Abstract:

The intersection and overlap of urban subway and bus network stations， the complexity of routes， and the tidal phenomenon of passenger flow during peak hours make it difficult for the transportation network with unreasonable layout to complement resources， resulting in longer travel time and increased carbon emissions for passengers transferring between routes. To this end， an improved ant colony algorithm is proposed to optimize the efficiency of urban subway bus coupling network layout. This method completes the complex topology connection of overlapping lines and stations in the urban subway bus coupling network by coupling station pairs and coupling distances， achieving complementary subway bus transportation resources； based on topological structure， design the objective function of transfer station layout to reduce the travel time and transportation carbon emissions of transfer passengers， as well as the constraint conditions to maximize carbon emission benefits， in order to solve the problems of prolonged travel time and increased transportation carbon emissions of transfer passengers； improve the adaptive setting method of pheromone volatilization coefficient for traditional ant colony algorithm， and quickly solve the layout scheme of subway bus coupling network transfer station location and route direction that meets the objective function and constraint conditions. The research results show that this method can associate complex urban subway bus coupling transfer networks with coupling station pairs and coupling lines to complete coupling modeling. After improving the ant colony algorithm， the maximum solution time for layout optimization schemes in this article is less than 1 second， which is significantly lower than before optimization. After optimizing the layout of the urban subway bus coupling network， the change in walking distance for transfer passengers is -16 m， and the walking time is reduced by -5.46%. The total travel time of transfer passengers decreased by 1.18 hours. The coupling network between urban subway and public transportation has improved transfer efficiency， significant carbon emission benefits， and is more efficient in solving layout optimization solutions.

Key words: improved ant colony algorithm, urban subway bus, coupling network, layout efficiency optimization, volatile coefficient of pheromones, carbon emission benefits