Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (9): 2034-2043.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20220331

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Optimal control method of fuel cell start⁃up in low temperature environment

Yun-feng HU1,2(),Tong YU1,2,Hui-ce YANG1,2,Yao SUN1()   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.College of Communication Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
  • Received:2022-03-29 Online:2022-09-01 Published:2022-09-13
  • Contact: Yao SUN E-mail:huyf@jlu.edu.cn;syao@jlu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

Combined with the temperature change and icing in the process of fuel cell cold start， a control oriented third-order fuel cell cold start model was established. Aiming at the unmeasurable ice volume fraction of cathode and anode， an ice volume fraction estimation method based on extended state observer was proposed. On this basis， according to the characteristics of constraint and coupling nonlinearity in the cold start process of fuel cell， an optimal control method of fuel cell cold start system based on nonlinear model predictive control was proposed， which realizes the double optimization objectives of improving the rapidity of cold start system and reducing hydrogen consumption. Finally， simulation experiments verify the effectiveness of the designed optimal control system of cold start system.

Key words: control science and engineering, fuel cells, nonlinear model predictive control, cold start performance optimization control strategy

CLC Number: 

  • TK421

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of fuel cell cold start system"

Fig.2

Influence of ambient temperature on starting performance"

Fig.3

Influence of starting current on tarting performance"

Fig.4

Extended state observer verification model input"

Fig.5

Observer estimation performance"

Fig.6

Control block diagram of fuel cell cold start optimization system"

Fig.7

Output diagram of NMPC optimizationcontrol system"

Fig.8

NMPC control variable curve"

Fig.9

Comparison diagram of system output"

Fig.10

Comparison diagram of control quantity output"

Fig.11

Comparison diagram of start-up time and hydrogen consumption"

Table 1

Optimized fuel cell cold start time"

环境温度/℃启动时间/s环境温度/℃启动时间/s

-30

-29

-28

-27

-26

-25

-24

-23

87.87

83.57

79.44

75.47

71.66

67.99

64.44

61.01

-22

-21

-20

-19

-18

-17

-16

-15

57.69

54.46

51.32

48.25

45.26

42.33

39.46

36.65

Fig.12

Control quantity curve under different ambient temperature"

Fig.13

Performance comparison of cold start optimization system"

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