吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 944-949.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587x.20190436

• 调查研究 • 上一篇    

离退休职工独居状态与抑郁和焦虑的关系及社会参与质量的中介作用

韩东良1, 秦泽盈2, 徐明图3, 付聪3, 李敬阳3   

  1. 1. 吉林大学第一医院离退休工作部, 吉林 长春 130021;
    2. 吉林大学公共卫生学院社会医学教研室, 吉林 长春 130021;
    3. 吉林大学第一医院心理卫生科, 吉林 长春 130021
  • 收稿日期:2019-01-12 发布日期:2019-08-02
  • 通讯作者: 李敬阳,教授,硕士研究生导师(Tel:0431-88782865,E-mail:lijingyang@126.com) E-mail:lijingyang@126.com
  • 作者简介:韩东良(1965-),男,吉林省长春市人,讲师,医学硕士,主要从事老年心理健康方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省教育厅人文社会科学研究规划项目资助课题(JJKH20190216SK)

Relationship between living alone of retired employees and depression and anxiety and mediating role of social participation quality

HAN Dongliang1, QIN Zeying2, XU Mingtu3, FU Cong3, LI Jingyang3   

  1. 1. Department of Retirement, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
    2. Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
    3. Department of Mental Health, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
  • Received:2019-01-12 Published:2019-08-02

摘要: 目的:探讨影响离退休职工抑郁和焦虑情绪的相关因素,检验社会参与质量在老年独居状态与抑郁和焦虑间的中介作用。方法:以吉林大学第一医院符合入组标准的离退休职工为研究对象,进行基本情况问卷调查,以生命质量量表的社会方面评分评估社会参与质量,以患者健康问卷抑郁分表和焦虑筛查问卷评估抑郁和焦虑情绪,获得有效问卷642份,对相关影响因素进行线性回归分析,并针对老年独居群体采用逐步回归分析法进行中介效应检验。结果:离退休职工抑郁的影响因素为体育活动(β=-0.948,P<0.01)、娱乐活动(β=-1.423,P<0.01)、慢性病患病情况(β=2.579,P<0.01)、家庭收入(β=-0.557,P<0.05)、是否坚持工作(β=-1.673,P<0.05)和是否独居(β=2.097,P<0.01);焦虑的影响因素为体育活动(β=-0.711,P<0.05)、娱乐活动(β=-1.380,P<0.01)、慢性病患病情况(β=1.204,P<0.05)和是否独居(β=1.639,P<0.05)。针对老年独居群体,将独居状态和社会参与质量作为自变量同时纳入线性回归中,显示独居状态对于抑郁和焦虑的影响差异无统计学意义(β=0.837,P=0.218;β=0.837,P=0.218),社会参与质量在独居状态与抑郁和焦虑之间起到完全中介的作用。结论:体育活动、娱乐活动、慢性病患病情况和是否独居是离退休职工抑郁和焦虑情绪的相关影响因素。社会参与质量在老年独居状态与抑郁和焦虑之间具有完全的中介作用。

关键词: 离退休职工, 独居, 抑郁, 焦虑, 社会参与

Abstract: Objective:To explore the related factors of depression and anxiety among the retired employees, and to examine the mediating role of social participation quality in the elderly between living alone and depression and anxiety. Methods:The retired employees who met the admission criteria in the First Hospital of Jilin University were selected as the subjects. The basic situation questionnaire was used in this study, and the social participation quality, depression and anxiety were assessed by social aspect of the Quality of Life Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire Depression Table and Anxiety Screening Questionnaire, respectively. A total of 642 valid questionnaires were obtained. Linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors, and the mediating effect test was conducted by stepwise regression analysis. Results:The influencing factors of depression in the retired employees were physical exercise (β=-0.948, P<0.01), entertainment (β=-1.423, P<0.01), whether to suffer from chronic diseases (β=2.579, P<0.01), family income (β=-0.557, P<0.05), whether to insist on work (β=-1.673, P<0.05), and whether to live alone (β=2.097, P<0.01).The influencing factors of anxiety were physical exercise (β=-0.711, P<0.05), entertainment (β=-1.380, P<0.01), whether to suffer from chronic diseases (β=1.204, P<0.05), and whether to live alone (β=1.639, P<0.05).In the elderly, living alone status and social participation quality were input in the linear regression as the independent variables,and the results showed that the effects of living alone status on depression and anxiety had no the significant differences (β=0.837, P=0.218; β=0.837, P=0.218), and social participation quality played a full mediating role between living alone status and depression and anxiety. Conclusion:Physical exercise, entertainment, whether to suffer from chronic diseases and whether to live alone are the influencing factors of depression and anxiety in the retired employees; social participation quality plays a full mediating effect between living alone status and depression and anxiety.

Key words: retired employees, living alone, depression, anxiety, social participation

中图分类号: 

  • R195