The eight-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were selected for primary culture of peritoneal macrophages， and the experiment was divided into control group（untreated），M1 polarization model group［adding lipopolysaccharide （LPS， 100 μg·L^－1） and interferon-γ （IFN-γ， 20 μg·L^－1） to induce the M1 polarization of peritoneal macrophages］ and GA group ［adding GA （37.5 mg·L^－1） to co-treat the peritoneal macrophages with lipopolysaccharide and IFN-γ on the basis of M1 polarization model group］. The morphology of cells was observed by inverted microscope， Annexin Ⅴ-PE/7-AAD double dyeing method was used to detect the apoptotic rates in various groups， the positive expression rates of F4/80⁺iNOS⁺ M1 macrophages were detected by flow cytometry， and the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） and interleukin-1β （IL-1β） in the cells in various groups were detected by Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR） method.

The results of inverted microscope showed that the cells in control group were mainly round or oval； in M1 polarization model group， the cells were mainly spindle-shaped； compared with M1 polarization model group， the spindle cells were decreased and the round cells were increased in GA group. There were no significant differences in the apoptotic rate of macrophages between three groups （P>0.05）. Compared with control group， the positive expression rate of F4/80⁺iNOS⁺M1 macrophages in M1 polarization model group was increased significantly （P<0.01）； the positive expression rate of F4/80⁺iNOS⁺M1 macrophages in GA group increased， but the difference was not statistically significant （P>0.05）. Compared with M1 polarization model group， the positive expression rate of F4/80⁺iNOS⁺M1 macrophages in GA group was decreased significantly （P<0.01）. Compared with control group， the expression levels of iNOS and IL-1β mRNA in the cells in M1 polarization model group were significantly increased （P<0.01）； compared with M1 polarization model group， the expression levels of iNOS and IL-1β mRNA in the cells in GA group were decreased significantly （P<0.01）； but there was no significant difference in the expression levels of iNOS and IL-1β mRNA between GA group and control group （P>0.05）.

GA has no obvious effect on the macrophage apoptosis， but it can inhibit the polarization of macrophages to type M1.