吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2023, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (5): 1304-1309.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20230525

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

老年慢性病患者认知衰弱的危险因素分析及风险模型构建

沈童1,王洋1,金巍1,林志辉2,闫力1()   

  1. 1.长春中医药大学护理学院基础护理教研室, 吉林 长春 130117
    2.长春中医药大学附属医院 眼科, 吉林 长春 130021
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-18 出版日期:2023-09-28 发布日期:2023-10-26
  • 通讯作者: 闫力 E-mail:849449789@qq.com
  • 作者简介:沈 童(1992-),男,吉林省长春市人,在读硕士研究生,主要从事护理教育方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省中医药管理局中医药政策与发展项目(ZCYFZ-2020-009)

Risk factors analysis and risk model construction of cognitive frailty in elderly patients with chronic diseases

Tong SHEN1,Yang WANG1,Wei JIN1,Zhihui LIN2,Li YAN1()   

  1. 1.Department of Fundamental Nursing,School of Nursing,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine,Changchun 130117,China
    2.Department of Ophthalmology,Affiliated Hospital,Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130021,China
  • Received:2022-11-18 Online:2023-09-28 Published:2023-10-26
  • Contact: Li YAN E-mail:849449789@qq.com

摘要:

目的 探讨老年慢性病患者认知衰弱的危险因素,并构建相应的风险模型。 方法 收集207例老年慢性病患者的一般临床资料,采用FRAIL量表和蒙特利尔认知评估问卷(MoCA)明确患者有无认知衰弱,并分为认知衰弱组(n=75)和非认知衰弱组(n=132)。采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析明确影响老年患者认知衰弱的危险因素。 结果 所纳入的207例老年患者中,共计75例(36.23%)存在认知衰弱,2组患者年龄、体质量指数(BMI)、体育锻炼情况、工作性质、社交活动情况、夜间睡眠情况、日间精神状态及患慢性病数比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将年龄因素进行倾向性匹配后,二元Logistic回归分析,低BMI、工作性质为体力劳动、夜间睡眠时间≤5 h、日间精神状态差和患慢性病数>2个是影响认知衰弱的危险因素。受试者工作特征曲线(ROC),本研究所构建的风险模型鉴别患者是否发生认知障碍的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.87。 结论 本研究基于危险因素构建的风险模型对老年慢性病患者认知障碍有较好的预测效能,具有潜在的临床应用前景。

关键词: 风险模型, 老年, 认知衰弱, 危险因素, 慢性病

Abstract:

Objective To discuss the risk factors for cognitive frailty in the elderly patients with chronic diseases,and to construct the corresponding risk model. Methods The general clinical data of 207 elderly patients with chronic diseases were collected.The FRAIL Scale and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire(MoCA) were used to detect the status of cognitive frailty of the patients, and the patients were divided into cognitive frailty group (n=75) and non-cognitive frailty group (n=132). Univariate and binary Logistic regression analysis were used to identify the risk factors associated with cognitive frailty in the elderly patients. Results Among the 207 elderly patients, a total of 75 cases (36.23%) had cognitive frailty. There were significant differences in age, body mass index (BMI), physical exercise, job category, social activity, night sleep time, daytime mental status, and number of chronic diseases of the patients between two groups(P<0.05). After propensity score matching for age, the binary Logistic regression analysis results showed that low BMI, physically labour, night sleep time≤5 h, poor daytime mental status, and more than two chronic diseases were the risk factors for the cognitive frailty. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis results showed the area under curve(AUC) was 0.87 for the risk model constructed in this study to distinguish the patients’ cognitive frailty. Conclusion The risk model constructed based on the risk factors in this study has good predictive efficacy for cognitive frailty in the elderly patients,and its has potential clinical application prospects.

Key words: Risk model, Elderly, Cognitive frailty, Risk factor, Chronic disease

中图分类号: 

  • R473