Abstract: Objective:To understand the distribution of Rh blood group system E antigen (RhE) in the patients before blood transfusion in clinic,and to analyze the clinical significance of detection of RhE antigen combined with the detection frequencies and the features of anti-E antibodiy in the patients. Methods:Microcolumn gel method was used to detect the RhE antigen in 10 000 cases of hospitalized patients before blood transfuion,and irregular antibody screening and identification of the samples were performed. Results: The positive rate of RhE antigen in 10 000 cases of samples was 51.46% (5 146/10 000),the negative rate was 48.54% (4 854/10 000).There were 78 cases of positively irregular antibody screening in the patients,and the positive rate was 0.78%(78/10 000).There were 18 cases of anti-E antibody,accounting for 23.08% (18/78).In the 18 cases of patients with positive anti-E antibody,there were 17 cases of patietns with history of blood transfusion and pregnancy. The detection rate of anti-E antibody in the patients with history of clinical immunization was 0.33%(17/5 120,which was significantly higher than that in the patients without history of immunization (0.029%,1/4 880)(χ²=13.46,P<0.01). Conclusion: Anti-E antibody is most common irregular antibody in clinical blood transfusion detection,The detection of RhE antigen in the patients before transfusion can realize the RhE same type matching blood transfusion,which can avoid to produce the anti-E antibody in the patients and promote the clinical transfusion safety.

Key words: RhE antigen, anti-E antibody, microcolum gel method, irregular antibody