PGL2-ERβ was co-transfected into the HEK293T cells with Renilla luciferase plasmid Prep7-Rluc， then the HEK293T cells were divided into control group， estradiol group （1×10^－6 mmol·L^－1）， ginsenoside Rb1， Rb2， Rd， Rg1， Rg2 and Rh1 groups （1×10^－5 mmol·L^－1）.The dual luciferase activities in various groups were detected by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. The MC3T3-E1 cells were further divided into control group， estradiol group （1×10^－6 mmol·L^－1）， ginsenoside Rh1 group （1×10^－6 mmol·L^－1， 1×10^－5 mmol·L^－1 and 1×10^－4 mmol·L^－1）. The expression levels of ERβ protein in the MC3T3-E1 cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. The binding of ginsenoside Rh1 to ERβ protein was simulated by Auto Dock expreriment.The MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into control group， estradiol group （1×10^－6 mmol·L^－1）， ginsenoside Rh1 group （5×10^－6mmol·L^－1， 1×10^－5 mmol·L^－1， 5×10^－5 mmol·L^－1， 1×10^－4 mmol·L^－1， 1×10^－3 mmol·L^－1 and 5×10^－3 mmol·L^－1）， after treated for 24，48 and 72 h， the cell proliferation rates in various groups were detected by CCK-8 method. The MC3T3-E1 cells were divided into control group， estradiol group （1×10^－6 mmol·L^－1），and ginsenoside Rh1 groups （1×10^－5 mmol·L^－1 and 1×10^－4 mmol·L^－1）. The MC3T3-E1 cells were induced with osteogenic induction solution for 7， 14 and 21 d， respectively； alkaline phosphatase （ALP） staining and alizarin red staining were used to detect the staining areas of ALP and calcified nodules in the MC3T3-E1 cells and observe the effect of ginsenoside Rh1 on the osteogenic differentiation of the MC3T3-E1 cells.

In double luciferase reporter gene experiment， compared with control group， the luciferase activity of cells in ginsenoside Rh1 group （1×10^－5 mmol·L^－1） was significantly increased after ERβ-PGL2 plasmid was transfected into the 293T cells （P<0.05）.The results of Western blotting method showed that compared with blank control group， the expression levels of ERβ protein in the MC3T3-E1 cells in different concentrations of ginsenoside Rh1 groups were significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the expression level of ERβ protein reached the highest at the concentration of 1×10^－4 mmol·L^－1.In Auto Dock analysis， ginsenoside Rh1 could bind in the ligand binding pocket of ERβ protein. In CCK-8 experiment， compared with blank control group， the proliferation activities of MC3T3-E1 cells in 1×10^－5，5×10^－5，1×10^－4 and 1×10^－3 mmol·L^－1 ginsenoside Rh1 groups after cultured for 24，48 and 72 h were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the proliferation rate of cells ^{in 1×10－4 mmol·L－1 ginsenoside group reached the highest at 72 h. After osteogenic in differentiation， compared with control group， the ALP staining areas in different concentrations of ginsenoside Rh1 groups were significantly increased； when the ginsenoside concentration was 1×10－4 mmol·L－1， the staining area of ALP was the largest， and the staining area of ALP at 14 d was significantly increased compared with that at 7 d， in a time-and concentration-dependent manner；compared with control group，the alizarin red staining areas of mineralized nodules in different concentrations of ginsenoside Rh1 groups were significantly increased.}

Ginsenoside Rh1 can significantly promote the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts， and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of ERβ transcription and expression.