Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 1236-1245.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180229

Previous Articles    

Significance variation of factorial effects on tractor stability employing scale⁃model⁃based experimental approach

Jia⁃hao QIN1,2(),Zhen LI1,2,Muneshi MITSUOKA3,Eiji INOUE3,Zheng⁃he SONG1,2,Zhong⁃xiang ZHU1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern Agricultural Equipment, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
    3. Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8120025, Japan
  • Received:2018-03-29 Online:2019-07-01 Published:2019-07-16
  • Contact: Zhong?xiang ZHU E-mail:qinjh@cau.edu.cn;zhuzhonxiang@cau.edu.cn

RICH HTML

 3   

PDF (PC)

95

Abstract:

Wheeled farm tractors are widely used in farming and accidents involving tractor rollover remain an ongoing problem. Investigating the significance variation of factorial effects on tractor stability on various terrains provides a theoretical reference for designing tractors with higher stability and provides operators criteria for avoiding rollover. In this paper, adopting the scale?model?based experimental approach, we simulated the progress that the tractor running along the side slope in random road surfaces. In order to interpret the rollover trend, we developed an evaluation index, called the load loss rate (LLR), which characterizes the strength of contact between the ground and tractor uphill wheels. The results showed that the reasonable increase in the front weight has a significant effect on improving the tractor stability in all kinds of road conditions. However, for medium uneven road surfaces such as farmland and rotary farm, the large diameter and low?pressure tire and the wide rear wheelbase will be more effective. Meanwhile, the optimization of the tractor configuration has been significantly impaired in higher uneven terrain such as plowed fields. In addition, the interaction of the configurational factors has no significant effect on the overall machine stability under all road conditions. The results of this paper may provide a theoretical reference for the targeted optimization of tractor configuration, which can help to improve the stability of tractors in complex road conditions.

Key words: agricultural engineering, tractor stability, significance variation, optimal configuration, Taguchi experiment

CLC Number: 

  • S219.1

Table 1

PSD fitting parameters of different road"

地形（路况） W Gq (n 0)/(10-6m3)
a：压实的沙路 2.51 50
b：未铺砌的农场 2.4 256
c：草地 2.3 1744
d：农场道路 1.74 48
e：农田 1.31 248
f：旋耕场 1.076 420.9
g：犁过的农田 0.618 1069.9

Fig.1

Classification of road roughness for tractor operations"

Fig.2

Scaled random road surfaces for all classes"

Fig.3

Circuit design and data acquisition system"

Fig.4

Tractor experimental platform?including scaled random road surfaces"

Table 2

Signal factors and levels"

水平 A B C
1 36M 0 0
2 50L 10% 30%
3 50H 20% 60%

Table 3

Characteristics of tractor front tires"

前轮轮胎类型 直径/mm 刚度/(N·m-1)
36M 36 298（中级刚度）
50L 50 152（低级刚度）
50H 50 652（高级刚度）

Table 4

Taguchi experimental program"

序号 A B (A×B)1 (A×B)2 C (A×C)1 (A×C)2 (B×C)1 (B×C)2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2
- - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - -
27 3 3 2 1 3 2 1 2 1

Fig.5

"

Fig.6

"

Fig.7

"

Fig.8

"

Fig.9

"

1 徐飞军，黄文倩，陈立平 . 轮式拖拉机在典型路况下轮胎受力仿真分析[J]. 农业工程学报，2009，25(增刊2): 61⁃65.
Xu Fei⁃jun , Huang Wen⁃qian , Chen Li⁃ping . Simulation analysis of tire force of wheeled tractor under typical road conditions[J]. Transactions of the CSAE, 2009, 25(Sup.2): 61⁃65.
2 张文华, 张维强, 鲁植雄, 等 . 基于虚拟样机技术的轮式拖拉机侧倾稳定性研究[J]. 机械强度, 2017, 39(1): 138⁃142.
Zhang Wen⁃hua , Zhang Wei⁃qiang , Lu Zhi⁃xiong , et al . Research of wheeled tractor roll stability based on virtual prototyping technology[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2017, 39(1): 138⁃142.
3 杨忠义 . 拖拉机翻车事故原因分析[J]. 农机使用与维修, 2016(11): 69.
Yang Zhong⁃yi . Analysis of tractor tipping accident[J]. Farm Machinery Using and Maintenance, 2016(11): 69.
4 李俊杰 . 车辆侧翻预警系统动力学仿真及算法研究[D]. 武汉：武汉理工大学汽车工程学院, 2013.
Li Jun⁃jie . Dynamics simulation and algorithm research of vehicle rollover warning system[D]. Wuhan: College of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, 2013.
5 Daris D C , Rehkugler G E . Agricultural wheel⁃tractor overturns part I: mathematical model[J].Transactions of the ASAE, 1974, 17(3):477⁃483.
6 Denis D , Thuilot B , Lenain R . Online adaptive observer for rollover avoidance of reconfigurable agricultural vehicles[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2016, 126: 32⁃43.
7 Nichol C I , Sommer H J , Murphy D J . Simplified overturn stability monitoring of agricultural tractors[J]. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health, 2005, 11(1): 99⁃108.
8 Vidoni R , Bietresato M , Gasparetto A , et al . Evaluation and stability comparison of different vehicle configurations for robotic agricultural operations on side⁃slopes[J].Biosystems Engineering,2015,129:197⁃211.
9 Yisa M G , Terao H , Kubota M . Dynamics of tractor⁃implement combinations on slopes (Part IV): experimental validation of simulation models[J]. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 1998, 68(1): 17⁃31.
10 Li Z , Mitsuoka M , Inoue E , et al . 2015 Development of stability indicators for dynamic Phase I overturn of conventional farm tractors with front axle pivot[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2015, 134: 55⁃67.
11 赵丁选，王登峰，程悦荪，等 . 铰接式拖拉机静态二级倾翻稳定性分析[J]. 农业机械学报， 1994，25(1)：21⁃26.
Zhao Ding⁃xuan , Wang Deng⁃feng , Cheng Yue⁃sun ,et al . Static torsion stability analysis of articulated tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 1994, 25(1): 21⁃26.
12 赵丁选，程悦荪，诸文农，等 . 铰接式拖拉机倾翻稳定性的动力学解法[J]. 农业机械学报，1995，26(3)：1⁃4.
Zhao Ding⁃xuan ， Cheng Yue⁃sun ， Zhu Wen⁃nong ，et al . Dynamic solution of tilting stability of articulated tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 1995, 26(3): 1⁃4.
13 田晋跃，贾会星 . 铰接车辆侧倾过程动态仿真[J]. 农业机械学报, 2006, 37(7): 26⁃29.
Tian Jin⁃yue ， Jia Hui⁃xing . Dynamic simulation of the overturning of articulated vehicles[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2006, 37(7): 26⁃29.
14 朱颖，周炜，郭志平，等 . 基于车辆侧倾角侧翻预警算法的研究[J]. 机械设计与制造，2011(2): 52⁃54.
Zhu Ying ， Zhou Wei ， Guo Zhi⁃ping ，et al . Research on vehicle rollover warning algorithm[J]. Machinery Design and Manufacture, 2011(2): 52⁃54.
15 褚端峰，崔剑，邓泽健，等 . 基于改进TTR算法的车辆侧翻预警研究[J]. 中国机械工程，2016，27(11): 1557⁃1561.
Chu Duan⁃feng , Cui Jian , Deng Ze⁃jian ,et al . Vehicle rollover early warning based on improved TTR algorithm[J]. China Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 27(11): 1557⁃1561.
16 朱天军，宗长富，吴炳胜，等 . 基于改进TTR算法的重型车辆侧翻预警系统[J]. 机械工程学报，2011，47(10): 88⁃94.
Zhu Tian⁃jun ， Zong Chang⁃fu ， Wu Bing⁃sheng ，et al . Heavy vehicle rollover warning system based on improved TTR algorithm[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering，2011,47(10)：88⁃94.
17 张露，张忠富，王国业，等 . 基于电磁机械耦合再生制动系统的电动汽车稳定性控制[J]. 农业机械学报，2017，48(1)：309⁃316.
Zhang Lu , Zhang Zhong⁃fu , Wang Guo⁃ye ,et al . Electric vehicles stability control based on electromagnetic⁃mechanical coupled regenerative braking system[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(1): 309⁃316.
18 Previati G , Gobbi M , Mastinu G . Mathematical models for farm tractor rollover prediction[J]. International Journal of Vehicle Design, 2014, 64(2⁃4): 280⁃303.
19 陈东辉，吕建华，龙刚，等 . 基于ADAMS的半悬挂式农业机组静侧翻稳定性[J]. 吉林大学学报：工学版，2016，48(4): 1176⁃1183.
Chen Dong⁃hui , Jian⁃hua Lyu , Long Gang , et al . Static rollover stability of agricultural semi⁃mounted unit based on ADAMS[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2016, 48(4): 1176⁃1183.
20 朱勇华，侯建勋，周一鸣 . 研究拖拉机动态翻倾特性的模型试验法——遥控拖拉机翻倾试验模型的研制[J]. 农业机械学报, 1986(3): 17⁃23.
Zhu Yong⁃hua ， Hou Jian⁃xun ， Zhou Yi⁃ming . A model test method for studying dynamic tilting characteristics of tractors⁃development of tilting test model for remote tractor[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 1986(3): 17⁃23.
21 Takeda J , Shimada M , Kikuchi Y , et al . Dynamic behaviors of farm tractor passing over an obstacle. (Part I)—improvement of tractor dynamic model and measurement of tire stiffness[J]. Journal of the Japanese Society of Agricultural Machinery, 2010, 72: 457⁃463.
22 Ahmadi I . Dynamics of tractor lateral overturn on slopes under the influence of position disturbances (model development)[J]. Journal of Terramechanics, 2011, 48(5): 339⁃346.
23 张硕，李臻，朱忠祥，等 . 多因素影响下拖拉机侧向稳定性模型试验研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2017, 48(10): 358⁃363.
Zhang Shuo ， Li Zhen ， Zhu Zhong⁃xiang ，et al . Scale model study of lateral stability of tractor affected by multi⁃factors[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(10): 358⁃363.
24 ISO8608-2016. International Organization for Standardization. Mechanical vibration–road surface profiles–reporting of measured data[S].
25 GB7031-1987.车辆振动输入——路面平度表示方法[S].
26 Ohmiya K . Studies on roughness of meadow[J]. Memoirs of the Faculty of Agriculture, 1990, 17(2):151⁃157.
27 Torisu R , Matsuo M , Morishima S . Characteristics of the agricultural surface undulations as origins of farm tractor vibrations[J]. Science Bulletin of the Faculty of Agriculture, 1979, 34(1/2):7⁃17.
28 Matthews J . Ride comfort for tractor operators[J]. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 1966, 11(1): 44⁃57.
29 Yang J H ，Murayama . 車体屈折式ホイールトラクタの等高線走行における動的横転倒 [J]. Journal of the Japanese Forestry Society, 1991, 73(1): 1⁃10.
30 Abubakar M S , Ahmad D , Akande F B . A review of farm tractor overturning accidents and safety[J]. Pertanika Journal of Science and Technology, 2010, 18(2): 377⁃385.
31 徐书雷，冯春凌，岳艳艳 . 拖拉机配重的类型和使用方法[J]. 拖拉机与农用运输车,2007, 34(4):100⁃101.
Xu Shu⁃lei , Feng Chun⁃ling , Yue Yan⁃yan . Type of tractor’s ballast and its application[J]. Tractor and Farm Transporter, 2007, 34(4): 100⁃101.
[1] Fang LIANG,Yong YOU,De‑cheng WANG,Guang‑hui WANG,Chang‑bin HE,Shuai LI. Effect of dynamic parameters on relationship between root‑cutting blade and soil in grassland [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(3): 903-911.
[2] WANG Yang, WANG Xiao-mei, CHEN Ze-ren, YU Jian-qun. Modeling method of maize kernels based on discrete element method [J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2018, 48(5): 1537-1547.
[3] CHEN Dong-hui, LYU Jian-hua, LONG Gang, ZHANG Yu-chen, CHANG Zhi-yong. Static rollover stability of semi-mounted agricultural machinery based on ADAMS [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(4): 1176-1183.
[4] WANG Zhan-zhong, LU Yue, LIU Xiao-feng, ZHAO Li-ying. Improved harmony search algorithm on truck scheduling for cross docking system [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(3): 688-693.
[5] WANG Yang, LYU Feng-yan, XU Tian-yue, YU Jian-qun. Shape and size analysis of soybean kernel and modeling [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(2): 507-517.
[6] JIA Hong-lei, ZHENG Jia-xin, YUAN Hong-fang, GUO Ming-zhuo, WANG Wen-jun, YU Lu-lu. Design and experiment of a Double-V-shaped furrow opener of soybean seeder [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2017, 47(1): 323-331.
[7] XIAO Zhi-feng, LE Jian-bo, WU Nan-xing, LIU Xiang-dong. Effect of operation pressure on superheated steam fluidized bed drying [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2015, 45(4): 1375-1380.
[8] ZHANG Jin-bo,TONG Jin,MA Yun-hai. Abrasive wear characteristics of subsoiler tines with bionic rib structure surface [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2015, 45(1): 174-180.
[9] QI Long, TAN Zu-ting, MA Xu, CHEN Guo-rui, XIE Jun-feng, KUANG Jian-xia. Optimization and test of operational parameters of pneumatic vibration uniform-seeds device [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2014, 44(6): 1684-1691.
[10] QI Long, LIAO Wen-qiang, MA Xu, LIN Jian-heng, OU Zhi-xing, ZHAN Zhi-xun. Design and testing of control system of mini-weeding-robot platform in rice paddy field [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2013, 43(04): 991-996.
[11] ZHAI Zhi-fen, YAN Chang-rong, ZHANG Jian-hua, ZHANG Yan-qing, LIU Shuang. Optimization of water-saving irrigation technology based on ant colony algorithm and supporting vector machine [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2013, 43(04): 997-1003.
[12] ZHOU De-yi, WANG Zi-jia, ZHANG Dan-dan, WU Guan-jun, ZHOU Han-yu. The new device of stalk cutting within corn narvester [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 113-116.
[13] ZHANG Qiang, ZHANG Lu, LIU Xian-jun, YU Lu-lu, JIA Hong-lei. Soil resistance of the bionic hook-shape subsoiler based on the finite element method [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 117-121.
[14] WANG Jian-lin, YANG Yin-sheng, WANG Xue-ling. Evaluation of land use in Yellow river delta based on extension data mining [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 479-483.
[15] HAN Bao,WU Wen-fu,QUAN Long-zhe. Multi-objective optimization design and simulation on horizontal disk type weeding unit between seedlings [J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2011, 41(03): 692-696.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
Copyright © Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), All Rights Reserved.
Tel: +86-431-85095297　Fax: +86-431-85094074　E-mail: xbgxb@jlu.edu.cn
Powered by Beijing Magtech Co. Ltd