Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (2): 549-556.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20181163

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An optimization⁃based evacuation model considering pedestrian heterogeneity

Da-wei ZHANG1(),Hai-tao ZHU1,2   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
    2.College of Shipbuilding Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, China
  • Received:2018-11-26 Online:2020-03-01 Published:2020-03-08

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Abstract:

In order to investigate the personal characteristics in heterogeneous pedestrian crowds during evacuation, an optimization-based evacuation model is proposed. The concepts of visual area of each agent and personal sensitivity to the space availability are introduced. A side preference of each pedestrian is implemented based on traffic social norms. The criteria for the evaluating of space availability are established to depict the personal heterogeneity from the perspective of both behavior and decision-making. The model was employed to simulate overtaking behavior and lane formation and the phase change of pedestrian lanes in heterogeneous pedestrian crowds was observed experimentally. The model was validated by comparing the simulation results with experiment date and with the results obtained by other evacuation model. The fundamental diagram of heterogeneous crowds was also investigated. The results show that the proposed model could simulate reasonably the personal behavior as well as the self-organization phenomena in heterogeneous crowds, thus providing the reasonable and effective strategies for crowds management in emergent situation.

Key words: engineering of communications and transportation system, evacuation model, overtaking behavior, decision-making behavior, lane formation

CLC Number: 

  • U491

Fig.1

Definitions of ‘visual area’"

Fig.2

Basic algorithm for optimization-based evacuation model"

Fig.3

Schematic illustration of a corridor for simulation"

Fig.4

Initial pedestrian formations in each experiment"

Fig.5

Comparisons of results with experiment"

Table 1

Time of each pedestrian flow pattern in unidirectional flow"

人群模式仿真时间/s绝对误差/s
a 22.20.38
a 45.01.80
b 23.40.46
b 44.80.21
c 23.60.20
c 45.80.75

Fig.6

Images captured of pedestrian flow pattern"

Fig.7

Results using proposed model in this paper"

Fig.8

Rresults using FDS+Evac model"

Table 2

Time of each pedestrian flow pattern in bidirectional flow"

人群模式Tr/s Ts/s 绝对误差/s
11.502.10.60
25.236.61.37
37.739.11.37
49.7311.61.87

Fig.9

Schematic illustration of a long corridor"

Fig.10

Comparison of relationship between density andspecific flow rate with experimental data"

Fig.11

Comparison of relationship between density and walking speed with experimental data"

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