Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (2): 383-392.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240764

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Reliability of truck braking on downhill sections of highways based on stopping sight distance

Hang ZHANG1(),Yu-hao XIONG1,Neng-chao LYU2   

  1. 1.School of Transportation and Logistics Engineering，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan 430063，China
    2.Intelligent Transportation Systems Research Center，Wuhan University of Technology，Wuhan 430063，China
  • Received:2024-07-10 Online:2026-02-01 Published:2026-03-17

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Abstract:

In order to further improve the safety of truck braking process， the reliability of truck stopping sight distance on downhill section of highway is studied. A four-stage stopping sight distance model considering the ABS is constructed. The reliability theory is introduced to analyze the reliability of truck stopping sight distance on the downhill section of the highway by using Monte Carlo method， and the suggested value of truck stopping sight distance is given. Furthermore， the rationality of the model is verified by engineering examples and TruckSim simulation. The results show that there is a positive correlation between the probability of stopping sight distance failure and the accident rate； the error of the calculated value of the reliability model is smaller than the standardized value， and the results are more conservative. It shows that the research results have certain practical significance for reducing road safety risks.

Key words: highway engineering, reliability theory, stopping sight distance, truck, highway, TruckSim

CLC Number: 

  • U412.3

Fig 1

Four-stage model of parking sight distance under the influence of the ABS"

Table 1

Specified value of stopping dight distance for trucks on downhill sections"

纵坡坡度/%设计速度/（km·h-1）
12010080
0245180125
3265190130
4273195132
5200136
6139

Table 2

Related parameters of truck speed on downhill section of a highway in central China"

设计速度/ （km·h-1）

样本

数

正态参数/（km·h-1）logistic参数
平均值标准差位置参数尺度参数
8078563.6116.19763.6113.417
10094280.7657.12480.7653.928
12093897.5258.21197.5254.527

Table 3

Relationship of friction index to skid resistance、coefficient of friction and pavement condition"

摩擦指数抗滑性能实际摩擦因数对应路面状况
1级优异0.75~0.96常温、干燥、无杂质
1级良好0.65~0.75干燥、无积水
1级正常0.56~0.64潮湿、少量积水
2级稍差0.51~0.55积水、低温
3级较差0.41~0.50积水伴浮雪、霜
4级很差0.31~0.40积雪
5级极差0.18~0.30结冰

Table 4

Reliability for different security levels"

项目结构安全等级
一级二级三级
公路等级高速公路一级公路二级公路
目标可靠度/%959085

Fig.2

Reliable probability curve of stopping sight distance for trucks on downhill sections under different design speeds"

Table 5

Suggested value of stopping sight distance for trucks with design speed v= 80 km/h"

路面摩擦

指数

道路纵坡/%
3456
1级130132136139
2级157159161163
3级179182187192
4级201207213220
5级354385425473

Table 6

Suggested value of stopping sight distance for trucks with design speed v=100 km/h"

路面摩擦

指数

道路纵坡/%
345
1级190195200
2级232237240
3级271278285
4级308320333
5级622698790

Table 7

Suggested value of stopping sight distance for trucks with design speed v=120 km/h"

路面摩擦

指数

道路纵坡/%
34
1级265273
2级327333
3级390401
4级455478
5级1 0721 232

Fig 3

Distribution of accident types"

Table 8

Example analysis and correction of truck stopping sight distance reliability （v=80 km/h）"

序号桩号范围纵坡/%

事故率/

（次·km-1）

区间车速失效概率/%95%可靠度视距值/m
最大值/（km·h-1）最小值/（km·h-1）
1K149+40~K149+850520.7772.758.238.27171
2K152+500~K153+350412.6171.159.923.22153
3K165+600~K166+740321.8873.160.139.51172
4K171+800~K172+700315.4271.759.428.87155
5K176+500~K177+50511.6469.660.613.71148
6K185+300~K186+100314.7767.561.830.43157
7K189+900~K190+100415.8368.660.327.19155
8K197+000~K198+50311.8465.959.915.89149

Fig 4

Relationship between accident rate and failure probability of stopping sight distance"

Table 9

Main vehicle parameters of TruckSim"

参 数数值
整车质量/kg49 000
车长/mm6 800
车宽/mm2 500
车高/mm3 700
发动机最大功率/kW270
最大扭矩/（N·m-1）900
比功率/（kW·t-1）5.51

Fig.5

Simulation results and comparison"

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