Objective: To observe the effects of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) inhibitory peptide (MIP) on the polarization of BV2 microglial cells activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and to clarify its mechnism. Methods: The BV2 microglia in logarithmic growth stage were divided into control group (without treatment), LPS group (treated with 1 mg·L^-1 LPS) and different doses of MIP+LPS groups (25, 50 and 100 mol·L^-1 MIP were respectively administrated for 1 h, and then LPS was added). The cell survival rates in each group were determined by MTT assay. The expression levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-4(IL-4), interleukin-10(IL-10) and interleukin-18(IL-18) mRNA in the BV2 microglial cells in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR), and the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and argininase-1 (Arg-1) proteins in the BV2 microglia in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. Results: The BV2 microglial cells in LPS group became larger in size and had more projections, which were amoeboid in shape. The activation rates of BV2 microglial cells in different doses of MIP+LPS groups were decreased significantly compared with LPS group(P<0.05 or P<0.01). The MTT results showed that compared with control group, the cell survival rates in LPS group was significantly decreased (P<0.01); compared with LPS group, the survival rates of BV2 microglial cells in different doses of MIP+LPS groups were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The RT-qPCR and Western blotting results showed that compared with LPS group, the expression levels of IL-1β mRNA, IL-18 mRNA, and iNOS protein in the BV2 microglial cells in different doses of MIP+LPS groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the expression levels of IL-4 mRNA, IL-10 mRNA and Arg-1 protein were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01) in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: MIP can inhibit the M1 polarization of activated BV2 microglial cells, promote the M2 phenotype transformation, and inhibit the over-activation of inflammation.

Objective: To prepare the cell membrane nanovesicles (NVs) derived from the human embryonic kidney cells and the doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanovesicles(NVs-DOX),and to investigate the cellular uptake of NVs-DOX and the killing effect on the melanoma cells. Methods: The cell membrane was prepared from HEK293 cells with ultracentrifugation method and the cell membrane was treated with Liposome extruder to obtain the cell membrane NVs;DOX was encapsulated into the inner cavity of NVs by electric shock to get the NVs-DOX. The size of NVs-DOX was determined by nanoparticle size analyzer. The cells without vescicles were used as control group,and the cell membrane NVs were used as experiment group.The biocompatibilities of NVs on the NIH3T3 cells under different concentrations(5,10,20,50 and 100 mg·L^-1)were detected by MTT method. The free DOX (10 mg·L^-1) was sued as control group,and different concentrations(0.001,0.005,0.010,0.050,0.100,0.500 and 1.000 μmol·L^-1) of NVs-DOX were used as experiment groups.Fluorescent imaging and flow cytometry were used to analyze the fluorescence distribution of NVs-DOX in melanoma B16F10 cells.In cytotoxicity experiment,the survival rates of cells in various groups were detected by MTT method;Live/dead cell staining method was used to detect the death of B16F10 cells after treatment with NVs-DOX (1 μmol·L^-1). Results: The NVs with a mean size of 254.3 nm were prepared with cell membrance materials and NVs-DOX with a mean diameter of 289.6 nm were also obtained with electric shock.The MTT results indicated that the survival rates of cells in different concentrations of NVs groups were higher than 100%.The fluorescence imaging results showed that after 3 h of drug incubation,the fluorescence intensity in the cell nucleus in NVs-DOX group was slightly lower than that in small molecule DOX group.The flow cytometry results showed that the internalization rate in NVs-DOX group(91.07%) was slightly lower than that in free DOX group(95.47%). The cytoxicity experiment results showed that both NVs-DOX group and small molecule DOX group displayed concentration-dependent killing effects on the B16F10 cells.When the concentration of DOX was 0.1 μmol·L^-1,the survival rate of B16F10 cells was lower than 20%. There was no significant difference in the survival rate of B16F10 cells between NVs-DOX group and free DOX group(P>0.05).The Live/dead cell staining results showed that there was no significant difference in the ratio of dead cells to total cells in the melanoma B16F10 cells between NVs-DOX group and free DOX group(P<0.05). Conclusion: The cell membrane NVs derived from human embryonic kidney cells and new DOX-loaded drug NVs-DOX are successfully prepared. NVs-DOX have good cellular uptake in the B16F10 cells and significantly killing effect on the melanoma cells.

Objective: To analyze the effect of total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae on the expression of sclerostin (SOST) in bone tissue of the osteoporosis rats, and to explore the mechanism of tatal flavonoids of Rhzomadrynariae in the anti-osteoporosis process. Methods: A total of 40 female rats aged 8 months were divided into normal control group (fed daily with saline by gavage), osteoporosis model group(administrated with 90 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 retinoic acid by gavaged for 14 d),positive drug group (administrated with retinoic acid by gavage for 14 d and subcutaneously injected with 0.1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 alendronare for 30 d),and total flavonoid of Rhizomadrynariae group (administrated with retinoic acid by gavaged for 14 d and 58 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae by gavage for 30 d);there were 10 rats in each group. The vein blood samples of the rats were collected after administratration, and the levels of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the indexes of liver and kidney function were detected, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (Crea) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN); one sides of the femurs of the rats were taken and the pathomorphology of bone tissue was observed by HE staining. The expression levels of SOST mRNA in bone tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by qRT-PCR and the expression levels of SOST protein in bone tissue of the rats were detected by Western blotting method. Results: Compared with osteoporosis model group, the serum calcium and phosphorus levels of the rats in positive drug group were significantly decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), however, the serum calcium level of the rats in total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group was significantly increased (P<0.05); compared with positive drug group, the serum levels of calcium, phosphorus and ALP in total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with normal control group, the serum Crea levels of the rats in osteoporosis model group, positive drug group and total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with osteoporosis model group and positive drug group, the serum Crea level of the rats in total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group was significantly reduced (P<0.01); there were no significant differences in the serum ALT, AST,and BUN levels of the rats among various groups (P>0.05). Under the light microscope, the metaphysis trabeculae of the rats in osteoporosis model group were atrophy, thin and broken, but the trabeculae in positive group and total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group were obviously thickened and continuity enhancement. Compared with osteoporosis model group, the expression levels of SOST mRNA in bone tissue of the rats in positive drug group and total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group were significantly decreased(P<0.01).The expression level of SOST protein in bone tissue of the rats in positive drug group was significantly lower than those in normal control group and osteoporosis model group (P<0.01). The expression level of SOST protein in bone tissue of the rats in total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae group was lower than those in normal control group and osteoporosis model group, but the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion: The mechanism of anti-osteoporosis of total flavonoids of Rhizomadrynariae may be related to inhibiting the synthesis of SOST by osteocytes to promote the bone formation.

Objective: To compare the sedative and hypnotic effects of ethanol extract of Acanthopanax senticosus root bark (SENR) and ethanol extract of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark (SESR) and their mechanisms, and to explore the feasibility of replacing Acanthopanax senticosus root bark with Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark. Methods: According to the different detection indexes, every 120 of 360 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group, diazepam group (administrated with 3 mg·kg^-1 DZP by gavage), different doses (4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg·kg^-1) of SENR groups and different doses (4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 mg·kg^-1) of SESR groups;there were 10 mice in each group. The mice were administrated for 5 d continuously, and the number of locomotor activities of the mice in various groups were recorded. The sub-hypnotic dose (28 mg·kg^-1) of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep experiment was used to record the incidence of sleep of the mice, and the hypnotic dose (48 mg·kg^-1) of pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep experiment was used to record the sleep latencies and sleep time of the mice. The hypnotic doses and sub-hypnotic doses of SENR and SESR were screened out according to the above experimental results. According to the different model drugs[5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and flumazenil (FLU)], every 60 of 180 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, SENR group, SESR group, SENR + model drug group and SESR + model drug group;there were 10 mice in each group. The mice were administrated for 5 d continuously, and pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep experiment was used to record the incidence of sleep latencies and sleep time of the mice in various groups, and the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in brain tissue of the mice were detected by ELISA. Results: Compared with blank control group, the number of locomotor activities of the mice in DZP group, different doses (8, 16, 32 and 64 mg·kg^-1) of SENR and different doses(8,16,32 and 64 mg·kg^-1) of SESR groups was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), the incidence of sleep was increased, the sleep latencies were shortened and the sleep time was prolonged (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Based on the experimental results, the sub-hypnotic doses of SENR and SESR were selected to be 4 mg·kg^-1 and the hypnotic doses were 32 mg·kg^-1. In the 5-HTP model test, compared with blank control group and SENR (4 mg·kg^-1) group and SESR (4 mg·kg^-1) group, the incidences of sleep of the mice in SENR + 5-HTP group and co-administered SESR + 5-HTP group were increased, the sleep latencies were shortened(P<0.01), the sleep time was prolonged(P<0.01), and the levels of 5-HT in the brain tissue were increased (P<0.01). In the FLU model test, compared with blank control group, the sleep latencies of the mice in SENR (32 mg·kg^-1) group and SESR (32 mg·kg^-1) group were shortened(P<0.01) and the sleep time was prolonged (P<0.01). Compared with SENR (32 mg·kg^-1) group and SESR (32 mg·kg^-1) group, the sleep latencies of mice in SENR + FLU group and SESR + FLU group were prolonged(P <0.01), the sleep time was shortened(P <0.01), and the GABA levels in the brain tissue were decreased (P <0.05). Conclusion: Both of SENR and SESR can exhibit the sedative and hypnotic effects in the mice, and their mechanisms may be related to up-regulating the levels of 5-HT and GABA in the brain tissue; in terms of sedative and hypnotic effects, Acanthopanax sessiliflorus root bark could be used as a substitute for Acanthopanax senticosus root bark.

Objective: To construct the eukaryotic expression vector of signal regulatory protein α-green fluorescent protein (SIRPα-GFP) to transfer the HEK293T cells to establish a cell line stably expressing SIRPα-GFP fusion protein,and to investigate the membrane location of SIRPα-GFP fusion protein in the HEK293T cells. Methods: The SIRPα plasmid and the expression vector including GFP were double-digested by endonucleases MluⅠand SgfⅠ, respectively.The SIRPα gene was cloned into the pLenti-GFP vector to construct the pLenti-SIRPα-GFP plasmid.The pLenti-SIRPα-GFP plasmid was transformed into the DH5α E. coli competent cells and sequenced. The plasmids were transfected into the HEK293T cells by Lipofectamine 3000.The expression of SIRPα-GFP in the stably transfected HEK293J cells was observed by fluorescence microscope and the expression of SIRPα-GFP fusion protein in HEK293T cells was detected by Western blotting method. Results: The results of enzyme digestion and DNA sequencing showed that the recombinant plasmid pLenti-SIRPα-GFP was successfully constructed. The fluorescence microscope analysis showed that the SIRPα-GFP fusion protein was located on the membrane of HEK293T cells. The Western blotting results confirmed the successful expression of SIRPα protein in the HEK293T cells transfected with pLenti-SIRPα-GFP plasmid. Conclusion: The pLenti-SIRPα-GFP plasmid is successfully constructed. The cell line stably expressing SIRPα-GFP is successfully prepared by transfecting the pLenti-SIRPα-GFP plasmid into the HEK293T cells. The SIRPα-GFP protein is located on the membrane of HEK293T cells.

Objective: To investigate the effect of curcumin on the gene expressions of cytokines secreted by tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) induced by the supernatants of the oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells (Cal27 cells), and to clarify the mechanism of curcumin's anti-OSCC effect. Methods: The Raw264.7 cells were randomly divided into control group and different concentrations (1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00, 20.00 and 40.00 μmol·L^-1) of curcumin groups. The cells from each group were added with Cal27 cell supernatants and incubated for 48 h, and the cell activities were detected by CCK-8 assay. The Raw264.7 cells were randomly divided into control group and different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 μmol·L^-1) of curcumin groups. The cells from each group were added with Cal27 cell supernatants and incubated for 36 and 48 h, and Real-time PCR method was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of interleukin-12 (IL-12), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the cells in various groups. After the Raw264.7 cells were incubated with Cal27 cell supernatants for 48 h, the cells in curcumin groups were treated with different concentrations (5, 10 and 20 μmol·L^-1) of curcumin for 48 h, and Real-time PCR curcumin method was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IL-12, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-10 and Arginase 1 (Arg-1) in the cells in various groups. Results: Compared with control group, the cell activity of Raw264.7 cells in 40 μmol·L^-1 curcumin group was significantly reduced (P<0.01). After the Raw264.7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of curcumin and Cal27 cell supernatants for 36 h, compared with control group, the IL-12 mRNA expression level in 20 μmol·L^-1 curcumin group was increased (P<0.01); the iNOS and TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells in 10 and 20 μmol·L^-1 groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the IL-10 mRNA expression level in 20 μmol·L^-1 group was decreased (P<0.01). After the Raw264.7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of curcumin and Cal27 cell supernatants for 48 h, compared with control group, the IL-12 mRNA expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells in 5 and 20 μmol·L^-1 groups were increased (P<0.01); the iNOS TNF-α and IL-10 mRNA expression levels in 5 and 20 μmol·L^-1 groups were decreased (P<0.01). After the Raw264.7 cells were incubated with Cal27 cell supernatants for 48 h, and intervented with different concentrations of curcumin, compared with control group, the IL-12 mRNA expression levels in 10 and 20 μmol·L^-1 curcumin groups were increased (P<0.01); the iNOS, TNF-α and Arg-1 mRNA expression levels in the Raw264.7 cells in different concentrations of curcumin groups were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the IL-10 mRNA expression level in the Raw264.7 cells in 20 μmol·L^-1 curcumin group was significantly reduced (P<0.01). Conclusion: Curcumin can regulate the mRNA expression levels of cytokines IL-12, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-10 and Arg-1 secreted by TAMs at different stages of TAMs induction.

Objective: To study the effects of poria cocos complex extract on the levels of blood glucose and blood lipid and the antioxidant capacity in the rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM), and to elucidate its mechanism. Methods: After 65 male SPF SD rats were adaptively fed for 1 week,10 rats were randomly selected as control group; the rest of rats were fed with high glucose and fat and intraperitoneally injected with STZ (30 mg·kg^-1) to establish the T2DM rat models. The model rats were randomly divided into model group, metformin group,and low, and medium and high doses of poria cocos compound extract groups. The rats in low, medium and high doses of poria cocos compound extract groups were administered with different doses (1.5, 3.0 and 6.0 g·kg^-1) of poria cocos compound extract by gavage for 4 weeks, and the rats in control group and model group were given the same volume of double distilled water for 4 weeks. The body weights and the levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the rats in various groups were detected, the levels of serum insulin (INS), glucagon (GC), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the rats in various groups were measured, and the homeostasis model was used to evaluate the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR). Results: Compared with control group, the body weight of the rats in model group was significantly reduced(P<0.05), the FBG level was significantly increased (P<0.05), the serum GC, TG, TC, LDL-C and MDA levels and HOMA-IR were significantly increased(P<0.05), and the serum INS and HDL-C levels and the SOD activity were significantly decreased(P<0.05). Compared with model group, the body weights of the rats in low, medium and high doses of poria cocos compound extract groups were significantly increased(P<0.05), the FBG levels were significantly decreased(P<0.05), the serum GC, TG, TC, LDL-C and MDA levels and HOMA-IR were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum INS and HDL-C levels and the SOD activities were significantly increased(P<0.05). Conclusion: Poria cocos compound extract can reduce the level of FBG, regulate lipid metabolism disorder and resist the oxidation in the T2DM rats, and significantly improve insulin resistance.

Objective: To explore the changes of shear bonding strength (SBS) and surface morphology of the bonding surface between leucite glass ceramic and resin after Er:YAG laser treatment and expound the influence of Er:YAG laser treatment with different powers as preconditioning method on the bonding strength of the bonding surface of ceramic restoration, and to provide the reference for the clinical application. Methods: The IPS Empress CAD glass ceramic blocks were prepared into 84 ceramic samples with 7 mm×6 mm×3 mm, and randomly divided into control group, acid etching group, 2 W laser group, 4 W laser group, 6 W laser group, 8 W laser group and 10 W laser group according to different surface treatment methods(12 samples in each group). Except for control group,surface treatment was carried out on the samples of other groups; the samples in acid etching group were treated with 9.5% hydrofluoric acid, and the samples in 2 W laser group, 4 W laser group, 6 W laser group, 8 W laser group and 10 W laser group were treated with Er:YAG laser with power of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 W, respectively. After the surface treatment of the samples was completed, 10 samples from each group were selected and tested by an electronic universal testing machine to detect the SBS values of the treated surface after bonded with the resin, and then the adhesion failure mode was observed by an optical stereoscopic microscope. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to observe the surface morphology of the other two samples in each group. Results: Compared with control group, the SBS values of samples in other groups were all increased (P<0.01). The SBS values of samples in 2 W laser group, 4 W laser group, 6 W laser group, 8 W laser group and 10 W laser group were successively increased, and there were significant differences between various groups (P<0.01). Compared with acid etching group, the SBS values of samples in 2 W laser group, 4 W laser group, 6 W laser group and 8 W laser group were all decreased (P<0.01), and the SBS value of sample in 10 W laser group had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).The failure mode observation showed that the failure modes of each group were mainly adhesive failures, occasionally mixed failures, and no cohesive failures. The SEM results showed that the surface of samples in control group was smooth and unchanged; many irregular grooves with different depthes were found in the surface of samples in acid etching group, presenting an obvious honeycomb structure; in 2 W laser group, the pits formed by the peeling of porcelain layer in a small range were observed; in 4 W laser group, the area and depth of pits of samples were increased; in 6 W laser group, continuous bulk peeling was observed; in 8 W laser group and 10 W laser group, the number of pits in surface of the samples was increased, presenting an obvious scale-like appearance. Conclusion: With the increase of the irradiation power of Er:YAG laser, leucite glass ceramic and resin show a gradually increasing bonding strength and a gradually rough surface morphology change. When the laser power reaches 10 W, the effect is similar to that of hydrofluoric acid treatment.

Objective: To investigate the effect of pirarubicin (THP) on the cardiomyocyte injury in the rats, and to analyze the establishment method of THP-induced cardiomyocyte injury model. Methods: The rat cardiomyocytes H9C2 were routinely cultured in vitro. The cardiomyocytes H9C2 were divided into blank control group(0 μmol·L^-1 group) and different concentrations(1×10^-6 mol·L^-1, 1×10^-5 mol·L^-1, 1×10^-4 mol·L^-1, 1×10^-3 mol·L^-1, 1 μmol·L^-1, 3 μmol·L^-1, 5 μmol·L^-1, 7 μmol·L^-1, 9 μmol·L^-1,and 10 μmol·L^-1)of TNP groups. The H9C2 cells were treated with different concentrations of THP; at 6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h, the survival rates of cells in various groups were detected by CCK-8 method; DCFH-DA reactive oxygen species (ROS) probe method was used to detect the intracellular ROS level; the malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in the cells in various groups were detected by thiobarbituric acid colorimetry, the superoxide dismntase(SOD) activities in the cells in various groups were detected by xanthine oxidation, and the lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) activities in the cells in various groups were detected by dinitrophenylhydrazine colorimetry; the apoptotic rates in various groups were determined by TUNEL staining; the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA in the H9C2 cells in various groups were determined by qRT-PCR method;the expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved Caspase-3, and Cleaved Caspase-9 proteins in H9C2 cells in various groups were determined by Western blotting method. Results: Compared with blank control group, the survival rates of H9C2 cells in 1, 5 and 9 μmol·L^-1 THP groups were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the intracellular ROS and MDA levels and LDH activities were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the SOD activities were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the apoptotic rates were increased(P<0.05), the expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 mRNA were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 mRNA were decreased (P<0.01);the expression levels of Bax, Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved Caspase-9 proteins were increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: THP has a damaging effect on the rat cardiomyocytes, of which 5 μmol·L^-1 is the optimal modeling concentration of THP-induced H9C2 injury model.

Objective: To investigate the influence of long non-coding RNA activated by TGF-β (LncRNA-ATB) by regulating microRNA (miRNA)-200c in the acute rejection (AR) and the inflammatory response of recipient tissue after transplantation in the kidney transplantation rats,and to analyze the potential molecular mechanism of AR of kidney transplantation. Methods: Thirty SD rats were used as donors and 30 Wistar rats were used as recipients. The donor kidneys were transplanted into the recipient rats by surgery to establish the models of kidney transplantion AR. The successful modeling rats (n=27) were randomly divided into model group, LncRNA-ATB short hairpin RNA (shRNA) group, and LncRNA-ATB-NC group; there were 9 rats in each group. Ten Wistar rats were selected and used as sham operation group. Two hours after transplantation, the rats in LncRNA-ATB-shRNA group and LncRNA-ATB-NC group were injected with LncRNA-ATB-shRNA and LncRNA-ATB-NC gene recombinant plasmid liposome complex in the tail vein (200 μL/rat), and the rats in sham operation group and model group were injected with Opti-MEM medium (200 μL/rat). After 7 d, the relative expression levels of LncRNA-ATB and miR-200c in peripheral blood of the rats in various groups were detected by RT-PCR method,and the levels of serum creatinine (Scr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of the rats in various groups were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer; the levels of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) of the rats in various groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA); HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of kidney tissue of the rats in various groups, and the diagnosis grade of AR and the AR semi-quantitative scores were performed;the expression levels of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4), myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) mRNA and proteins in kidney tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods. Results: The HE staining results showed that compared with sham operation group, there was AR in kidney tissue of the rats in model group, existing inflammatory cell infiltration, arterial inflammation, interstitial cell edema, and cortical hemorrhage, etc; the phathomorphology of kidney tissue of the rats of the rats in LncRNA-ATB-NC group was similar to model group; the pathomorphology of the kidney tissue in LncRNA-ATB-shRNA group was improved compared with model group and LncRNA-ATB-NC group. Compared with sham operation group, the expression levels of LncRNA-ATB in peripheral blood, the levels of serum Scr, BUN, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α,the AR semi-quantitative scores, the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB mRNA and proteins in kidney tissue of the rats in model group, LncRNA-ATB-NC group, and LncRNA-ATB-shRNA group were decreased(P<0.05), the expression levels of miR-200c in peripheral blood were decreased (P<0.05). Compared with model group and LncRNA-ATB-NC group, the expression level of LncRNA-ATB in peripheral blood,the levels of serum Scr, BUN, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α,the AR semi-quantitative score, the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB mRNA and proteins of the rats in LncRNA-ATB-shRNA group were reduced (P<0.05), and the expression level of miR-200c in peripheral blood was increased (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the expression levels of LncRNA-ATB and miR-200c in peripheral blood, the levels of serum Scr, BUN, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α,the AR semi-quantitative scores, and the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB mRNA and proteins in kidney tissue of the rats between model group and LncRNA-ATB-NC group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Silencing LncRNA-ATB can reduce AR after kidney transplantation in the rats and inhibit the inflammatory reactions in recipient tissue. Its mechanism may be related to up-regulating the expression of miR-200c kidney transplanted and inhibiting the expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB mRNA and proteins to exert the inflammatory suppression.

Objective: To explore the effect of LncRNA MALAT1 on the osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells(ADSCs) through the microRNA-34c/SATB2 axis, and to clarify its mechanism. Methods: The human ADSCs were transfected with Lenti-NC, Lenti-MALAT1, sh-NC, sh-MALAT1, miR-NC and miR-34c. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression levels of LncRNA MALAT1, miR-34c and SATB2 mRNA in the ADSCs. MiRcode and TargetScan 7.1 website were used to predicte and the targeted binding effect between miR-34c and LncRNA MALAT1, miR-34c and SATB2 were verified through luciferase reporter gene experiment; Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of osteogenic markers Runx2, OPN and OCN proteins in the ADSCs; ALP staining and Alizarin red S(ARS) staining were used to detect the levels of ALP and ARS and calcium salt deposition in the ADSCs. Results: Compared with day 0, the expression levels of LncRNA MALAT1, SATB2, Runx2, OPN, and OCN proteins in the cells were significantly increased on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, and 21st days after osteogenic induction of ADSCs (P<0.05); the expression levels were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with Lenti-NC group or sh-NC group, the expression level of LncRNA MALAT1,the expression levels of Runx2, OPN and OCN proteins, and the levels of ALP and ARS in the ADSCs in Lenti-MALAT1 group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the indexes mentioned obove in sh-MALAT1 group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Compared with miR-NC+Lenti-NC group, the expression levels of Runx2, OPN and OCN proteins in the ADSCs in miR-34c+Lenti-NC group were significantly reduced (P<0.01), and the levels of ALP and ARS were decreased(P<0.01),but the indexes mentioned obove in miR-34c+Lenti-MALAT1 group had no statistically significant differences (P>0.05). Compared with Lenti-NC+miR-NC group, the expression levels of Runx2, OPN and OCN proteins in the ADSCs in Lenti-SATB2+miR-NC group were significantly increased (P<0.01), and the levels of ALP and ARS were significantly increased (P<0.01);but the indexes mentioned above in Lenti-SATB2+miR-34c group had no statistically significant differences(P>0.05). Conclusion: LncRNA MALAT1 promotes the osteogenic differentiation of ADSCs through the miRNA-34c/SATB2 axis.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Qishen-Yiqi Dropping Pill (QSYQ) on the apoptosis of myocardial cells in the rats with chronic heart failure (CHF), and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, positive drug control group (6.75 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 Captopril), low dose (135 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) of QSYQ group and high dose (270 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) of QSYQ group, and there were 12 rats in each group. The CHF models were established by ligating anterior descending coronary artery. After successful establishment of the models,the rats were continuously administrated by gavage for 4 weeks; the cardiac function was measured by echocardiography and the apoptotic rate of myocardial cells was detected by TUNEL assay. The activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) of the rats were determined by colorimetry, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in myocardium tissue of the rats were detected by flow cytometry, and the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats were detected by Western blotting method. Result: Compared with sham operation group, the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVSD) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDD) of the rats in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF), and left ventricular short-axis shortening rate (FS) were significantly decreased (P<0.05); the number of brown and yellow myocardial cells was increased(P<0.05), and the apoptotic rate was significantly increased (P<0.05);the LDH activity and the ROS and MDA levels in serum were significantly increased (P<0.05),and the SOD activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05); the expression levels of Cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax protein in myocardium tissue were significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of Bcl-2, Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins were significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the LVSD and LVDD of the rats in high dose of QSYQ group and positive drug control group were significantly decreased (P<0.05), EF and FS were significantly increased (P<0.05); the number of brown and yellow myocardial cells was decreased (P<0.05), the apoptotic rates were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the LDH activities and the ROS and MDA levels in serum were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the SOD activities were significantly increased (P<0.05); the expression levels of Cleaved-Caspase-3 and Bax proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were significantly increased (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the above indexes of the rats between low dose of QSYQ group and model group (P>0.05). Compared with model group, the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in high dose of QSYQ group were significantly increased (P<0.05); there were no significant differences in the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats between low dose of QSYQ group and positive drug group (P>0.05). Conclusion: QSYQ can inhibit the apoptosis of myocardial cells in the rats with CHF, and its mechanism may be related to activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway and reducing the oxidative damage.

Objective: To explore the effect of p62 gene deletion on the autophagy activity of human adipose-derived stromal cells (hADSCs), and to clarify the molecular mechanism of fat differentiation. Methods: The hADSCs were isolated and cultured from human thigh subcutaneous fat tissue by typeⅠcollagenase digestion method. Adipogenic induction of hADSCs was performed with 80 μmol·L^-1 oleic acid(OA) combined with dexamethasone and insulin. The hADSCs were divided into control group and p62 gene deletion group. The hADSCs in p62 gene deletion group were transfected with p62 shRNA lentiviral vectors. The hADSCs in control group were transfected with empty vectors. CCK-8 assay was used to draw the growth curves of cells in two groups,and the changes of cell proliferation activities were observed; Nile red staining was used to observe the lipid droplet formation(number of Nile red staining positive cells); Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of adipogenic marker transcription factor C/EBPα and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3)-Ⅱ/Ⅰ (LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ).The autophagy activities (number of MDC staining positive cells) in two groups were detected by MDC staining. The mitochondrial autophagy activities of the cells in two groups were detected by fluorescence colocalization of LC3 and Mitotracker Red. Cyclosporin A(CsA) was used to inhibit the mitochondrial autophagy activities of the cells in two groups to induce adipogenesis, and the number of cells containing lipid droplets was counted under light microscope. Results: The isolated and cultured cells were polygonal or spindle-shaped, and the cells were arranged in a vortex after passage. A large number of lipid droplets were formed in the cells after OA-induced adipogenesis of hADSCs. The CCK-8 assay results showed that the number of cell proliferation activity in p62 gene deletion group 6 d after culture was significantly decreased (P<0.01).After adipogenesis induction,compared with control group, the number of Nile red staining positive cells in p62 gene deletion group was increased, the expression level of C/EBPα protein was increased (P<0.01); the number of MDC staining positive cells was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of LC3Ⅱ/LCⅠproteins were increased (P<0.01); the pitting and granulation of LC3 in the cells was increased, and the colocalization with mitochondria was increased. The number of cells containing lipid droplets in p62 gene deletion group was reduced to a level close to that in control group under light microscope after CsA was used to inhibit the mitochondrial autophagy. Conclusion: The deletion of p62 gene can promote the adipogenesis of hADSCs by enhancing the total autophagy and mitochondrial autophagy.

Objective: To explore the protective effect of ginsenoside on the oxidative stress injury of HepG2 cells induced by hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂), and to clarify its mechanism. Methods: The HepG2 cells were cultured, and different concentrations (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 1.0 mmol·L^-1) of H₂O₂ were used to induce the HepG2 cell injury. The HepG2 cells were divided into blank group, control group, injury group, ginsenoside control group and ginsenoside protection group. The cells were incubated with 10,20 and 40 μmol·L^-1 ginsenoside RH1, F1, RD, RO and RE for 3 h, and injured with H₂O₂ for 2 h; CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell survival rate, CAA method was used to detect the cell antioxidant capacity, DCFH-DA fluorescence probe method was used to detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and WST-1 method was used to detect the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD). Results: The half inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of H₂O₂ was 0.4 mmol·L^-1. Compared with injury group, after 10, 20 and 40 μmol·L^-1 ginsenoside RH1, F1, RD, RE and RO pretreatment, the survival rates of HepG2 cells induced by H₂O₂ were increased in varying degrees, and the cell survival rate in ginsenoside F1 protection group was most significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with control group, in the survival rates of HepG2 cells in 10, 20 and 40 μmol·L^-1 ginsenoside Rh1, F1, RD, and RO protection groups had no significant differences(P>0.05). The half effective concentration(EC₅₀)of ginsenoside F1 was (15.82 ±0.82) μmol·L^-1, and the CAA equivalent was (1275.20±33.90) μmol TE/100 μ mol·L^-1 ginsenoside F1. Compared with control group, the ROS level in HepG2 cells in injury group was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the SOD activity was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with injury group, the ROS level in HepG2 cells in ginsenoside F1 protection group was significantly decreased (P<0.05) and the SOD activity was significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ginsenoside F1 can protect the stress injury of HepG2 cells induced by H₂O₂ by the increasing the cell antioxidant capacity, decreasing the ROS level and increasing the SOD activity.

Objective: To observe the effects of velvet antler collagen type Ⅰ (VACT Ⅰ) on the proliferation and cell cycle of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), and to explore its relationships with the expressions of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan. Methods: The healthy male SD rats aged 4 weeks were chosen and the BMSCs were extracted by differential adhesion method and cultivated. The experiment was divided into blank control group, transforming growth factor β3(TGF-β3) (10 μg·L^-1) group, and different concentrations (1.25, 2.50, 5.00, 10.00, and 20.00 g·L^-1) of VACT I groups. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferation rates of BMSCs in various groups. The levels of bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) and transcription factor Sox9 in the cell supernatant in various groups were detected by ELISA method. The percentages of BMSCs in different cell cycles in various groups were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan mRNA and proteins in BMSCs in various groups were detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods, respectively. Results: Compared with blank control group, the proliferation rates of BMSCs of the rats in 2.50-20.00 g·L^-1 VACT Ⅰ groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The ELISA results showed that compared with blank control group, the levels of BMP-4 and Sox9 in the cell supernatant of the rats in TGF-β3 group and different concentrations of VACTⅠ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The flow cytometry results showed that compared with blank control group, the percentages of BMSCs in different cell cycles of the rats in TGF-β3 group and different concentration of VACT Ⅰ groups had no significant differences(P>0.05). The RT-PCR results showed that compared with blank control group, the mRNA expression levels of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan in TGF-β3 group and different concentrations of VACT Ⅰ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05). The Western blotting results showed that compared with blank control group, the expression levels of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan proteins in TGF-β3 group and different concentrations of VACTⅠ groups were significantly increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: VACTⅠcan promote the release of BMP-4 and Sox9 from cells, increase the expression levels of type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan, and inhibit the proliferation of BMSCs. It is a potential chondrogenic differentiation inducer.

Objective: To observe the effects of Astragalus Injection on the serum myocardial enzymes,oxidative kinases, the expressions of inflammatory factors and the apoptosis-related proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats with sleep deprivation, and to investigate its protective effect on the heart and mechanism. Methods: A total of 40 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, low dose of Astragalus Injection group and high dose of Astragalus Injection group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in low and high doses of Astragalus Injection groups were intraperitioneally injected with 0.2 and 0.8 mL·kg^-1 Astragalus Injection, while the rats in control group and model group were given normal saline, and lasted for 2 weeks. The sleep deprivation rat models were established by modified multiple platform water environment method(MMPWM). The morphology of myocardum tissue of the rats in various groups was observed by HE staining. TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptotic myocardiocytes, and the apoptotic index (AI) was calculated. Biochemical analyzer was used to detect the activities of serum myocardial enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (α-HBDH) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT). ELISA was used to detect the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups. ELISA was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups. The expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(VCAM-1) and Caspase-3 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were determined by Western blotting method. Results: Compared with model group, the inflammatory infiltration and edema of the rats in low and high doses of Astragalus Injection groups were significantly reduced, the AI was significantly decreased (P<0.05), the activities of serum LDH, CK, α-HBDH and ALT of the rats in low and high doses of Astragalus Injection groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in myocardium tissue of the rats were significantly increased (P<0.05), the levels of MDA were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in myocardium tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.05), the expression levels of Bax, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and Caspase-3 proteins were significantly decreased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with low dose of Astragalus Injection group, the myocardial injury of the rats in high dose of Astragalus Injection group was improved significantly and the each index was changed more obviously. Conclusion: Astragalus Injection can protect the myocardium tissue damage caused by sleep deprivation of the rats, and its mechanism may be related to reducing oxidative stress, down-regulating the expressions of adhesion molecule and apoptotic protein and reducing apoptosis and inflammatory factor release; the effect is dose dependent in a certain range.

Objective: To study the effects of salvianolic acid on the levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in myocardium tissue of atrial fibrillation rats and extracellular signal-regulating enzymes 1/2-nuclear transcription factor-κB (ERK1/2-NF-κB) signaling pathway, and to explore the possible mechanism of salvianolic acid in the preventing and treating atrial fibrillation. Methods: Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into control group, atrial fibrillation group and salvianolic acid group, with 16 rats in each group.The rat models of atrial fibrillation were established by intravenous injection of calcium chloride-acetylcholine mixture in the sublingual vein. The rats in salvianolic acid group were administrated with Salvianolic acid (4 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by gavage and the rats in control group and atrial fibrillation group were intragastrically administered with an equal amount of normal saline, once a day, for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin-Eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of myocardium tissue of the rats. Masson staining was used to observe the myocardial fibrosis. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were measured by immunohistochemical staining. Western bloting method was used to determine the expression levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, ERK1/2, phosphorylated ERK1/2(p-ERK1/2), NF-κB and phosphorylated NF-κB (p-NF-κB) in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups. Results: The HE staining results showed that there was no obvious abnormality in the myocardial cells of the rats in control group. In atrial fibrillation group, myocardial interstitial tissue was increased, and inflammatory cell infiltration was found. Compared with atrial fibrillation group,the myocardial interstitial tissue in salvianolic acid group was slightly more, and inflammatory cell infiltration was not obvious. The Masson staining results showed that the myocardial interstitial collagen fibers of the rats in control group were normal, and the myocardial interstitial collagen fibers of the rats in atrial fibrillation group were increased significantly; compared with atrial fibrillation group, the myocardial interstitial collagen fibers of the rats in salvianolic acid group were significantly reduced. Compared with control group, the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9,VCAM-1, ICAM-1, p-ERK1/2 and p-NF-κB proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in atrial fibrillation group and salvianolic acid group were increased (P<0.05). Compared with atrial fibrillation group, the expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-9, VCAM-1, ICAM-1, p-ERK1/2 and p-NF-κB proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in salvianolic acid group were reduced (P<0.05). The expression levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in atrial fibrillation group were positively correlated with the expression levels of VCAM-1(r=0.435, P<0.01;r=0.512, P<0.05) and ICAM-1(r=0.486,P<0.01;r=0.579, P<0.01) proteins. Conclusion: Salvianolic acid can reduce the levels of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, inhibit myocardial fibrosis, and exert the protective effect on atrial fibrillation by inhibiting the activation of ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway in myocardium tissue of the atrial fibrillation rats.

Objective: To observe the expression levels of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in cancer tissue of the patients with endometrial carcinoma and explore its effects on the migration and invasion abilities of endometrial carcinoma cells through in vitro cell experiment, and to elucidate the mechanism. Methods: Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the positive expression rates of ILK in cancer tissue and adjacent tissue in 29 patients with endometrial carcinoma. ILK siRNA and siRNA control were respectively transfected into the endometrial carcinoma HEC-1B cells as interference group and empty vector group, while the untreated cells were used as control group. Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of ILK, protein kinase B(Akt),phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt), glycogen synthase kinase-3β(GSK-3β) and phosphorylated GSK-3β(p-GSK-3β) in the HEC-1B cells. Cell scratch test was used to detect the cell migration distance. Transwell chamber method was used to detect the number of invasion cells. Results: The positive expression rates of ILK in 29 cases of endometrial carcinoma and adjacent tissues were 79.3% and 10.3%,respectively;the expression level of ILK in endometrial carcinoma tissue was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissue (χ²=27.89, P<0.05). Compared with control group and empty vector group, the expression levels of ILK, p-Akt, and p-GSK-3β proteins in the HEC-1B cells in interference group were significantly reduced (P<0.05), and there were no statistically significant differences between the expression levels of Akt and GSK-3β proteins (P>0.05). The cell scratch test results showed that compared with control group and empty vector group, the migration distance of the HEC-1B cells in interference group was significantly shortened(P<0.05),and the number of invasion cells was significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: ILK is highly expressed in the endometrial carcinoma tissue, interfering the expression of ILK can reduce the migration and invasion abilities of endometrial carcinoma cells, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of phosphorylations of Akt and GSK-3β proteins.

Objective: To investigate the effects of long-chain non-coding RNA (LncRNA) CCAT1 on the proliferation, invasion, migration and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway of the endometrial cancer cells,and to elucidate the role of CCAT1 in the occurrence and development of endometrial cancer and its possible mechanism. Methods: The human endometrial cancer Ishiwaka cells were divided into blank control group, negative control group, CCAT1-siRNA group and CCAT1-siRNA+LY364947 group.The cells in negative control group were transfected with negative control siRNA,the cells in CCAT1-siRNA group were transfected with CCAT1-siRNA; the cells in CCAT1-siRNA+LY364947 group were transfected with CCAT1-siRNA and added with LY364947 (3μL),and the cells in blank control group were not transfected.RT-PCR method was used to determine the CCAT1 miRNA expression levels.CCK8 method was used to measure proliferation abilities of cells.Transwell chamber experiment was used to measure the abilities of invasion and migration of cells.Western blotting method was used to measure the expression levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), E-cadherin, vimentin, snail, Twist, Smad2/3, phosphorylated Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) and TGF-β1 proteins in the Ishiwaka cells in various groups. Results: The expression level of CCAT1 mRNA in the Ishiwaka cells was very obvious higher than that in the human endometrial matrix T-HESC cells (t=12.929, P<0.01).Compared with blank control group and negative control group,the CCAT1 miRNA expression levels, the proliferation abilities of cells the number of invasion cells and the number migration cells in CCAT1-siRNA group and CCAT1-siRNA+LY36494 group were obviously decreased (P<0.05),the expression levels of PCNA, vimentin, snail, Twist, p-Smad2/3 and TGF-β1 proteins were obviously decreased (P<0.05),and the expression levels of E-cadherin protein were obviously increased (P<0.05). Compared with CCAT1-siRNA group, the proliferation ability of cells, the number of invasion cells and the number of migration cells in CCAT1-siRNA+LY364947 group were obviously decreased (P<0.05),the expression levels of PCNA, vimentin, snail, Twist, p-Smad2/3 and TGF-β1 proteins were obviously decreased (P<0.05),and the expression level of E-cadherin protein was obviously increased (P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the indexes mentioned above in the Ishiwaka cells between blank control group and negative control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Silencing LncRNA CCAT1 can inhibit the proliferation, invasion and migration of endometrial cancer cells by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.

Objective: To investigate the effect of inhibiting the activation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor α(PDGFRα) on the proliferation of glial cells and the scar formation after brain injury in the mice,and to clarify its mechanism. Methods: A total of 48 8-weeks-old BALB/c mice were selected to establish the damage models of nigra striatum pathway. The model mice were divided into PDGFRα inhibitor AG1296 group(AG1296 group) and DMSO control group (DMSO group) (n=24); the mice in AG1296 group were injected with inhibitor AG1296 along the injured site for 3 d after operation, 5 μ L (5 mmol·L^-1) every day,and the mice in DMSO group were injected with the same dose of DMSO. On the 1st, 4th, 7th and 14th days after operation, 2 mm brain tissues were taken before and after brain injury of every 6 mice were obtained. The expression levels of phosphorylated PDGFRα (p-PDGFRα), glial fibrilary acidic protein(GFAP) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecle 1(IBA-1) proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting method. The expressions of NG2,CD45,fibronectin (FN) and type Ⅳ collagen (Col Ⅳ) in brain tissue of the mice were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the number of cells with the brownish yellow positive expression of p-PDGFRα in brain tissue of the mice was the most 4 d after injury,the GFAP perotein had the highest positive expression 14 d after injury,and IBA-1 protein had the highest positive expression 7 d after injury. The expression levels of p-PDGFRα, GFAP,and IBA-1 proteins in brain tissue of the mice in AG1296 group were significantly lower than those in DMSO group at different time points. The results of Western blotting showed that the expression of p-PDGFRα, GFAP and IBA-1 in AG1296 group were significantly lower than those in DMSO control group (P<0.01). The immunohistochemistry staining results showed that the number of NG2,CD45,FN,and ColⅣ positive expression cells in AG1296 group was significantly decreasesd compared with DMSO group 14 d after injury.The scar formation results showed that in AG1296 group, the large cavity in the injury center of brain tissue of the mice disappeared, leaving only a gap; there were still many GFAP positive glial cells around the injury, but there was no obvious boundary membrane, and the number of other positive cells was significantly less than that in DMSO group. Conclusion: Inhibiting the activation of PDGFRα can reduce the proliferation of glial cells after brain injury, and then reduce the formation of scar tissue.

Objective: To investigate the effect of Schisandrae Chinensis extracts (SCE) on the expressions of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase subunits NOX2 and p47phox in myocardium tissue of the diabetic rats, and to clarify its protective effect on myocardium of the rats. Methods: Forty-nine clean healthy male Wistar rats were given single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to establish the diabetic rat models. Forty-five model rats were randomly divided into model group (n=12), low dose (100 mg·kg^-1) of SCE group(n=1), medium dose (200 mg·kg^-1) of SCE group(n=11) and high dose (400 mg·kg^-1) of SCE group(n=11); another 10 rats were selected as normal control group. After 12 weeks of intervention, the blood sample was obtained from abdominal aorta after anesthesia,and the serum was isolated;the heart was obtained and the weight of left ventricle was weighed,and the left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was calculated;the levels of fasting blood glucose(FBG), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in serum of the rats in various groups were detected by automatic analyzer, the pathological changes of myocardium tissue were observed by HE staining, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione kinase (GSH) in myocardium tissue were determined by colorimetry, the expression levels of NOX2 mRNA and p47phox mRNA in myocardium tissue of the rats were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and the expression levels of NOX2 and p47phox proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats were detected by Western blotting method. Results: Compared with normal control group, the LVMI of the rats in model group was increased(P<0.01), the arrangement of myocardial cells was disordered, the levels of serum FBG, CK, LDH and MDA in myocardium tissue were increased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the activities of SOD and GSH in myocardium tissue were decreased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of NOX2 and p47phox mRNA and proteins were increased (P<0.01). Compared with model group, the LVMI of the rats in different doses of SCE groups was decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the myocardial damages were reduced, the levels of serum FBG, CK, LDH and MDA in myocardium tissue were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01), the SOD and GSH activities were increased (P<0.05), and the expression levels of NOX2 and p47phox mRNA and proteins were decreased (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: SCE can reduce the FBG level of the diabetic rats, inhibit the expression of NADPH oxidase in myocardium tissue, and reduce the level of oxidative stress in myocardium tissue, which may be related to its myocardial protective effect.

Objective: To screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with bioinformatics tools, and to explore the core genes of AML and clarify its pathogenesis. Methods: The transcriptional data of pediatric AML met the requirement were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The DEGs were further screened out using GEO2R web tool, and the functional annotation of Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome (KEGG) were used to analyze the function and pathway enrichment of the DEGs. STRING database was used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the relative Hub genes and transcription factors were screened with Cytoscape software and iRegulon. The top five core genes were analyzed through Gene-Cloud of Biotechnology Information (GCBI) online database. Results: A total of 600 DEGs were identified, of which 407 genes were up-regulated and 193 genes were down-regulated. The GO analysis results showed that most of DEGs were associated with cellular components including nucleoplasm, cytosol, membrane and nuclear speck. The KEGG analysis demonstrated that the DEGs were mainly enriched in the tumor necrosis factor(TNF) signaling pathway, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and Jak-STAT signaling pathway. Through STRING database and Cytoscape software, a total of the top 20 core genes with the highest connection were screened out, including FPR2, PIK3R1, EP300, HSP90AA1, and NRAS. Among them, Ep300, HSP90AA1,and NRAS were associated with the development of leukemia. Moreover, iRegulon tool screened 55 transcription factors which targeted to the Hub genes such as TP63, NFE2L1 and TBX. Conclusion: The selected Hub genes and transcription factors maybe participate in the occurrence and development of pediatric AML and may be used as new therapeutic target for the disease.

Objective: To explore the effects of general anesthesia combined with rectus sheath block(RSB) or transverse abdominis plane block(TAPB) on the early pain of the patients after cytoreductive surgery combined with hyperthermie intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS/HIPEC), and to provide a reference for performing more optimized anesthesia and analgesia program. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted and the patients underwent CRS/HIPEC in our hospital were selected. The information of anesthesia method was collected by inquiring anesthesia record sheet. According to the different anesthesia methods, the patients were divided into simple general anesthesia group(n=202), general anesthesia combined with RSB group (RSB group) (n=62)and general anesthesia combined with TAPB group (TAPB group)(n=54). Using propensity score to match the general data of three groups, 35 patients in each group were matched. The patients in three groups received the same general anesthesia plan. In RSB group, 0.375% ropivacaine hydrochloride 20 mL was given to the posterior sheath of bilateral rectus abdominis of the patients, and in TAPB group, 0.375% ropivacaine hydrochloride 20 mL was given to the plane of bilateral transverse abdominis of the patients. The changes of hemodynamic indexes, the whole time of operation, the time of extubation after operation, the incidence of hypertension, emergence agitation, nausea and vomiting during the recovery period of anesthesia, the total amount of remifentanil and the total amount of muscle relaxant during operation of the patients in three groups were recorded. All patients in three groups were given patient controlled intravenous analgesia(PCIA), and visual analogue score (VAS), PCIA input dose and pressing times of the patients were recorded at 2, 6 and 12 h after operation. Results: There were no significant differences in baseline data among three groups(P>0.05). and there were no significant differences in the hemodynamic indexes and operation time(P>0.05). The extubation time, remifentanil dosage and muscle relaxant dosage of the patient in RSB group and TAPB group were significantly lower than those in simple general anesthesia group(P<0.05). The incidence of hypertension, emergence agitation, nausea and vomiting in recovery period of the patients in RSB group and TAPB group were significantly lower than those in simpe general anesthesia group(P<0.05). Compared with simple general anesthesia group, the VAS, the PCIA input doses and pressing times of the patients in RSB group and TAPB group were significantly decreased in 2 and 6 h after operation(P<0.05). Conclusion: General anesthesia combined with RSB and general anesthesia combined with TAPB in the CRS/HIPEC operation mode can maintain the hemodynamic stability of the patients during operation, and the early postoperative analgesia effect of the patients is better, so it is a more optimized anesthesia scheme.

Objective: To analyze and evaluate the expansion efficiency of microimplant-assisted rapid palatal expansion (MARPE) in the treatment of maxillary transverse deficiency (MTD) in the adolescents, and to provide the reference for the formulation of clinical treatment plan. Methods: The clinical materials of 20 adolescent patients with MTD, who received MARPE, were selected;the buccal maxillary width(BMW), palatal maxillary width(PMW), the amount of sutural expansion(SE), the amount of MSE appliance expansion(AE), and the first molar angle (MA) and the change values of BMW and PMW (ΔBMW and ΔPMW)before and after treatment of the patients with MTD were detected by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) before and after treatment. The percentage of bony expansion efficiency, the percentages of alveolar bone bending amount and the percentages of remaining effects were calculated. Results: Compared with before expansion treatment,the BMW and PMW at different tooth positions were increased (P<0.05),and the bilateral MA were decreased(P<0.05).Compared with the ΔPMW at the first molar, the ΔBMW at the first molar was larger (t=3.047, P<0.05);compared with the SE at the first molar, the ΔBMW at the first molar was larger (t=9.655, P<0.05).Compared with the ΔBMW at the first premolar, the ΔBMW at the first molar was larger(P<0.05).The percentages of bony expansion efficiencies from the first molar and the second premolar to the first premolar were decveased,but the percentages of alveolar bending amount and the percentages of remaining effects were increased gradually.Conclusion: MARPE can effectively open the palatal suture of the adolescents with MTD, and the efficiency of bony expansion is up to 74%.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy of Qingre Xiaoyan Guchi Sustained Release Preparation combined with subgingival sandblasting in the treatment of peri-implantitis, and to clarify its mechanism in the treatment of peri-implantitis. Methods: Seventy-two patients with peri-implantitis were selected and divided into control group and Chinese medicine group according to the time of consultation (n=36). Both groups of patients were treated with basic periodontal treatment by the first doctor;the patients in control group received supragingival scaling treatment and subgingival sandblasting, and the patients in Chinese medicine group received supragingival treatment, subgingival curettage, and subgingival sandblasting. The implant periodontal pockets of the patients in two groups were rinsed and placed with drugs by the second doctor.The patients in Chinese medicine group were rinsed with 0.9% sodium chloride injection and received Qingre Xiaoyan Guchi Sustained Release Preparation in the pockets around the implants;and 3% hydrogen peroxide + 0.9% sodium chloride injection was used to rinse the pockets around the implants in control group. The periodontal indexes,including modified plaque index(mPLI),periodontal probing depth(PPD), modified sulcular bleeding index(mSBI)of the patients' teeth in two groups were recorded before treatment and after 1 course of treatment(4 weeks as a course of treatment) by the third doctor,and the implant gingival crevicular fluid (PISF) quality and the interleukin-1β(IL-1β) levels in PISF of the patients in two groups were detected. Results: There were no significant differences in the PPD, mSBI, mPLI, PISF, and IL-1β in PISF of the patients between two groups before treatment (P>0.05). Compared with before treatment,after intervention of different treatment methods,the mPLI,PPD,and mSBI of the patients in two groups were decreased (P<0.05).Compared with control group. the mSBI, mPLI, and PPD of the patients in Chinese medicine group after treatment were significantly reduced(P<0.05),and the PISF quality and the IL-1β levels in PISF were also significantly reduced (P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with traditional mechanical therapy combined with hydrogen peroxide and saline irrigation, the use of Qingre Xiaoyan Guchi Sustained Release Preparation combined with subgingival sandblasting is more effective in treating peri-implantitis,which can significantly reduce PPD, mSBI, mPLI, PISF quality and IL-1β level, and the clinical symptoms are alleviated after treatment.

Objective: To explore the preoperative diagnosis, surgical treatment, functional exercise and recurrence factors of tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) in hand,and to provide the theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of TGCT in hand. Methods: The clinical materials of 23 patients with TGCT in hand were retrospectively analyzed.The preoperative ultrasound diagnosis and postoperative pathology diagnosis of the patients were compared. The X-ray examination results of hands were analyzed. The superficial local ultrasound examination of the patients was followed-up. The patients were asked to fill in the Michigan Hand Outcomes Questionnaire (MHQ), and E-Link was used to measure the grip strength of the affected side and the healthy side of the patients three times, the total active motion(TAM) values of both sides were calculated, and the subjective satisfaction and hand function of the patients were evaluated. Results: There were 23 patients with TGCT in hand, including 4 males and 19 females, aged 18-68 years old, mean (48.5±15.1) years old;among them, 12 cases of left-handed, 11 cases of right-handed; 21 cases of local nodular type TGCT(L-TGCT) and 2 cases of diffuse type TGCT(D-TGCT). The preoperative ultrasound diagnosis result was in accord with the postoperative pathology diagnosis results.There was no bone damage in X-ray examination before operation. The patients were followed up for 6-26 months,mean (16±6.5) months;the results of superficial local ultrasound showed recurrence in 1 case,and the recurrence rate was 4.3%. The grip strength and TAM values of the affected sides in 2 patients with D-TGCT were significantly lower than those of the healthy side; the grip strength and TAM values of 21 patients with L-TGCT had no significant differences compared with the healthy sides.The MHQ scores were less than 80 in 3 cases and more than 80 in 20 cases. Conclusion: Complete resection of TGCT can reduce the recurrence rate, and active functional exercise can achieve good rehabilitation effect.

Objective: To analyze the clinical features, imaging characteristics and treatment of the male elderly patient with atypical choroid plexus papilloma(ACPP) in the suprasellar region existing impaired vision as main symptom, and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods: The clinical data of a patient with ACPP in the suprasellar region existing impaired vision as main symptom were collected, and the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of ACPP were analyzed, and the relative literatures were reviewed. Results: A 61-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with a more than 1 year history of headache and a more than 2 months history of progressive decline in binocular vision. The laboratory examination results revealed that the serum cortisol contents at 00:00 and 8:00 were decreased. The results of brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination showed a 3.2 cm×2.7 cm×2.0 cm oval mass in the suprasellar region with inheterogeneous hypointensity on T1WI and inheterogeneous hyperintensity on T2WI.The enhanced scranning results showed that the lesion exhibited mixed hypointensity and hyperintensity with blocky in shape and flower ring-like ehancement in its surrounding. The results of laboratory examination and MRI indicated that diagnosis of glioma was not excluded. The patient underwent semi-elective operation and the tumor was resected completely; the pathological diagnosis was ACPP. The patient did not receive radiotherapy or chemotherapy after operation. There was no recurrence after follow-up. Conclusion: ACPP is a kind of low grade malignant tumor without specific imaging findings. Total resection is an effective treatment. Pathological diagnosis is the gold standard for the diagnosis of ACPP. The patients with ACPP diagnosed by pathology should regularly receive reexamination after operation.

Objective: To analyze the clinical diagnosis and treatment of the patient with brain edema, acute myocardial injury, acute liver injury, rhabdomyolysis and other complications caused by diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) combined with hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state(HHS), and to improve the clinicians' understanding of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome caused by DKA combined with HHS. Methods: The clinical materials of a patient with DKA combined with HHS were collected, and the relevant literatures were reviewed; the diagnosis and treatment methods of the disease were analyzed. Results: A female 26-year-old patient was admitted to hospital because of "poor appetite, palpitation for 1 month, nausea and vomiting for 3 d, aggravation with unconsciousness for 3 h". The main clinical manifestations of the patient were shock,HHS,ketoacidosis,brain edema, acute myocardial injury, acute kidney injury, rhabdomyolysis and so on;the diagnosis was DKA complicated HHS and MODS.The patient was treated with fluid resuscitation, insulin, blood purification,organ protection. After that, the patient's vital signs were stable and the organ functions were improved,the patient was discharged. The telephone follow-up 6 months after discharge showed that blood glucose and organ function were normal. Conclusion: DKA complicated with HHS is vital sign of poor prognosis, especially in the younger patients. In case of MODS, early diagnosis and prevention is the key to reduce death and improve prognosis.

Objective: To explore the clinical manifestations,diagnosis points and differential diagnosis of the patient with nevus of ota complicated with Posner-Schlossman syndrome(PSS), and to improve clinicians' understanding of the disease. Methods: The clinical materials of a patient with nevus of ota complicated with PSS were collected; slit-lamp microscope,ultrasound biomicroscope,perimeter,gonioscope and other instruments were used for inspection, the examination results and diagnosis and treatment process of this patient were summarized, and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results: The male patient,15 years old, went to hospital because of "blurred vision and redness in the right eye",the patient's right temporal, cheek, nose and forehead skin showed blue and black pigmented plaques;the eye examination results showed that the intraocular pressure of the patient's right eye was increased,and there were conjunctival hyperemia, peripheral pigmentation of the sclera, mild corneal edema in right eye and 3 mutton fat isolated keratic precipitates(KPs) behind the cornea. The gonioscope examination results showed that the angle of anterior chamber was open,and trabecular meshwork and ciliary body had extensive pigmentation. Clinical diagnosis was nevus of ota complicated with PSS; the patient was given symptomatic treatment of lowering intraocular pressure and anti-inflammatory, and the patient recovered well. The patient was followed up for 2 years and recurred once, and was given symptomatic treatment again and the symptoms were improved. Conclusion: Increased intraocular pressure is a common serious complication of nevus of ota. This patient had blurred vision and increased intraocular pressure, which was easy to be misdiagnosed as nevus of ota complicated with glaucoma.A diagnosis of PSS should be made based on the clinical manifestations and eye examinations, so as not to delay treatment.

Objective: To analyze the clinical materials of the patient with the first branchial arch syndrome complicated with dermoid cyst and clarify its pathogenesis, and to improve the understanding of the clinicians on this disease. Methods: The clinical materials of one patient with the first branchial arch syndrome complicated with dermoid cyst were collected. Combined with the relevant literatures, the clinical features, radiological appearance, and diagnosis and operation methods were discussed. Results: A 9-year-old girl was hospitalized because the right facial area had swollen with no obvious incentives for a week, the anti-inflammatory treatment was ineffective, and the swelling was slowly aggravated. The special examination showed that the face was asymmetrical, the right face was swollen, and the sinus was visible and yellow-white liquid could be squeezed out. The preauricular appendages from both sides of the parotideomasseteric region could be seen, and the right external ear canal was abnormal. The left external auditory canal and tragus of patient's father was deformity and one round preauricular excrescence could be seen. The CT and MRI results showed maxillary and mandibular bone hypoplasia of the patient, sclerotin absent of the posterior portion of the right mandible ramus and smaller right parotid gland than the contralateral one. The color ultrasound results showed a subcutaneous 1.6 cm×1.1 cm echo on the right cheek containing cystic and solid components in which that cystic component was main. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was dermoid cyst. Conclusion: The first branchial arch syndrome exists unclear swelling; when anti-inflammatory treatment is ineffective, the first branchial arch syndrome complicated with dermoid cyst could be firstly considered. This disease has a familial hereditary tendency and the operation is the primary treatment method.

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of soft tissue augmentation and bone regeneration combined with immediate implantation on the soft and hard tissue loss in the patient with severe chronic periodontitis, and to analyze its significance for the treatment and functional recovery of oral diseases. Methods: The male patient aged 50 years old. 25 and 26 of the patient were residual roots with a height of about 2 mm below the gingival. The cone beam CT (CBCT)results showed that buccal and palatal alveolar ridge top distance of 26 from maxillary sinus floor was 5.9 and 3.6 mm, respectively. The probing depth (PD) was 5-7 mm, the attachment loss (AL) was 3-4 mm, and the bleeding on probing (BOP) was positive.The patient was treated with basic periodontal therapy, and the residual roots were removed after stabilization and maxillary sinus elevation and immediate implantation combined with the platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and guided bone regeneration (GBR) were performed; free gingival transplantation was operated alternatively.The patient received regular examination.Results: The periodontal state of the patient was stable and oral hygiene was good. After free gingival transplantation, the donor area recovered well and the average keratinized mucosal width reached 8 mm. After 18 months of re-examination, the implant was stable and the follow-up X-ray examination results showed no significant difference in the bone density images between the peri-plant bone and the adjacent teeth. The epithelium cuff shape of implant teeth gingival was nice, gingival was pink and the keratinized gingival was sufficient. Conclusion: If the periodontal inflammation is controlled, the treatment of periodontal soft and hard tissue loss can be done by maxillary sinus elevation, PRF and GBR combined with free gingival transplantation, which will be very beneficial for the healthy survival of implants.