大鼠心脏TRPV1受体激活对心血管活动的抑制作用

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587x.20190503

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨大鼠心脏瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1（TRPV1）激活诱发的心血管反射及该反射的心血管中枢部位c-Fos蛋白阳性神经元及其外周神经递质的表达，阐明心脏TRPV1受体介导的心血管反射活动的中枢及外周神经机制。方法： 60只健康雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、树胶脂毒素（ido-RTX）组、阿托品组、免疫荧光组和神经束路追踪组，每组12只。各组大鼠麻醉后行心包插管术；对照组、ido-RTX组和阿托品组大鼠动脉插管观察心率和血压的变化；免疫荧光组大鼠心包内注射辣椒素1 h后灌注取材，利用免疫荧光技术观察辣椒素诱发的c-Fos阳性神经元与胆碱酯酶阳性神经元在延髓的共表达；神经束路追踪组大鼠心包内注射羰花青荧光染料（Dil）作为神经束路逆行追踪剂，1周后荧光显微镜下观察Dil阳性细胞在延髓的分布。结果：对照组大鼠心包内注射辣椒素后血压和心率均明显降低（P<0.05）；与对照组比较，ido-RTX组和阿托品组大鼠心包和静脉分别注射TRPV1受体拮抗剂ido-RTX和M受体拮抗剂后心包内注射辣椒素后血压和心率无明显变化（P>0.05），心包内注射辣椒素后延髓孤束核、迷走神经背核和疑核内c-Fos阳性神经元数量明显增多（P<0.05），其中大部分神经元为胆碱酯酶阳性神经元；大鼠心包内注射Dil后延髓孤束核、迷走神经背核和疑核内出现大量红色荧光标记神经元和神经末梢。结论：心包内注射辣椒素可选择性激活心脏TRPV1受体，使延髓心血管中枢的胆碱能神经元兴奋性增加，外周释放乙酰胆碱增加，通过激活M受体产生对心血管活动的抑制效应。

关键词: 心脏伤害性感受受体, 瞬时受体电位香草酸受体1, 延髓心血管中枢, 心血管反射, M受体

Abstract: Objective:To investigate the cardiovascular reflex induced by the activation of cardiac transient receptor potential vanillic acid receptor 1 (TRPV1), the central location of reflex and its peripheral neurotransmitters of the rats, and to elucidate the central and peripheral neural mechanisms of cardiovascular reflex mediated by TRPV1 receptor. Methods:A total of 60 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, ido-RTX group, atropine group, immunofluorescence group and nerve tract tracking group;there were 12 rats in each group. Pericardial intubation was performed in the rats in various groups after anesthesia. The changes of heart rates and blood pressures of the rats in control group,ido-RTX group and atropine group were observed by arterial intubation.The tissue samples were collected 1 h after intropericardial injection of capsaicin in imunofluorescence group,and the co-expression of c-Fos positive neurons induced by capsaicin and cholinesterase positive neurons in the medulla oblongata was observed by immunofluorescence technigue. Intraopericardial injected carbonyl cyanine fluorescent dye (Dil) was used as retrograde tracer in nerve tract group,and the distribution of Dil positive cells in the medulla oblongata was observed by fluorescence microscope 1 week later. Results:The blood pressure and heart rate of the rats in control group were decreased significantly after intrapericardial injection of capsaicin of the rats in control group (P<0.05).Compared with control group,the blood pressures and heart rates of the rats in ido-RTX group and atropine group had no significant changes after intrapericardial injection of capsaicin following intrapericardial injection of TRPV1 antagonist ido-RTX and intravenous injection of M receptor antagonist atropine(P>0.05); after intrapericardial injection of capsaicin, the number of c-Fos positive neurons in nucleus tractus solitarii,dorsal motor nucleus of vagus and nucleus ambiguous of medulla oblongata was increased significantly (P<0.05);most of these neurons were cholinesterase positive neurons; after intrapericardial injection of Dil, a large number of red fluorescent labeled neurons and nerve endings appeared in the nucleus tractus solitarii,dorsal motor nucleus of vagus and nucleus ambiguous. Conclusion:Intrapericardial injection of capsaicin can selectively activate the TRPV1 receptors in the heart, increase the excitability of cholinergic neurons in the cardiovascular center of the medulla oblongata, increase the peripheral release of acetylcholine, and produce an inhibitory effect on the cardiovascular activity by activating the M receptor.

Key words: cardiac injury receptor, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptor, meddulla oblongata cardiaovascular center, cardiovascular reflex, M receptor

中图分类号:

R338.22

刘晓华, 韩曼, 张琪. 大鼠心脏TRPV1受体激活对心血管活动的抑制作用[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2019, 45(05): 992-996.

LIU Xiaohua, HAN Man, ZHANG Qi. Inhibitory effect of activation of cardiac TRPV1 receptors on cardiovascular activity in rats[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition), 2019, 45(05): 992-996.

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