Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 345-354.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240849

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Fault-tolerant control for driving permanent magnet synchronous motor using T-type three-level inverter

Hai LIN(),Chun-ran SONG,Si-yi CHENG,Yan-ming LI   

  1. School of Electronics and Control Engineering，Chang'an University，Xi'an 710064，China
  • Received:2024-07-28 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-17

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Abstract:

In the vector control system of a T-type three-level inverter for permanent magnet synchronous motors，switch failures such as open circuits or short circuits are common occurrences.These failures can disrupt the original modulation strategy，leading to distortion in the three-phase currents，which in turn causes fluctuations in speed and torque，severely impacting system stability.To mitigate these issues，this study proposes a fault-tolerant topology for the T-type three-level inverter and a corresponding fault-tolerant five-segment space vector pulse width modulation（SVPWM）strategy.The new topology can uniformly convert potential short-circuit faults into open-circuit faults，thereby reducing the damage caused by short-circuit faults to the system.Faults are categorized based on the number of affected phases，and when the fault type meets the feasibility requirements of the fault-tolerant modulation strategy，the system automatically switches to the fault-tolerant five-segment SVPWM strategy to ensure normal operation during fault conditions.Simulation and experimental results validate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed topology and modulation strategy in practical applications.

Key words: T-type three-level inverter, space vector pulse width modulation, permanent magnet synchronous motor, fault-tolerant control

CLC Number: 

  • TM464

Fig.1

Fault-tolerant T-type three-level inverter"

Fig.2

Single-phase typical fault"

Fig.3

Two-phase typical fault"

Fig.4

Three-phase typical fault"

Table 1

Feasibility of modulation"

故障类型故障开关管容错调制策略可行性
单相SC1、SC4√
SC2、SC3√
SC1、SC2×
两相SB1、SC1√
SB1、SC4×
SB2、SC2√
SB1、SC2、SC3√
三相SA1、SB1、SC1√
SA4、SB1、SC1×
SA1、SB2、SC2×
SA2、SB2、SC2√

Fig.5

Sector division"

Table 2

Vector order table"

扇区号矢量顺序
作用时间T1/2-T2/2-T3-T2/2-T1/2
Ⅰ（1）NNN-PNN-PON-PNN-NNN
Ⅰ（2）NNN-PON-PPN-PON-NNN
Ⅱ（1）NNN-OPN-PPN-OPN-NNN
Ⅱ（2）NNN-NPN-OPN-NPN-NNN
ⅢNNN-NPN-NPP-NPN-NNN
Ⅳ（1）NNN-NOP-NPP-NOP-NNN
Ⅳ（2）NNN-NNP-NOP-NNP-NNN
Ⅴ（1）NNN-NNP-ONP-NNP-NNN
Ⅴ（2）NNN-ONP-PNP-ONP-NNN
ⅥNNN-PNN-PNP-PNN-NNN

Table 3

Vector action time"

扇区号矢量作用时间
Ⅰ（1）T11/2-T12/2-T13-T12/2-T11/2
Ⅰ（2）T21/2-T22/2-T23-T22/2-T21/2
Ⅱ（1）T11/2-T13/2-T12-T13/2-T11/2
Ⅱ（2）T21/2-T23/2-T22-T23/2-T21/2
ⅢT31/2-T32/2-T33-T32/2-T31/2
Ⅳ（1）T11/2-T13/2-T12-T13/2-T11/2
Ⅳ（2）T21/2-T23/2-T22-T23/2-T21/2
Ⅴ（1）T11/2-T12/2-T13-T12/2-T11/2
Ⅴ（2）T21/2-T22/2-T23-T22/2-T21/2
ⅥT31/2-T33/2-T32-T33/2-T31/2

Fig.6

Switch timing diagram"

Fig.7

Switching timing decomposition"

Table 4

Modulated wave height"

大扇区小扇区调制波高度：Ta1、Ta2、Tb1、Tb2、Tc1、Tc2
Ⅰ1TA、TA、TS/2、TB、TS/2、TS/2
2TA、TA、TB、TA、TS/2、TS/2
Ⅱ1TB、TA、TA、TA、TS/2、TS/2
2TS/2、TB、TA、TA、TS/2、TS/2
Ⅲ—TS/2、TS/2、TA、TA、TB、TB
Ⅳ1TS/2、TS/2、TB、TA、TA、TA
2TS/2、TS/2、TS/2、TB、TA、TA
Ⅴ1TS/2、TB、TS/2、TS/2、TA、TA
2TB、TA、TS/2、TS/2、TA、TA
Ⅵ—TA、TA、TS/2、TS/2、TB、TB

Fig.8

Block diagram of fault-tolerant control system for PMSM based on T-type three-level inverter"

Table 5

Simulation model parameters"

参数取值
定子电阻Rs/Ω0.958
直轴电感Ld/mH5.25
交轴电感Lq/mH12
固定磁链Ψ/Wb0.187 2
直流侧电压Udc/V1 000
给定转速Vref/rpm1 000
负载转矩TL/（N·m-1）10

Fig.9

Fault characteristics of phase C"

Fig.10

Fault characteristics of phase B， C"

Fig.11

Fault characteristics of three phases"

Table 6

Experimental platform parameters"

参数取值
定子电阻Rs/Ω1.15
直轴电感Ld/mH2.1
交轴电感Lq/mH2.1
固定磁链Ψ/Wb0.020 669
额定电压U/V48
额定电流I/A2.8
额定转速V/（r·min-1）3 000
直流侧电压Udc/V48
分压电容C1、C2/μF330
开关频率f/kHz10
给定转速Vref/（r·min-1）1 000
负载转矩TL/（N·m-1）0.5
继电器动作时间TJ/ms<10
熔断器动作时间TF/ms15~20
中断更新时间TI/ms0.1

Fig.12

Experimental platform"

Fig.13

Fault characteristics of phase C"

Fig.14

Fault characteristics of phase BC"

Fig.15

Fault characteristics of three phases"

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