It is proved by means of the properties of normal populations that the restricted Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) of linear function of the mean under the Pitman criterion is more optimal than the maximum likeliho od estimates of the linear function of the mean without restrictions if the mean of two-dimensional normal population satisfies one or two linear inequalit y restrictions.

We investigated the existence of positive periodic solution to predatorprey impulsive differential system with Holling Ⅲ functional response. A set of verifiable sufficient conditions of positive periodic solution for the system are obtained by means of continuity theorem in co incidence degree. The paper generalizes and improves the results in the literature.

Random differential equations of minor noise were established by means of perturbation theory of minor noise. And using perturbation moment theory, the means and variances of random differential equations for material point shift were gotten. At last, the convection-dispersion equations were approximately normalized and the approximate solutions of the equations were gotten. Also the perturbation theory of minor noise was used for solving high convection-dispersion equations and the calculated results were compared with those gotten by generality d ifference format.

Some nonexistences of the nontrivial weak solutions for p-sub-Laplacian inequalities on Heisenberg group were investigated via considering some properties of the Heisenberg group and its vector fields and the admissible function method for the Laplacian inequalities on the Euclide an.

This paper deals with analytical approximate solutions to the Duffing-Harmonic oscillator by a new method. By combining the Newton method and the method of harmonic balance into the rewritten governing equation, we have established improved analytical approximations to the frequency and the corresponding periodic solution of the oscillator. The improved analytical approximations show excellent agreement with the accurate solution, and are valid for the total range of oscillation amplitudes, including the two extreme cases of the oscillation amplitudes respectively approaching zero and infinity.

Via the Lipschitz selection theorem and the results of the existence of periodic solutions for Duffing equation at resonance by Qian Din gbian, we presented necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions for a class of differential inclusions problems.

A variational difference method for obtaining the periodic solutions of N-body type Hamiltonian systems with singular potentia l was provided. By this difference scheme, infinitely many periodic solutions can be found.

Throughout this paper, （X,·） is assumed to be a real separable Banach space with a dual and separable X^*, we let (Ω，B,P) be a complete probability space, further, {B_n, n≥1} is an increase sub σfields filtration of B, and B=∨ B _n. First of all, we discussed some properties of support function, we used the support function and Riesz decomposition theorem and convergence theorem of real valued martingale (supermartingale, submartingale) to prove its Riesz decomposition theorem and convergence theorem, on the basis of which a sufficien t condition of Riesz decomposition of set-valued was given.

Given matrix X and diagonal matrix Λ, the solutions (A,B) of the symmetric orthogonal symmetric matrices for inverse generalized eigenvalue problem AX=BXΛ are discussed. Based on singular values decomposition of a matrix, the general form of such solutions is established. Numerical examples were presented to illus trate the validity of the proposed method.

Based on the given securities combination model and the justified general principle of the invertible matrix, the analyze expression formula of securities investment combination right counting was deduced and justified with the examples.

A method is proposed for detecting stepping stones by actively perturbing inter-packet delay of connections, by which the average value of the packets in the detecting window is set to increase periodically within the attacker’s perturbation range. The correlations in attacking connection ch ains can be constructed by analyzing the increase of the average value of the inter-packet delay between the two connection chains. The complexity of correlatio n computations can be reduced and the efficiency of detecting stepping stones can be improved by means of the method.

ItemRank algorithm is presented to solve the problem of item selection with the consideration of crossselling effect. First a newdevised model-Customer Behavior Model is proposed. And then the novel algorith m ItemRank is implemented on the basis of Customer Behavior Model. SALSARank algorithm is based on the theory of Markov chain to simulate customer’s behavior. The experiments showed the advantage and effect about the algorithms.

For a class of neutral delay linear systems, a new Luenberger-Like observer is proposed based on Lyapunov stability theorem. The problem addressed is to design a full-order observer that guarantees the asymptotic stability of the error dynamic system. An effective linear matrix inequation approach is developed to solve this problem. Finally, an illustrative example is used to demonstrate the validity of the proposed design method.

By the research of data mining rough set reduct, the author propounded a data dividing thought based on the discernibility ability of i ndex. First the information system was divided into many small tables, then the final reduction was resolved from the small table reduction. This thought has pre digested the reduction of the bool function reduction. And based on this thought, a parallel algorithm of attribute reduction was designed. By using the simulate tool CPN Tools of Petri Nets, the load balance of the algorithm was analyzed. On the basis of the experimental results compared with the corresponding serial algorithm, it is shown that the parallel algorithm is more efficient for the large scale system with excessive objects.

A novel fuzzy clustering algorithm which uses the merits of the global optimizing and higher convergent speed of Particle Swarm Opt imization(PSO) algorithm and combines with Fuzzy C-means(FCM) is proposed. The iteration process is replaced by the PSO based on the gradient descent of FCM, which makes the algorithm have a strong global searching capacity and avoids the local minimum problems of FCM. At the same time, FCM is no longer a large degree dependent on the initialization values. Numerical experiments show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and efficient than FCM.

Chinese word segmentation is a base for Chinese Information Processing, and the ambiguity problem is a nodus of Chinese word segmentati on and more then 90% of ambiguity problems are crossing ambiguity, so the solution of the crossing ambiguity problem is an important part of Chinese word segmentation. After repeated experiments and analyses, 5 rules and an algorithm based on these 5 rules were proposed to segment crossing ambiguity. From experiment results, it can be found that the accuracy of DSfenci system we developed based on these 5 rules reaches to 95.22%, which is an excellent experiment result.

The circular correlation algorithm can be used for acquiring Global Positioning System (GPS) C/A code signals. In the algorithm, the input data and the local code were converted into the frequency domain by means of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on input data and local code, where their correlation processing can be carried out. After taking the inverse FFT, the maximum absolute value can be found. The value is compared with predetermined threshold. If the value is higher than the threshold, the signals are acquired successfully. This correlation algorithm opens a new way for acquisition of GPS C/A code signals rapidly and accurately.

The present paper presents an iris detection and localization method based on AdaBoost algorithm and neural networks with local interc onnection structures to overcome the limits in the current iris detection and localization algorithms. It has following features: according to the features of the iris image, we designed a set of local interconnection neural networks iris classifiers with different receptive fields and different complexity; we use d AdaBoost algorithm to integrate neural networks classifiers to generate a chief classifier with powerful iris detection ability; cascade connection structure was applied to increasing the detection speed. Experimental results show that this algorithm has a very high detection accuracy and speed. It can solve the iris detection and localization problems efficiently in the case of with large face region and those of cataract patients.

This paper presents an example-based non-photorealistic image rendering algorithm, which employs the patch-based texture synthesis approach, as well as speeds up the texture synthesis process by exploiting particle swarm optimization during the matching search process. This algorithm also accomplishes the orientation control of matching patches in structure and details through appropriate parameter setting. Once a certain sample image with an artistic style is presented, the algorithm can accomplish image analogies by transferring the style to the target.

This paper deals with the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) of thin films of a red dye compound, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-6(2-(2,3,6,7-tetrahydro-1,1,7,7-tetramethyl-1-1H,5H-benzo(ij) uinolizin-9-yl)ethenyl)-4H-pyran-4-ylidene) propanedinitrile (DCJTB), in various polymer matrices of poly(methylmethacrylate), poly(styrene) and poly(N-vinyl carbazole), which were pumped at 355 nm with THG Nd ∶ YAG laser. The DCJTB ∶ poly(N-vinyl carbazole) film shows an effective and large ASE intensity, the lowest threshold and the maximum optical gain coefficient. Our results indicate that DCJTB ∶ poly(N-vinyl carbazole) could be a promising candidate for the gain medium of optically pumped polymer lasers.

A new approach is proposed to detect the collimated phase of a beam. The common lateral shearing interferometer composed of a parall el plate was improved in structure, and frequency synthesis theory in Fourier optics was applied to the inspection of collimated light beam by means of lateral shearing interferometer. For the common lateral shearing interferometer, a beam can be judged by the density of interference stripes, while the judgment results from the tilt angle of the stripes in this article. After images have been obtained Radon transform is applied to judge the tilt of the interference stripes. Therefore, the range of beam’s caliber and its accuracy are enhanced in a wide-range.

The absorption and dispersion properties of an N-type four-level system with Doppler broadening effect were investigated. In this system we considered two coherent fields and a probe field. When the second coherent field is absent, this system is a single three-level configuration, and the absorption line is just one clear electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) window. While the second coherent field exists, there are two EIT windows which become wide and deep with the coherent intensity increasing. The position width and absorbance of the transparency windows can be manipulated by adjusting the detuning of the driving field. In addition, we also found that the medium shows a large refractive index at each transparency window, and the group velocity of the probe laser can be reduced.

The magnetization curves of magnetically aligned powder samples of GdFe₁₁Ti and GdFe₁₁TiH at 300 K were analysed based on the single ion model. The values of magneto-crystalline anisotropy constants were fitted to be 15.0 K/f.u. and 17.0 K/f.u., which are strikingly different from those of YFe₁₁Ti and YFe₁₁TiH. It was shown that the difference comes from the anisotropy of Gd-Fe exchange interaction in Gd compounds.

A new computer aid design (CAD) software arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) analysis called AWGCAD is reported, by which the parameters can be optimized and the characteristics of AWGs can be analyzed. The simulation precision and function can compare beauty with the software developed by some other corporations. We gave some recommendation of some modules of the software, such as analysis of waveguide effective refractive index, parameters relations, bent loss, coupling pitch of waveguides, FSR, diffraction loss and diffraction effciency, side-lobe restrain, leakage loss caused by high refractive index substrate and crosstalk.

(Bu₄N)₅［(CpZr)SiMo₁₁O₃₉］ is insoluble in water and soluble in acetonitrile. In the acidic acetonitrile solution, the heteropolymolybdate exhibits three steps redox processes. By means of multifarious electroanalysis techniques， the electron transfer for the first step was explored. Every step process corresponded to two overlapping singleelectron transfers. The heteropolymolybdate was adsorbed onto Au electrode surface to prepare a modified electrode. On this electrode, the electrocatalytic reduction of IO₃^-， BrO₃^- and NO₂^- were investigated.

Ti-Si mixed oxides catalysts with different Ti/Si ratios were prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by means of XRD, FT-IR, N₂ adsorption, UV-vis and NH₃-TPD. The results show that the morphologies of Ti-Si mixed oxides change from anatase structure to amorphous with the addition of silicon. Both the acidic amount and strenth on the catalysts surface decrease with increasing Si content. Vapor-phase O-methylation of catechol with methanol was investigated over various Ti-Si catalysts. The results show that the sample of n(Ti) ∶n(Si)=6 ∶1 exhibits the highest activity (68%) and the activity decreases with increasing Si contents, which might relate to the amount and species of the surface acid.

The effects of synthetic conditions on the synthesis of polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) from the polycondensation of BHEN via transesterification between 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate (NDC) and ethylene glycol (EG) were studied. With zinc acetate as catalyst and steric phenol Weizufen 1010 as antioxidant, the transesterification reaction conditions of NDC with EG and processing conditions for BHEN polycondensation were optimized by orthogonal experimentation.

Nano-TiO₂/SiO₂ was used as catalyst to investigate the influence of different calcined temperatures on the photocatalytic activity of the catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of heptene. The photocatalytic activity of the catalyst is the highest when the calcination temperature is 600 ℃. The photocatalytic degradation rate of heptene increased with increasing the initial concentration of sulfur dioxide, but maintained almost a constant beyond a certain concentration. When the concentration of sulfur dioxide was fixed, the reaction rate increased separately with increasing oxygen content and water vapor content, when oxygen content was 20%, the reaction rate was the highest, while water vapor content was 444 μmol/L, there was an optimum value for the photocatalytic degradation rate of heptene. The degradation rate of heptene increased with light intensity but the rate approached to level off when the light intensity rose to 8.32 mW/cm². The reaction products were identified by FT-IR and GC-MS.

Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles were prepared by the microemulsion chemical method. The structure of the asprepared Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles was characterized by means of TG-DAT, XRD, XPS and FT-IR absorption spectra. The photocatalytic oxidation reaction of toluene was used as model reaction to measure the photocatalytic activity of Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃. The results show that the photocatalytic activity of the Co₃O₄/Bi₂O₃ particles is higher than that of pure Bi₂O₃．The increasing level of photocatalytic activity is related to the ratio of n(Co) ∶n(Bi) and the best ratio is 0.02 ∶1．　With the calcining temperature increasing, the photocatalytic activity is increased, and the best calcining temperature is 750 ℃．

Aconitine and its three metabolites were separated and identified in the blood of dead rabbits after aconitine poisoning by means of liquid chromatography-electrospray ion trapmass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). 16-O-demethylbenzoylaconine in the blood of the animal that was administered aconitine was found for the first time. The metabolic pathway of aconitine in the blood was studied.

The amidation and esterification of different cyclic anhydrides with aniline and phenol gave different major products, and the routes were optimized. When a conjugated system was contained in the cyclic anhydride, it gave N-phenylimide as the major product. The structures of the target molecules and the key intermediates were confirmed by ¹H NMR， ¹³C NMR and IR spectra in our experiments.

A new two-dimensional layered zinc phosphate (ZnHPO₄) was synthesized by means of hydrothermal method. The as-synthesized product was characterized by means of powder X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the title compound crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c (No.14), with the parameters a=0.462　51(14) nm, b=1.360　8(4) nm, c=0.582　84(18) nm, β=98.752(5)°, V=0.362　56(19) nm³, Z=2, M＝161.35， R₁＝0.074　2， wR₂＝0.229　6. Its structure was built up by infinite four-remembered ring chains sharing vertices, generating a new two-dimensional layer structure.

The effects of processing conditions on NH₄⁺-N(ammonia-nitrogen) removal to form struvite(magnesium ammonium phosphate, MAP) were studied in a laboratory scale. MAP precipitation was carried out by adding phosphoric acid and MgO. The effect of pH was significant and the highest removal was obtained at pH 9.0. A PO₄^3-∶Mg²⁺ ∶NH₄⁺ molar ratio of 1 ∶ 1.5 ∶1 was found to be beneficial for the higher removal of NH₄⁺-N and the higher recovery of ammonia to form struvite. In addition, the feedin sequence of material significantly affects NH₄⁺-N removal. It was shown that a highest NH₄⁺-N removal of 99.1% and an ammonia recovery of 80.1% could be obtained by a two-step precipitation process.

The ade gene, which was presumed to encode adenine deaminase in Bacillus subtilis, was cloned, then the gene was inserted into expression vector pMal-c2x and transformed into Escherichia coli TB1. The fusion expression of the ade gene product with MBP was induced by IPTG. After purification by MBP affinity chromatography, the fusion protein was detected through SDS-PAGE. The deaminase activity of the fusion protein and related enzyme properties also were analyzed. The results show that the fusion protein had significant deaminase activity and verify that the ade gene was the coding gene of adenine deaminase. The study is very important for us to investigate the metabolism of adenine in Bacillus subtilis.

The adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of heptene on TiO₂/SiO₂ photocatalyst under the irradiation of UV light were investigated carefully in the presence of NO₂. By means of GC-MS and FT-IR， we respectively determined the intermediate products of the three different reaction systems, and accordingly deduced the possible reaction mechanisms. The experiment data indicate that M_max (the maximum adsorption amount of TiO₂/SiO₂ for heptene) is 3.10 mg, and is increased to 3.80 mg in the presence of NO₂（44.64 μmol/L）. In the photocatalytic degradation of heptene, addition of a large amount of NO₂ (NO₂≥89.28 μmol/L) can accelerate the photodegradation reaction rate of heptene, but its mineralization degree with the addition of NO₂ is lower than that without the addition of NO₂.