妊娠对雌性大鼠冷防御性肩胛间区棕色脂肪组织产热的影响及其机制

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587X.20220301

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的

研究妊娠对雌性大鼠冷防御反应的影响，并探讨其作用机制。

方法

42只成年雌性大鼠随机分为非妊娠期组（n=14）、妊娠中期组（n=14）和妊娠晚期组（n=14）。非妊娠期组雌性大鼠不与雄性大鼠合笼，妊娠中期和妊娠晚期组雌性大鼠与雄性大鼠合笼交配，采用氨基甲酸乙酯和α-氯醛糖混合液麻醉各组大鼠。采用冰水降低各组大鼠腹部皮肤温度，给予皮肤冷刺激建立冷防御反应模型。采用多通道温度信号测量系统同步监测各组大鼠皮肤冷刺激前后腹部皮肤、直肠和肩胛间区棕色脂肪组织（iBAT）温度，采用多通道温度信号测量系统和生物信号采集系统同步监测各组大鼠皮肤冷刺激前后腹部皮肤和直肠温度及支配iBAT的交感神经放电活动（SNA）情况。

结果

与冷刺激前比较，接受冷刺激后各组大鼠皮肤温度均明显降低（P<0.05），各组大鼠直肠温度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。接受冷刺激后，各组大鼠皮肤温度下降幅度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；各组大鼠直肠温度变化幅度比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。与冷刺激前比较，接受冷刺激后，非妊娠期和妊娠中期组雌性大鼠iBAT温度均明显升高（P<0.05），妊娠晚期组大鼠iBAT温度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。接受冷刺激后，与非妊娠期组比较，妊娠中期组大鼠iBAT温度上升幅度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。接受冷刺激后，与非妊娠期或妊娠中期组比较，妊娠晚期组大鼠iBAT温度上升幅度明显降低（P<0.05）。与冷刺激前比较，接受冷刺激后非妊娠期和妊娠中期组大鼠iBAT SNA均明显升高（P<0.05），妊娠晚期组大鼠iBAT SNA差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。接受冷刺激后，与非妊娠期组比较，妊娠中期组大鼠iBAT SNA上升幅度差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；与非妊娠期或妊娠中期组比较，妊娠晚期组大鼠iBAT SNA上升幅度明显降低（P<0.05）。

结论

非妊娠期和妊娠中期大鼠具有正常的冷防御反应；妊娠晚期大鼠冷防御反应减弱。这种现象与非妊娠期和妊娠中期大鼠具有正常的冷防御性iBAT SNA、而妊娠晚期大鼠的冷防御性iBAT SNA受到抑制有关。

关键词: 妊娠, 冷防御反应, 棕色脂肪组织, 交感神经放电活动, 体温调节

Abstract:

Objective： To study the effect of pregnancy on the cold defense response in the female rats， and to analyze its mechanism.

Methods

A total of 42 adult female SD rats were selected and divided into non-pregnancy group （n=14）， second trimester of pregnancy group （n=14） and third trimester of pregnancy group （n=14）. The female rats in second trimester of pregnancy and third trimester of pregnancy groups were mated with the adult male rats， whereas the rats in non-pregnancy group were not. The rats in various groups were anesthetized with urethane and α-chloralose. The abdominal skin of the rats was cooled by ice-cold water for making skin cooling state to establish the cold defense response model. The abdominal skin temperature， rectum temperature and temperature of interscapular brown adipose tissue （iBAT） of the rats in various groups before and after skin cooling were recorded through multichannel temperature measuring system，and the abdominal skin temperature， rectum temperature， and the iBAT sympathetic nerve activity （iBAT SNA） of the rats in various groups before and after skin cooling were monitored by multichannel temperature measuring system and biological signal acquisition system.

Results

Compared with before skin cooling， the skin temperature of the rats in various groups after skin cooling was decreased （P<0.05）， the rectum temperature of the rats in various groups after skin cooling had no significant differences（P>0.05）. In addition， after skin cooling，there was no significant difference in the decreasing of skin temperature of the rats among various groups（P>0.05）；there was no significant difference in the decreasing of rectum temperature of the rats among various groups（P>0.05）.Compared with before skin cooling， the iBAT temperture of the rats in non-pregnancy and second trimester of pregnancy groups were increased after skin cooling （P<0.05）， and there was no significant difference in iBAT temperature of the rats in third trimester of pregnancy group （P>0.05）.After skin cooling， compared with non-pregnancy group， the increasing of iBAT temperature of the rats in second trimester of pregnancy group had no significant difference（P>0.05）. After skin cooling， compared with non-pregnancy or second trimester of pregnancy groups， the increasing of iBAT temperature of the rats in third trimester of pregnancy group was decreased （P<0.05）.Compared with before skin cooling，the iBAT SNA of the rats in non-pregnancy group and second trimester of pregnancy group after skin cooling were increased（P<0.05），and the iBAT SNA of the rats in third trimester of pregnancy group had no significant difference（P>0.05）.After skin cooling，compared with non-pregnancy group，the increasing of iBAT SNA of the rats in second trimester of pregnancy group had no significant difference（P>0.05）；compared with non-pregnancy group and second trimester of pregnancy group，the increasing of iBAT SNA of the rats in third trimester group was decreased（P<0.05）.

Conclusion

The cold defense response in the non-pregnancy and second trimester of pregnancy rats is normal， whereas the cold defence response in the third trimester of pregnancy rats is reduced.This phenomenon is related to the normal cold defensive iBAT SNA in the non-pregnancy and second trimester of pregnancy rats， while the cold defensive iBAT SNA in the third trimester of pregnancy rats is inhibited.

Key words: Pregnancy, Cold defense responses, Brown adipose tissue, Sympathetic nerve activity, Thermoregulation

中图分类号:

R714

侯晓钰,李娅,谢江燕,宋宜安,张洁,胥建辉. 妊娠对雌性大鼠冷防御性肩胛间区棕色脂肪组织产热的影响及其机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2022, 48(3): 553-560.

Xiaoyu HOU,Ya LI,Jiangyan XIE,Yian SONG,Jie ZHANG,Jianhui XU. Effect of pregnancy on cold defense-induced interscapular brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in famale rats and its mechanism[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition), 2022, 48(3): 553-560.

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Group	Temperature of skin			△T(skin)	Temperature of iBAT
Group	Before skin cooling	After skin cooling		△T(skin)	Before skin cooling	After skin cooling
Non-pregnancy	38.27±0.28	28.44±0.35^*		－9.82±0.32	35.23±0.41	36.31±0.29^**
Second trimester of pregnancy	38.21±0.26	28.19±0.38^*		－10.03±0.51	35.16±0.44	36.13±0.45^**
Third trimester of pregnancy	38.21±0.26	28.30±0.43^*		－9.91±0.60	35.03±0.73	35.16±0.69
Group	△T(iBAT)		Temperature of rectum			△T(rectum)
Group	△T(iBAT)		Before skin coling		After skin cooling	△T(rectum)
Nonpregnant rats	1.05±0.29		37.06±0.37		37.03±0.54	－0.02±0.22
Second trimester of pregnancy	0.98±0.39		37.49±0.53		37.37±0.63	－0.11±0.19
Third trimester of pregnancy	0.11±0.20^△#		37.32±0.51		37.20±0.47	－0.12±0.39

Group	Temperature of skin(θ/℃)				△T(skin)(θ/℃)		SNA(U/μV)
Group	Before skin cooling		After skin cooling		△T(skin)(θ/℃)		Before skin cooling		After skin cooling
Non-pregnantcy	38.10±0.26	28.29±0.44^*			－9.81±0.57		6.97±3.95	74.37±34.08^**
Second trimester of pregnancy	38.36±0.29	28.18±0.50^*			－10.17±0.63		6.28±3.45	68.71±26.64^**
Third trimester of pregnancy	38.33±0.34	28.05±0.53^*			－10.29±0.77		7.81±2.45	9.07±4.77
Group	△SNA(U/μV)			Temperature of rectum(θ/℃)				△T(rectum)(θ/℃)
Group	△SNA(U/μV)			Before skin cooling		After skin cooling		△T(rectum)(θ/℃)
Non-pregnancy	67.39±33.13			37.28±0.34		37.24±0.33		－0.04±0.08
Second trimester of pregnancy	62.43±26.56			37.46±0.41		37.41±0.56		－0.05±0.23
Third trimester of pregnancy	1.26±4.65^△#			37.19±0.38		37.15±0.42		－0.04±0.08

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