M, Guadagnini A, et al. Data Assi-milation and Parameter Estimation via Ensemble Kalman Filter Coupled with Stochastic Moment Equations of Transient Groundwater Flow[J]. Water Resources Research,2013, 49: 1334-1344.
[30] Liao Q, Zhang D. Data Assimilation for Strongly Nonlinear Problems by Transformed Ensemble Kalman Filter[J]. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,2015, 20(1): 202-221.
[31] Man J, Li W, Zeng L, et al. Data Assimilation for Unsaturated Flow Models with Restart Adaptive Probabilistic Collocation Based Kalman Filter[J]. Advances in Water Resources,2016, 92: 258-270.
[32] Erdal D, Rahman M A, Neuweiler I. The Importance of State Transformations when Using the Ensemble Kalman filter for Unsaturated Flow Modeling: Dealing with Strong Nonlinearities[J]. Advances in Water Resources,2015, 86: 354-365.
[33] Pruess K, Oldenburg C, Moridis G. TOUGH2 User's Guide Version 2.0[R]. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,1999.
[34] 杨艳林,许天福,李佳琦,等. 应用TOUGH模拟二氧化碳地质储存过程的复杂地质体建模技术与实现[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2014, 44(4): 1307-1313. Yang Yanlin, Xu Tianfu, Li Jiaqi, et al. Complex Geological Body Modeling and Implementation of CO₂ Geological Storage Simulation Using TOUGH[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),2014, 44(4): 1307-1313.
[35] 郭亮亮,张延军,许天福,等. 大庆徐家围子不同储层改造的干热岩潜力评估[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版),2016,46(2):525-535. Guo Liangliang,Zhang Yanjun,Xu Tianfu,et al. Evaluation of Hot Dry Rock Resource Potential Under Different Reservoir Conditions in Xujiaweizi Area,Daqing[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2016, 46(2):525-535.
[36] 李正伟, 张延军, 郭亮亮,等. 松辽盆地北部干热岩开发水热产出预测[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2015, 45(4):1189-1197. Li Zhengwei,Zhang Yanjun,Guo Liangliang,et al. Prediction of Hydrothermal Production from Hot Dry Rock Development in Northern Songliao Basin. [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(4):1189-1197.
[37] Falta R W, Pruess K, Finsterle S, et al. T2VOC User's Guide[R]. Berkeley: Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,1995.
[38] 高燕维,郑菲,施小清,等. 基于透射光法探讨水流流速对DNAPL运移分布的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2015,36(7): 2532-2539. Gao Yanwei, Zheng Fei, Shi Xiaoqing, et al. Laboratory Investigation of DNAPL Migration Behavior and Distribution at Varying Flow Velocities Based on Light Transmission Method[J]. Environmental Science,2015,36(7): 2532-2539.
[39] 章艳红,叶淑君,吴吉春. 光透法定量两相流中流体饱和度的模型及其应用[J]. 环境科学,2014,35(6): 2120-2128. Zhang Yanhong, Ye Shujun, Wu Jichun. Models for Quantification of Fluid Saturation in Two-Phase Flow System by Light Transmission Method and Its Application[J]. Environmental Science,2014,35(6): 2120-2128.
[40] 史良胜,杨金忠,李少龙,等. 基于KL-Galerkin解法的地下水流动随机分析[J]. 四川大学学报(工程科学版),2005,37(5): 31-35. Shi Liangsheng, Yang Jinzhong, Li Shaolong, et al. Stochastic Analysis of Subsurface Flow Based on KL-Galerkin Method[J]. Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering Science Edition),2005,37(5): 31-35.
[41] 史良胜,杨金忠,陈伏龙,等. Karhunen-Loeve展开在土性各向异性随机场模拟中的应用研究[J]. 岩土力学,2007,28(11): 2303-2308. Shi Liangsheng, Yang Jinzhong, Chen Fulong, et al. Research on Application of Karhunen-Loeve Expansion to Simulating Anisotropic Random Field of Soil Property[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(11): 2303-2308.
[42] 张秋汝,史良胜,林琳,等. 非饱和土壤水的集合卡尔曼滤波:Ⅱ:不一致性问题解决方法比较[J]. 水利学报,2015,46(12): 1470-1478. Zhang Qiuru, Shi Liangsheng, Lin Lin, et al. Ensemble Kalman Filter for Unsaturated Soil Water Flow: Ⅱ:Comparison of Methods to Deal with Inconsistency[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2015,46(12): 1470-1478.
[43] 施小清,吴吉春,袁永生. 渗透系数空间变异性研究[J]. 水科学进展,2005,16(2): 210-215. Shi Xiaoqing, Wu Jichun, Yuan Yongsheng. Study on the Spatial Variability of Hydraulic Conductivity[J]. Advances in Water Science,2005,16(2): 210-215.
[44] 史良胜,张秋汝,宋雪航,等. 地下水位在非饱和水流数据同化中的应用[J]. 水科学进展,2015, 26(3): 404-412. Shi Liangsheng, Zhang Qiuru, Song Xuehang, et al. Application of Groundwater Level Data to Data Assimilation for Unsaturated Flow[J]. Advances in Water Science,2015, 26(3): 404-412.
[45] 曹少华,曾献奎,蒋建国,等. 基于局域化集合卡尔曼滤波的含水层弥散度场识别研究[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学),2016,52(3): 429-437. Cao Shaohua, Zeng Xiankui, Jiang Jianguo, et al. An Approach Based on Localized Ensemble Kalman Filter to Identify Groundwater Dispersivity Field [J]. Journal of Nanjing University (Natural Sciences), 2016,52(3): 429-437.
[46] 宋雪航,史良胜,杨金忠. 基于集合卡尔曼滤波的潜水动态预测方法[J]. 武汉大学学报(工学版),2014,47(3): 324-331. Song Xuehang, Shi Liangsheng, Yang Jinzhong. Application of Ensemble Kalman Filter to Phreatic Water Flow[J]. Journal of Wuhan University (Engineering Science Edition),2014,47(3): 324-331.
[47] Chen Y, Zhang D. Data Assimilation for Transient Flow in Geologic Formations via Ensemble Kalman Filter[J]. Advances in Water Resources,2006, 29(8): 1107-1122.
[48] 崔凯鹏,吴吉春. 观测数据时空密度对集合卡尔曼滤波计算精度的影响[J]. 水利学报,2013,44(8): 915-923. Cui Kaipeng, Wu Jichun. Effect of Observation Data Time/Spatial Density on Ensemble Kalman Filter[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2013,44(8): 915-923.
[49] Nan T, Wu J. Groundwater Parameter Estimation Using the Ensemble Kalman Filter with Localization[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2011, 19(3): 547-561.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

Comments

Recommended 10

[1]	Wu Yuankun, Liu Chenglin, Yu Chunyong.. Main Controlling Factors and Accumulation Mode of Deep Oil in Shuangcheng Fault Depression of Songliao Basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2024, 54(5): 1443 -1456 .
[2]	Ma Rong, Shi Jiansheng, Liu Jichao. Application of Artificial Endocrine Network Model in Studying of Hydrogeology Parameter[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2013, 43(3): 914 -921 .
[3]	Li Ning, Wang Chengwen. Formation and Evolution of Jiamusi-Mongolia Block and Contact Relationship of Late Paleozoic Strata in Northeast China and Adjacent Region[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2017, 47(5): 1331 -1340 .
[4]	HU Da-qian, CHU Feng-you, YAO Jie. The Mineral Composition and Element Geochimestry of CoEnriched Crust from the YJA Sea Mount in the Central Pacific Ocean[J]. J4, 2006, 36(01): 32 -0037 .
[5]	JIANG Xue, CHENG Ri-hui, YU Min-feng. Climate and Tectonic Controls on the Rift Stratigraphy:Analysis of Zscape Model and its Application in the BeianFaulting Depression of the Songliao Basin[J]. J4, 2006, 36(01): 54 -0059 .
[6]	LI Chun-bai，ZHANG Xin-tao，LIU Li，REN Yan-guang,MENG Peng. The Thermal Fluid Activities and Their Modification on Volcaniclastic Rock in Budate Group-An Example from the Beier Sag of Hailaer Basin[J]. J4, 2006, 36(02): 221 -0226 .
[7]	Meng Xiangang, Bo Wanju, Liu Zhiguang, LiuYong, Chang Liu, Li Chaozhu, Wang Ziping. Activity in the Middle East of Bayan Har Block with Lushan M_S 7.0 Earthquake[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2014, 44(5): 1705 -1711 .
[8]	Chen Huanqing, Liang Shuxian, Shu Zhirui, Deng Xiaojuan, Peng Shouchang. Characteristics of Conglomerate Reservoir Architecture of Alluvial Fan and Its Controlling Effects to Reservoir Development:Taking Alluvial Fan Reservoir in Some Area of Northwest Margin of Junggar Basin as an Example[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2015, 45(1): 13 -24 .
[9]	JIA Dacheng, XING Lixin, PAN Jun, M. J. van Bergen, H. van Roermund. Geochemical Characteristics of the AluminumEnriched Spinels in Xenoliths from the Upper Mantle Shear Belt in Yitong，Northeastern China[J]. J4, 2006, 36(04): 497 -502 .
[10]	XIE Zhong-lei, YANG Bai-ling, BAO Guo-zhang,DONG De-ming. Fractionation and Its Affecting Factors of Nickel in Tea Garden Soils[J]. J4, 2006, 36(04): 599 -604 .

Inverse Multiphase Flow Simulation Using Ensemble Kalman Filter: Application to a 2D Sandbox Experiment of DNAPL Migration

PDF (PC)

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 10

[1]	Wei Runchu, Jiang Weijian , Ouyang Qi, Sheng Feng, Chen Hongwei, Huang He, Shuai Huan. Percolation Mechanism of Sand Medium Based on Image Analysis [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2026, 56(2): 625-634.
[2]	Lu Yan, Liu Zongbin, Liao Xinwu, Li Chao, Wang Ya. Fluid Flow Characteristics in Low-Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2025, 55(4): 1077-1090.
[3]	Chen Huanqing, Gong Liang, Sun Lei, Han Jie. High-Resolution Sequence Stratigraphy of Yulou Oil Bearing Sets in Western Depression of Liaohe Basin [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2025, 55(3): 731-744.
[4]	Zhang Yi, Liu Ping, Zhou Xiang. Main Controlling Factors and Distribution of Conventional and Unconventional Oil Within the 4th Member of Quantou Formation in Wangfu Area, Songliao Basin [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2025, 55(1): 46-56.
[5]	Yuan Yilong, Tang Jiawei, Li Peng, He Ruimin, Guo Qiang, Zhong Chenghao. Permeability Evolution of Granite with Rough Fracture Under Thermal-Mechanical Coupling [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2025, 55(1): 179-187.
[6]	Wang Ya, Liu Zongbin, Ma Kuiqian, Lu Yan, Liu Chao. Pore Structure Evaluation of Low-Permeability Sandstones Based on LDA Assisted SSOM Algorithm [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2025, 55(1): 298-311.
[7]	Guo Gang, Li Xin, Han Yakun, Li Feng, Chen Ying, Li Linzhi. Diagenetic Facies Types and Their Control on Reservoirs of Eocene Pinghu Formation in Pinghu Slope, Xihu Sag， East China Sea Basin [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2024, 54(5): 1494-1505.
[8]	Liu Zongbin, Li Chao, Lu Yan, Wang Ya, Huang Jianting. Fluid Occurrence State and Permeability Evaluation of Low-Permeability Sandstone Based on Pore Structure Characterization [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2024, 54(4): 1124-1136.
[9]	Chen Liang, Zhang Tianyu, Wang Yanzhang, Zhou Haigen, Jiang Chuandong, . Amplitude Extraction of Ground-Airborne Frequency-Domain Electromagnetic Signals Based on Synchroextracting Transform [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2024, 54(2): 647-654.
[10]	Cidan Yangzong, Li Hongyan, Li Xiaofeng, . Method and Application of SWAT Model Parameter Calibration for Spatial Heterogeneity of Snowmelt Runoff in Cold Regions of Northeast China: A Case Study of Baishan Basin [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2023, 53(1): 230-240.
[11]	Li Qin, Jia Zhuo, Li Jiangang, Tang Hongmei, Zhan Cong, Zhao Yongsheng, . Cutoff Phenol Polluted Groundwater with Activated Carbon Modified Soil-Bentonite Slurry Wall [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2023, 53(1): 251-260.
[12]	Hou Xianmu, Wang Fuyong, Zai Yun, Lian Peiqing. Prediction of Carbonate Porosity and Permeability Based on Machine Learning and Logging Data [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2022, 52(2): 644-653.
[13]	Fu Chendong, Wang Aiyun. Improvement of New Three-Water Model and Determination of Its Parameters [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2022, 52(2): 654-661.
[14]	Shi Wenhao, Yang Tianhong. Numerical Simulation on Anisotropic Seepage Characteristics in Dip Layered Rock Slope with Interaction of Seepage and Stress [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2021, 51(6): 1783-1788.
[15]	Cheng Rui, Zhu Lin, Zhou Jiahui, Guo Gaoxuan, Guo Lin, Li Huijun, Chen Beibei. Spatio-Temporal Heterogeneity and Driving Factors of Land Subsidence in Middle-Lower Part of Chaobai River Alluvial Fan [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2021, 51(4): 1182-1192.