吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2016, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (02): 204-209.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587x.20160203

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

松质骨和皮质骨厚度对种植体周围应力分布的影响

陈庆生1, 陈笑风2, 单晔杰2, 丁熙3, 王慧明1   

  1. 1. 浙江大学附属口腔医院种植科, 浙江杭州 310001;
    2. 浙江大学应用力学研究所, 浙江杭州 310027;
    3. 温州医科大学附属第一医院口腔科, 浙江温州 325035
  • 收稿日期:2015-07-27 发布日期:2016-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 王慧明,教授,博士研究生导师(Tel:0571-87217430,E-mail:hmwang1960@hotmail.com) E-mail:hmwang1960@hotmail.com
  • 作者简介:陈庆生(1974-),男,江苏省如皋市人,副主任医师,主要从事种植临床方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金资助课题(81371120,81171003)

Influence of thickness of cancellous bone and cortical bone in stress distribution in vicinity of an implant

CHEN Qingsheng1, CHEN Xiaofeng2, SHAN Yejie2, DING Xi3, WANG Huiming1   

  1. 1. Department of Implantation, Dental Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310001, China;
    2. Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
    3. Department of Stomatology, First Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
  • Received:2015-07-27 Published:2016-03-31

摘要:

目的: 观察不同松质骨和皮质骨厚度下种植体周围应力分布的情况,探讨骨组织厚度比例及总厚度对种植体可靠性的影响。方法: 使用Abaqus软件建立颌骨三维有限元模型并进行计算,研究侧向力和轴向力作用下不同厚度比例的松质骨和皮质骨对种植体周围应力分布的影响,其中松质骨和皮质骨的比值分别为3:1、2:1、1:1、1:2和1:3,两者的总厚度分别取0.5、1.0、2.0、3.0和4.0 mm。结果: 皮质骨、松质骨和种植体表面最大应力随着松质骨和皮质骨总厚度的增大而递减,总厚度在0.5~2.0 mm区间内减小速度较快,在2.0~4.0 mm区间内减小速度较慢。对于不同厚度比例的松质骨和皮质骨,种植体颈部皮质骨内的最大应力在总厚度为2.0 mm时取得最小值。当总厚度小于2.0 mm时,种植体颈部皮质骨内的最大应力值随着总厚度的减小而快速升高;当总厚度大于2.0 mm时,种植体颈部皮质骨内的最大应力值随着总厚度的增大而缓慢升高。结论: 松质骨和皮质骨厚度的比值及总厚度均对种植体周围的应力分布有显著影响;在种植体手术中松质骨和皮质骨的总厚度应大于或等于2.0 mm,最佳值为2.0 mm。

关键词: 皮质骨, 松质骨, 种植体, 有限元分析, 骨质厚度, 厚度比例

Abstract:

Objective: To investigate the stress distribution surrounding an implant under different thickness of cancellous bone and cortical bone, and to analyze the influence of thickness ratio and total thickness of bone tissues on the reliability of an implant.Methods: By using the commercial finite element method software Abaqus, a simplified three-dimensional model of a jawbone consisting of a cancellous bone, a cortical bone, an implant, and a ceramic crown was constructed, and then the computation was performed.Under the condition that the system was loaded by lateral and normal stresses, the influence of thickness ratio and total thickness of cancellous bone and cortical bone in the stress distribution surrounding the implant was studied, where the thickness ratios were 3:1, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3; the total thickness were 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 mm, respectively.Results: The maximum stresses on the cortical bone, the cancellous bone as well as the implant were all found to decrease with the increasing of the total thickness of cortical and cancellous bones, with a higher decreasing rate in the range between 0.5-2.0 mm and a lower decreasing rate between 2.0-4.0 mm.More importantly, the maximum value of stress in the cortical bone within the neck region of the implant was observed to increase dramatically via reducing the total thickness below 2 mm, while it was increased insignificantly when the total thickness was above 2.0 mm.Conclusion: The thickness ratio and the total thickness of cancellous bone and cortical bone have strong influence in the stress distribution surrounding the implant. In dental implantation surgery, the total thickness of cancellous bone and cortical bone should be at least 2 mm, and therefore 2 mm is an optimal value.

Key words: cancellous bone, cortical bone, implant, finite element analysis, bone thickness, thickness ratio

中图分类号: 

  • R783