吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (10): 2466-2473.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210317

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇    

冻结过程冰黏附界面应力特性规律与分析

陈奕颖1,2(),金敬福1,2,王家旭1,2,齐迎春1,2,王琳3,陈廷坤1,2()   

  1. 1.吉林大学 生物与农业工程学院，长春 130022
    2.吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室，长春 130022
    3.拖拉机动力系统国家重点实验室，河南 洛阳 471039
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-11 出版日期:2022-10-01 发布日期:2022-11-11
  • 通讯作者: 陈廷坤 E-mail:yiyingc20@mails.jlu.edu.cn;chentk@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:陈奕颖（1991-），女，博士研究生.研究方向：冻黏规律及其机理.E-mail： yiyingc20@mails.jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技厅项目(20220101215JC);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52205309);吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20211070KJ);拖拉机动力系统国家重点实验室开放课题(SKT2022002);吉林大学研究生创新研究基金项目(101832022CX022)

Stress characteristic of ice adhesion interface during freezing process

Yi-ying CHEN1,2(),Jing-fu JIN1,2,Jia-xu WANG1,2,Ying-chun QI1,2,Lin WANG3,Ting-kun CHEN1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering，Ministry of Education，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Power System of Tractor，Luoyang 471039，China
  • Received:2021-04-11 Online:2022-10-01 Published:2022-11-11
  • Contact: Ting-kun CHEN E-mail:yiyingc20@mails.jlu.edu.cn;chentk@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

根据水/冰和铝合金的热膨胀系数差异及水结冰相变膨胀特性，观察水在铝合金表面的冻结过程，并利用应变测试方法间接获取结冰界面应力变化规律。结合水滴在铝合金表面冻结过程中的形态特征，分析了结冰过程冻结界面切向黏附力的形成规律及产生特点。试验发现，在冻结过程中，随着环境温度的降低，水与铝合金间的界面应变先逐渐降低；当铝合金表面附着水发生相变时，结冰黏附界面应变迅速增加；待铝合金表面附着水完全冻结后，黏附界面应变趋于稳定。分析表明，低温环境里铝合金表面附着水进入过冷状态，水及铝合金基底收缩，界面应变降低；当水开始相变，与基底表面接触区域附着水相变冻结，伴随冰黏附现象的产生，咬合并黏附于界面，相变膨胀力克服铝合金基底的收缩应力，界面应变迅速增加；待附着水完全冻结结冰及环境温度稳定时，冰与铝合金间形成稳定的黏附界面，结冰黏附界面应力趋于稳定。研究结冰黏附界面应力特性有助于阐释结冰黏附及其强度的形成规律，为工程领域开发或优化过程干预式防除冰技术提供理论支撑。

关键词: 冰黏附, 结冰界面, 冻结过程, 界面切向应力, 结冰黏附强度

Abstract:

According to the difference of thermal expansion coefficients between water/ice and aluminum alloy， and the phase change expansion characteristics of water during the freezing process， the freezing process of water on the aluminum alloy surface was observed. And the freezing interface stress was obtained indirectly by using the strain test method. Combined with the morphological characteristics of water in the freezing process of aluminum alloy surface， the formation law of tangential adhesion force at the freezing interface during the freezing process and the generation characteristics were analyzed. It was found that during the freezing process， the interfacial strain between water and aluminum alloy first decreased gradually as the ambient temperature decreased. When the water attached to the aluminum alloy surface began to phase change， the freezing interface strain increased rapidly. After the water attached to the aluminum alloy surface was completely frozen， the freezing interface strain tended to stabilize. The analysis showed that in the low-temperature environment， the water attached to the aluminum alloy surface entered the supercooled state. And the water and aluminum alloy substrate shrank， and the interface strain decreased. When the water started phase change， the water attached to the substrate surface began to freeze into ice. And the accreted ice bit and adhered to the material surface， the phase change expansion force overcame the shrinkage stress of the aluminum alloy substrate， and the interface strain increased rapidly. Moreover， when the attached water was completely frozen and the ambient temperature stabilized， a stable adhesion interface was formed between the ice and aluminum alloy， and the ice adhesion interface stress was formed. Finally， studying the interfacial stress characteristics of icing adhesion could help explain the formation of the law of icing adhesion and its strength. Also， it would provide theoretical support for the developing or optimizing of process intervention anti-icing technology in the engineering field.

Key words: ice adhesion, freezing interface, freezing process, interface stress, ice adhesion strength

中图分类号: 

  • TB131

表1

铝合金和水/冰的热膨胀系数 (℃-1)"

温度/℃铝合金水/℃-1冰/℃-1
2023.2×10-620.8×10-5-
-2021.6×10-6-51×10-6

图1

不同温度下铝合金和水/冰的体积变化规律"

表2

1060铝合金参数值"

参数名称

导热系数

/［W·（m·K）-1］

弹性模量

/GPa

密度

/（g·cm-3）

参数值234692.71

图2

贴有应变片的铝合金试样"

图3

冻结过程应变采集系统1-电脑；2-动态电阻应变仪；3-可程式环境箱；4-Pt100温度计；5-铝合金薄板；6-水/冰"

图4

冻结过程中结冰界面应变的变化"

图5

界面应变迅速增加阶段重复试验情况"

表3

冻结过程界面应变变化"

界面应变试验组号均值标准差
第一组第二组第三组第四组第五组第六组

有水试样

Δμε1

2021961922001892041975.37

无水试样

Δμε2

-316-318-315-310-314-321-3163.42

两试样应变差

Δμε

5185145075105035255137.25

图6

水在铝合金表面的冻结过程"

图7

结冰黏附强度形成过程"

图8

结冰界面应力特性"

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[1] 陈奕颖,金敬福,丛茜,陈廷坤,任露泉. 不同冰点介质对冰黏附强度的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(5): 1926-1932.
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