吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 2451-2459.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20221393

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇    

凸面法兰连接下的螺栓载荷均匀性分析

李玲(),杜旭阳,王晶晶,阮晓光(),蔡安江   

  1. 西安建筑科技大学 机电工程学院，西安 710055
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2024-09-01 发布日期:2024-10-28
  • 通讯作者: 阮晓光 E-mail:liling@xauat.edu.cn;rxgly@126.com
  • 作者简介:李玲（1981-），男，教授，博士.研究方向：机械动力学和接触力学.E-mail：liling@xauat.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51975449);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021GY-309)

Analysis of bolt load uniformity under convex flange connection

Ling LI(),Xu-yang DU,Jing-jing WANG,Xiao-guang RUAN(),An-jiang CAI   

  1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology，Xi'an 710055，China
  • Received:2022-11-01 Online:2024-09-01 Published:2024-10-28
  • Contact: Xiao-guang RUAN E-mail:liling@xauat.edu.cn;rxgly@126.com

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摘要：

通过构建弹性相互作用模型，优化凸面法兰连接的螺栓预紧力均匀性。将一次弹性相互作用系数法扩展至多次拧紧过程，通过解析模型预测各拧紧步数下所有螺栓的初始预紧力。建立三维有限元模型验证其准确性，并探究拧紧顺序与步数的影响。结果表明：对称拧紧三步法可最小化弹性相互作用，提升预紧力均匀性。考虑弹性相互作用的模型进一步优化了均匀性，更接近目标值。该方法有效解决了预紧力分散问题，为螺栓法兰结构的安全可靠性设计提供了科学依据。

关键词: 螺栓法兰连接, 弹性相互作用, 预紧力, 载荷均匀性

Abstract:

The study aims to optimize the uniformity of bolt preload by constructing elastic interaction models and optimizing the flange connection with convex surfaces. The elastic interaction coefficient method is extended to multiple tightening processes， and the initial preload of all bolts at each tightening step is predicted by the analytical model. A three-dimensional finite element model is established to verify its accuracy and explore the effects of tightening sequence and steps. The results show that the symmetric tightening method of three steps minimizes the elastic interaction and improves the uniformity of preload. The model considering elastic interaction further optimizes the uniformity， closer to the target value. This method effectively solves the problem of uneven preload and provides scientific basis for the safety and reliability design of bolt flange structures.

Key words: bolted flange connection, elastic interaction, preload, load uniformity

中图分类号: 

  • TG95

图1

NPS4-900型法兰二维图"

图2

螺栓法兰连接结构有限元模型"

表1

仿真工况"

序号加载方式备注
1拧紧顺序

对称拧紧

顺序拧紧

间歇拧紧

2拧紧步数

一步

三步

图3

拧紧顺序"

图4

对称拧紧的数值与实验分析"

图5

间歇拧紧螺栓预紧力"

图6

顺序拧紧螺栓预紧力"

图7

对称拧紧螺栓预紧力"

图8

一次拧紧螺栓预紧力"

图9

三次拧紧螺栓预紧力"

图10

每个拧紧步数各个螺栓施加的预紧力"

图11

考虑弹性相互作用与不考虑弹性相互作用最终预紧力对比"

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