甘草次酸对雄黄致小鼠海马突触超微结构损伤的改善作用

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587x.20190210

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的：探讨甘草次酸（GA）对雄黄致小鼠海马突触超微结构损伤的改善作用，并阐明其相关机制。方法：60只ICR小鼠随机分为对照组[灌胃给予0.5%羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC-Na）水溶液]、雄黄组（灌胃给予雄黄混悬液1.35 g·kg^-1）和GA干预组（灌胃给予GA48 mg·kg^-1+雄黄1.35 g·kg^-1）（n=20），每日1次，连续灌胃8周。采用新事物识别实验检测各组小鼠记忆能力和认知功能，测定各组小鼠海马组织中谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平，利用透射电镜观察海马CA1区突触超微结构、突触间隙宽度、突触活性带长度、突触后致密物（PSD）厚度和突触界面曲率等结构参数的变化。结果：与对照组比较，雄黄组小鼠新物体优先指数（PI）和海马组织中GSH水平明显降低（P<0.05）；与雄黄组比较，GA干预组小鼠新物体PI虽有所增大，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），小鼠海马组织中GSH水平升高（P<0.01）。与对照组比较，雄黄组小鼠海马CA1区突触结构模糊，突触间隙宽度明显增加（P<0.01），突触活性带长度变短（P<0.01），PSD厚度明显变薄（P<0.01），突触界面曲率减小（P<0.01）；与雄黄组比较，GA干预组小鼠海马CA1区突触结构较清晰、完整，突触间隙宽度变窄（P<0.05），突触活性带长度变大（P<0.05），PSD厚度增加（P<0.05）；突触界面曲率虽有所增大，但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：雄黄可致小鼠海马突触结构参数改变，导致记忆能力和认知功能降低，GA可部分改善小鼠海马突触超微结构的异常变化。

关键词: 甘草次酸, 雄黄, 海马, 突触, 超微结构

Abstract: Objective: To explore the improvement of glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) on the damage of synaptic ultrastructures of hippocampus induced by realgar in the mice, and to clarify the related mechanisms.Methods: Sixty ICR mice were randomly divided into three groups with twenty mice in eachgroup: control group (intragastrically treated with 0.5 % CMC-Na), realgar group (intragatrically treated with realgar 1.35 g·kg^-1), and GA intervention group (intragastrically administered with GA 48 mg·kg^-1 and realgar 1.35 g·kg^-1). The mice were administrated once a day for eight consecutive weeks. The cognitive and memory abilities were tested using object recognition task (ORT).The levels of glutathione(GSH) in the hippocampus in the mice in various groups were detected. The changes of the ultrastructures of synapse in hippocampal CA1 region, the width of synaptic cleft, the length of synaptic active zone, the thickness of post synaptic density (PSD) and the curvature of synaptic interface were observed by transmission electron microscope.Results: Compared with control group, the preferential index (PI) for the novel object and the level of GSH in the hippocampus tissue of the mice in realgar group were significantly decreased (P<0.05);compared with realgar group, the PI for the novel object had no obvious changes and only showed the increasing tendency (P>0.05),and the level of GSH in the hippocampus tissue of the mice in GA intervention group was significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the synaptic structure in the hippocampal CA1 region of the mice in realgar group was fuzzy; the width of synaptic cleft was increased (P<0.01),the length of the synaptic active zone, the thickness of PSD and the curvature of synaptic interface were decreased (P<0.01).Compared with realgar group, the synaptic structure in the hippocampal CA1 region of the mice in GA intervention group was clear and complete;the width of synaptic cleft was decreased (P<0.05), the length of the synaptic active zone and the thickness of PSD were significantly increased (P<0.05); the curvature of synaptic interface had no obvious change, only showed the increasing tendency (P>0.05).Conclusion: Realgar can change the synaptic structural parameters and cause deficits in cognitive and memory abilities. GA can alleviate the abnormal ultrastructural changes in the hippocampal synapses of the mice.

Key words: glycyrrhetinic acid, realgar, hippocampus, synapses, ultrastructure

中图分类号:

R114

王艳蕾, 贾雨涵, 赵嘉涵, 汤雅婷, 林艺鑫, 陈默, 姜泓. 甘草次酸对雄黄致小鼠海马突触超微结构损伤的改善作用[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2019, 45(02): 268-272.

WANG Yanlei, JIA Yuhan, ZHAO Jiahan, TANG Yating, LIN Yixin, CHEN Mo, JIANG Hong. Improvement of glycyrrhetinic acid on damage of synaptic ultrastructures of hippocampus induced by realgar in mice[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition), 2019, 45(02): 268-272.

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