吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 422-430.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20240215

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

呼吸道与非呼吸道标本分离MRSA临床株耐药性比较及其分子流行病学特征

额尔德木图null1,2,王艳艳3,李喻瞳4,陈贵林1(),王俊瑞3()   

  1. 1.内蒙古大学生命科学学院生物系,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010050
    2.内蒙古医科大学民族医药创新中心蒙医药协同创新中心,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010110
    3.内蒙古医科大学附属医院检验科,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010050
    4.内蒙古医科大学第一临床医学院检验科,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010050
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-14 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-04-28
  • 通讯作者: 陈贵林,王俊瑞 E-mail:guilinchen61@163.com;wangjunrui123@yeah.net
  • 作者简介:额尔德木图(1979-),男,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,讲师,理学博士,主要从事药用植物化学方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81660352);内蒙古自治区科技厅自然科学基金面上项目(2020MS08110);内蒙古医科大学大学生科技创新“英才培育”项目(YCPY2021068);内蒙古医科大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110132038)

Comparison of drug resistance of MRSA clinical strains from respiratory tract and non-respiratory tract specimens and their molecular epidemiological characteristics

ERDEMUTU1,2,Yanyan WANG3,Yutong LI4,Guilin CHEN1(),Junrui WANG3()   

  1. 1.Department of Biology,School of Life Sciences,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010050,China
    2.Department of Collaborative Innovation Center of Mongolian Medicine,Medical Innovation Center for Nationalities,Inner Mongolian Medical University,Hohhot 010110,China
    3.Department of Laboratory Medicine,Affiliated Hospital,Inner Mongolian Medical University,Hohhot 010050,China
    4.Department of Laboratory Medicine,School of First Clinical Medical Sciences,Inner Mongolian Medical University,Hohhot 010050,china
  • Received:2022-03-14 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-04-28
  • Contact: Guilin CHEN,Junrui WANG E-mail:guilinchen61@163.com;wangjunrui123@yeah.net

摘要:

目的 探讨呼吸道与非呼吸道标本分离耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的耐药性、分子分型和生物膜形成能力的差异。 方法 选取住院患者送检标本中分离出的100株MRSA,其中50株MRSA分离自呼吸道标本,50株MRSA分离自非呼吸道标本。对100株MRSA进行14种抗菌药物的体外药敏试验,采用多位点序列分型(MLST)和金黄色葡萄球菌A 蛋白(Spa) 分型方法进行分子分型,结晶紫染色实验检测MRSA菌株生物膜形成能力。 结果 体外药敏试验,100株MRSA对青霉素、红霉素、克林霉素、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、莫西沙星和四环素的总体耐药率较高,均大于60.0%,对复方新诺明耐药率仅为9.0%,且所有菌株均对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素和奎奴普丁/达福普汀敏感。呼吸道标本分离的MRSA对莫西沙星、左氧氟沙星、环丙沙星、四环素和庆大霉素的耐药率明显高于非呼吸道标本分离株(P<0.05)。100株MRSA中共检出17种基因型,其中优势型别为ST5-t2460型(26.0%)、ST239-t030型(23.0%)和 ST59-t437型(20.0%)。呼吸道标本分离MRSA中优势型别为ST5-t2460型(20.0%)和ST239-t030型(13.0%),其次为ST59-t437型(7.0%);非呼吸道标本分离MRSA中共检出13种基因型,优势型别为ST59-t437型(13.0%)和ST239-t030型(10.0%)。100株MRSA全部为产膜菌株,强产膜菌株、中产膜菌株和弱产膜菌株比例分别为2.0%(2/100)、24.0%(24/100)和74.0%(74/100)。ST59-t437型克隆株整体产膜能力较强,60.0%(12/20)为中产膜株和强产膜株。 结论 呼吸道标本分离MRSA菌株整体耐药率明显高于非呼吸道标本分离MRSA株。ST59-t437基因型和ST239-t030基因型为2类标本共有优势克隆株,ST59-t437型菌株呈现较强的生物膜形成能力,而ST239-t030型菌株整体耐药性最强。

关键词: 耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌, 耐药性, 分子分型, 生物膜

Abstract:

Objective To discuss the differences in drug resistance, molecular typing, and biofilm-forming abilities of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from respiratory and non-respiratory tract specimens. Methods A total of 100 MRSA strains were selected from clinical specimens of the hospitalized patients, and 50 MRSA strains were isolated from the respiratory specimens and another 50 MRSA strains were isolated from non-respiratory tract specimens. These 100 MRSA strains underwent an in vitro susceptibility test for 14 kinds of antimicrobial drugs, molecular typing was performed through multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and Staphylococcus aureus protein A (Spa) typing, and their biofilm-forming abilities were detected by crystal violet staining assay. Results The in vitro susceptibility tests results showed that all the 100 MRSA strains had high overall resistance rates of over 60.0% to penicillin, erythromycin, clindamycin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin, and tetracycline, while only 9.0% exhibited resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and all the strains were susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, tigecycline, and quinupristin/dalfopristin. Compared with those isolated from non-respiratory tract specimens,the MRSA strains isolated from respiratory tract specimens showed significantly higher resistance rates to moxifloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, and gentamicin (P<0.05). Among the 100 MRSA strains, 17 genotypes were identified, and the dominant types weve ST5-t2460 (26.0%), ST239-t030 (23.0%), and ST59-t437 (20.0%). In the MRSA from the respiratory tract specimens, the dominant types were ST5-t2460 (20.0%) and ST239-t030 (13.0%), followed by ST59-t437 (7.0%); in the non-respiratory tract specimens, 13 genotypes were found, and the dominant types were ST59-t437 (13.0%) and ST239-t030 (10.0%). All 100 MRSA strains were biofilm producers, among them the strong biofilm formers, moderate biofilm formers, and weak biofilm formers accounted for 2.0% (2/100), 24.0% (24/100), and 74.0% (74/100), respectively. The ST59-t437 clones had overall strong biofilm-forming abilities, and 60.0% (12/20) stains were moderate to strong biofilm formers. Conclusion The MRSA strains isolated from the respiratory tract specimens have a significantly higher overall resistance rate than those isolated from the non-respiratory tract specimens. The ST59-t437 and ST239-t030 genotypes are dominant clones common to both types of specimens, and ST59-t437 strains show strong biofilm-forming abilities, and ST239-t030 strains exhibit the strongest resistance.

Key words: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Drug resistance, Molecular typing, Biofilm

中图分类号: 

  • R378.1