Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (12): 3432-3445.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220078

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Longitudinal driving characteristics and operating speed prediction model of cars on hairpin curves of mountainous roads

Jin XU1,2(),Yan-peng WANG1,Hai-yuan CHEN3,Xiao-bo ZHANG4,Cun-shu PAN1   

  1. 1.College of Traffic and Transportation，Chongqing Jiaotong University，Chongqing 400074，China
    2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of “Human-Vehicle-Road” Cooperation & Safety for Mountain Complex Environment，Chongqing Jiaotong University，Chongqing 400074，China
    3.Zhejiang Jiangnan Engineering Management Co. ，Ltd. Shenzhen Branch，Shenzhen 518000，China
    4.China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Wuhan 430063，China
  • Received:2022-01-19 Online:2023-12-01 Published:2024-01-12

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Abstract:

To clarify passenger cars' longitudinal driving behavior along hairpin curves of mountain roads， the section from Huadiwan to Ningjiazhai of national highway G211 located in Pengshui County， Chongqing， China was selected as the object. The field driving test of passenger cars was carried out to collect trajectory， speed， and acceleration data. Firstly， the characteristics of speed amplitude were analyzed， and the vehicle speed modes in the direction of uphill and downhill were defined. Then， the distribution law of the speed change feature points' position was obtained. Finally， the deceleration and acceleration's amplitude characteristics and influencing factors are studied. The results show that in the curved section， the actual speed is significantly higher than the design speed and speed limit， and the overspeed behavior is very common. The speed pattern of hairpin curves along uphill direction is a ‘decelerate- accelerate’ two-stage speed mode， different from the speed pattern of a standard horizontal curve. The speed pattern for hairpin curves in downhill direction presents three-stage of ‘deceleration-constant speed-acceleration’. The position of speed feature points is affected by sight distance， slope， and deflection angle， which is different from the conventional driving behavior assumption. The speed valley points of the uphill are mainly distributed in the first half of the circular curve. Deceleration endpoints in the downhill direction appear near the SC and MC points； and the acceleration starting point is mainly distributed in the circular curve and the second spiral range. The 85 percentile deceleration rate when entering a hairpin curve on the downhill is 1.25 m/s2， and the one on the uphill is 1.0 m/s2. When departing the hairpin curve， the 85th percentile acceleration rate is 0.9 and 0.6 m/s2， respectively， for downhill/uphill curves. Finally， an operating speed model for entering， departing， and staying in the hairpin curves was developed and verify. The research results can provide theoretical and basic data support for the safety evaluation and improvement of complex roads in dangerous mountainous areas.

Key words: engineering of communication and transportation system, traffic safety, hairpin curves, road geometry, driving risk, operating speed, driving behavior

CLC Number: 

  • U491.2

Fig.1

Test route"

Table 1

Geometric parameters of the hairpin curves"

弯道

编号

半径/m

曲线

转角/（o）

曲线

长度/m

坡度/%弯前与弯后坡度/%车道宽/m缓和曲线长度/m

路幅

宽度/m

通视性路侧形式（路基类型）
A120.16192.7392.9833/94.25/4.252510较差路堑路段，两侧为挡墙
A220.23186.1990.8037/94.25/4.252510较差路堑路段，内侧山体外侧挡墙
A320.08180.0988.1439/94.25/4.252510较好两侧地形平缓
A420.03169.5184.3839/94.25/4.252510较好路堑路段，两侧为山体
A520.43159.4387.522.79/5.54.25/4.252510较差路堑路段，两侧为挡墙
A620.86190.6294.562.82.8/94.25/4.252510较差半填半挖，内侧山体外侧边坡
A722.32150.6083.8239/94.75/3.552510较差路堑路段，外侧挡墙内侧山体
A820.26172.6486.2039/7.54.25/4.252510较差半填半挖，内侧平缓外侧边坡
A920.30186.5891.2636.5/94.25/4.252510较差两侧地形平缓
A1020.33180.5489.1937.2/94.25/4.252510较差半填半挖，内侧平缓外侧边坡
A1120.35194.5494.2633.9/8.54.25/4.252510较好路堑路段，内侧平缓外侧山体
A1220.35194.0392.2133/64.25/4.252510较好路堑路段，内侧平缓外侧山体

Fig.2

On-board instruments and test vehicle"

Fig.3

Schematic diagram of curve feature points"

Fig.4

Speed profiles along uphill hairpin curves"

Fig.5

Speed profiles along downhill hairpin curves"

Fig.6

Speed patterns for hairpin curves"

Fig.7

Feature point of driving speed along the hairpin curves"

Fig.8

Schematic diagram of acceleration calculation"

Fig.9

Cumulative frequency of acceleration and deceleration rate"

Fig.10

Hairpin curve and general curve acceleration and deceleration cumulative frequency curve"

Table 2

Typical percentile acceleration rate of hairpin curves"

状态行驶方向典型百分位平均加速度值/（m·s-2）规范推荐值［3］/（m·s-2）
10th15th25th50th75th85th90th95th最大值最小值
减速度上坡-0.450-0.510-0.611-0.777-0.962-1.075-1.138-1.3090.150.5
下坡-0.480-0.544-0.649-0.859-1.126-1.256-1.395-1.620
加速度上坡0.2920.3140.3510.4340.5250.6000.6330.7090.150.5
下坡0.4970.5510.5930.6990.8250.8960.9351.045

Fig.11

Comparison diagram of actual speed and simulated speed predicted by the existing model"

Fig.12

Schematic diagram of illustration for relative position of feature points"

Fig.13

Relative distance distribution diagram of speed feature points"

Fig.14

Correlation between deceleration and initial speed"

Fig.15

Cumulative frequency curve of peak lateral acceleration"

Fig.16

Comparison between the calculated value of the running speed model and the real value of V85"

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